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Manatia
The Manatia (also Manatija) are a historical Albanian tribe (''fis'') and tribal region in the district of Lezha of northern Albania. It is one of the four traditional bajraks of the Highlands of Lezha (''Malësia e Lezhës''), alongside the Kryezezi, Vela and Bulgëri. Geography Manatia tribal territory is situated in the mountainous Highlands of Lezha, east of the city of Lezha. It is bordered by the Vela, Kryezezi and Bulgëri tribes to the east, the Mat river to the south, and the Zadrima-Lezha lowlands to the west and north. Their main settlements include Manatia, Grykë-Manati, Lalm-Lukaj and Kapruell (now Prull). History The village of Kapruell or Prull (''Kaprul'') is recorded in the Ottoman ''defter'' of 1467 as a '' hass-ı mir-liva'' property in the vilayet of Dimitri Gjonima. The village had a total of five households represented by the following household heads: ''Mihail Gjonshi'', ''Gjergj Skuçi'', ''Lesh Kaqi'', ''Andrija Kurtisi'', and ''Gjin Shtepko''. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kryezezi
The Kryezezi are a historical Albanian tribe (''fis'') and tribal region in the districts of Lezha and Mirdita of northern Albania. It is one of the four traditional bajraks of the Highlands of Lezha (''Malësia e Lezhës''), alongside the Bulgëri, Vela and Manatia. Geography Kryezezi tribal territory is located on the northern side of the Fan river, particularly where the Greater and Lesser Fan rivers unite down to about Rubik. It is bordered by the Manatia tribal region to the west, the Vela tribal region to the north, the Dibrri tribal region of Mirdita to the east and the Bulgëri tribal territory to the south. Their main settlements include Rubik, Munaz, Vau i Shkjezës, and the now abandoned Kryezez. Etymology The term Kryezezi translates to 'black head'. History The Kryezezi are the first, primary Bajrak of the Lezha Highlands, and were also known as ''Kryezezi Krypaxhi'' (meaning ''Kryezezi Salters'') probably because of their proximity to the sea and ther ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vela (tribe)
The Vela are a historical Albanian tribe (''fis'') and tribal region in the districts of Lezha and Mirdita of northern Albania. It is one of the four traditional bajraks of the Highlands of Lezha (''Malësia e Lezhës''), alongside the Bulgëri, Kryezezi and Manatia. Geography Vela tribal territory is located in the Vela river basin, which flows to the east of Mount Vela and into the Fan river. Vela borders Kryezezi tribal territory to the south, Manatia tribal territory and the Zadrima Zadrima is an ethnographic region situated in north-western Albania between the cities of Shkodra and Lezha, located left of the Lower Drin which eventually drains into the Adriatic Sea from near Lezha. Geography The Zadrima Plain includes vi ... region to the west, and Dibrri tribal territory in Mirdita to the north and east. The main Vela settlements are Rreja e Velës to the east of the Vela mountain and Vela on the western slope. Etymology The Vela tribe derive their name fro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bulgëri
The Bulgëri are a historical Albanian tribe (''fis'') and tribal region in the districts of Lezha and Mirdita of northern Albania. It is one of the four traditional bajraks of the Highlands of Lezha (''Malësia e Lezhës''), alongside the Kryezezi, Vela and Manatia. Geography Bulgëri tribal territory is situated along the banks of the lower Fan and Mat rivers, from Milot to Rubik. It is bordered by the Manatia tribal region to the west, the Kryezezi tribal region to the north, the Kthella tribal region to the east and the Mat river to the south. Their main settlements include Fang, Bërzana, Fierza, Rasfik and Bulgër (now Katundi i Vjetër). Etymology The tribal name and toponym ''Bulgër'' (and its local dialectal form, ''Bulgjër'') is derived from the Albanian bujgër' referring to Macedonian oak (''Quercus trojana'') which grow in abundance in the region. Marin Barleti labels the region as ''mons Bulgari'' in his work, with the form ''Bulgari'' likely representi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mirdita Tribe
Mirdita is a region of northern Albania whose territory is synonymous with the historic Albanian tribe of the same name. Etymology The name Mirdita derives from a legendary ancestor named Mir Diti from whom the tribe claims descent. Other alternative folk etymologies have been presented. Another folk etymology links the word to the Albanian greeting "mirëdita" meaning hello, "good day". Geography Historically Mirdita was the largest tribal region of Albania in terms of geographic spread and population. The region is situated in northern Albania, and it borders the traditional tribal areas of Puka (Berisha, Kabashi, Qerreti) in the north; the Lezha highlands (Vela, Bulgëri, Manatia, Kryeziu) in the west and southwest; the northern Albanian coastal plain of Lezha and Zadrima between the Drin and Mat rivers in the west; the river Mat and region of Mat in the south and the area of the Black Drin river in the east. The traditional areas and settlements of Mirdita are: Bisak, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albanian Tribes
The Albanian tribes ( sq, fiset shqiptare) form a historical mode of social organization (''farefisní'') in Albania and the southwestern Balkans characterized by a common culture, often common patrilineal kinship ties tracing back to one progenitor and shared social ties. The ''fis'' ( sq-definite, fisi; commonly translated as "tribe", also as "clan" or "kin" community) stands at the center of Albanian organization based on kinship relations, a concept which can be found among southern Albanians also with the term ''farë'' ( sq-definite, fara). Inherited from ancient Illyrian social structures, Albanian tribal society emerged in the early Middle Ages as the dominant form of social organization among Albanians. The development of feudalism came to both antagonize it, but also slowly integrate aspects of it in Albanian feudal society as most noble families themselves came from these tribes and depended on their support. This process stopped after the Ottoman conquest of Albania ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albania
Albania ( ; sq, Shqipëri or ), or , also or . officially the Republic of Albania ( sq, Republika e Shqipërisë), is a country in Southeastern Europe. It is located on the Adriatic and Ionian Seas within the Mediterranean Sea and shares land borders with Montenegro to the northwest, Kosovo to the northeast, North Macedonia to the east and Greece to the south. Tirana is its capital and largest city, followed by Durrës, Vlorë, and Shkodër. Albania displays varied climatic, geological, hydrological, and morphological conditions, defined in an area of . It possesses significant diversity with the landscape ranging from the snow-capped mountains in the Albanian Alps as well as the Korab, Skanderbeg, Pindus and Ceraunian Mountains to the hot and sunny coasts of the Albanian Adriatic and Ionian Sea along the Mediterranean Sea. Albania has been inhabited by different civilisations over time, such as the Illyrians, Thracians, Greeks, Romans, Byzantines, Venetians, and Ot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zadrima
Zadrima is an ethnographic region situated in north-western Albania between the cities of Shkodra and Lezha, located left of the Lower Drin which eventually drains into the Adriatic Sea from near Lezha. Geography The Zadrima Plain includes villages and settlements administratively split between the modern Shkodra ( Vau i Dejës Municipality) and Lezha (Lezhë Municipality) counties. The following belong under the Vau i Dejës Municipality: * Laç * Kovaç * Vau i Dejës * Mjeda * Shelqet * Naraç * Kaç * Shkjezë * Pistull * Paçram * Kukël * Plezhë * Hajmel * Dheu i Lehtë * Nënshat While the settlements below come under the Lezhë Municipality: * Krajnë * Fishtë * Troshan * Baqël * Blinisht * Kodhel * Dajç * Kotërr * Dragushë * Mabë * Gramsh * Zojs * Gjadër * Piraj At the end of the eighteenth century, Zadrima came to also encompass the nearby villages of Vjerdha, Lisna, Gajtani, and Rragami. The settlements of the former Guri i Zi Municipality, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) // CITED: p. 36 (PDF p. 38/338) also known as the Turkish Empire, was an empire that controlled much of Southeast Europe, Western Asia, and Northern Africa between the 14th and early 20th centuries. It was founded at the end of the 13th century in northwestern Anatolia in the town of Söğüt (modern-day Bilecik Province) by the Turkoman tribal leader Osman I. After 1354, the Ottomans crossed into Europe and, with the conquest of the Balkans, the Ottoman beylik was transformed into a transcontinental empire. The Ottomans ended the Byzantine Empire with the conquest of Constantinople in 1453 by Mehmed the Conqueror. Under the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent, the Ottoman Empire marked the peak of its power and prosperity, as well a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hass (Ottoman)
In the Ottoman administrative-military classification of land, a ''hâss'' was an estate with revenue. It was further divided into classes. *''hass-ı hümayun'', Imperial demesne (domain) *''hass-ı mir-liva'', taxes for district commander *''hass-ı mirmiran'', prebend of second-level ''pasha Pasha, Pacha or Paşa ( ota, پاشا; tr, paşa; sq, Pashë; ar, باشا), in older works sometimes anglicized as bashaw, was a higher rank in the Ottoman Empire, Ottoman political and military system, typically granted to governors, gener ...'' governing a province References *{{cite book, author=Halil İnalcık, title=An Economic and Social History of the Ottoman Empire, url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1j-AtkBmn78C&pg=PA141, year=1997, publisher=Cambridge University Press, isbn=978-0-521-57456-3, pages=141– Taxation in the Ottoman Empire Land taxation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vilayet
A vilayet ( ota, , "province"), also known by #Names, various other names, was a first-order administrative division of the later Ottoman Empire. It was introduced in the Vilayet Law of 21 January 1867, part of the Tanzimat reform movement initiated by the Ottoman Reform Edict of 1856. The Danube Vilayet had been specially formed in 1864 as an experiment under the leading reformer Midhat Pasha. The Vilayet Law expanded its use, but it was not until 1884 that it was applied to all of the empire's provinces. Writing for the ''Encyclopaedia Britannica'' in 1911, Vincent Henry Penalver Caillard claimed that the reform had intended to provide the provinces with greater amounts of local self-government but in fact had the effect of centralizing more power with the sultan of the Ottoman Empire, sultan and Islam in the Ottoman Empire, local Muslims at the expense of other communities. Names The Ottoman Turkish ''vilayet'' () was a loanword linguistic borrowing, borrowed from Arabic lan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dhimitër Jonima
Dhimitër Jonima (? – 1409) was an Albanian nobleman from the Jonima family. Together with other Albanian noblemen he is mentioned as a participant of the Battle of Kosovo in 1389. He suffered another defeat from the Ottoman Empire shortly after the Ottoman forces captured Shkodër in 1393. Then he acted as a mediator between them and Marco Barbadigo, the husband of Helena Thopia who was at that period in possession of Krujë castle. In 1402, as an Ottoman vassal, together with other Albanian noblemen, he fought alongside Bayezid I's forces in the Battle of Ankara. After the Ottoman defeat, he accepted the suzerainty of the Venetian Republic as a vassal of Koja Zaharia. He is last mentioned in the sources in 1409 and is supposed to have died the same year. After his death, Gjon Kastrioti took possession of the Jonima dominions, which became a part of the Principality of Kastrioti. Other members of the Jonima family are mentioned in Shkodër region later, however they never r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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