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Malik Yaqo
Malik Yaqo Ismail (February 12, 1894 - January 25, 1974, (Syriac: ܡܐܠܝܟ ܝܐܩܥ ܝܣܡܐܝܠ) was an Assyrian tribal leader who was a Malik (chief) of the Upper Tyari tribe and a military leader of the Assyrian Levies. Early life Malik Yaqo Ismail was born on February 12, 1894 in the village of Chamba'd Malik, Tyari, Hakkari. He married on December 26, 1914, Maryam Youkhana, they eventually had three children, respectively: Uya, born in Iraq in 1929, Zia, born in Iraq in 1932, and Daoud, born in Syria in 1935. Military career During the First World War He participated in many battles as a fighter, and the first battle he fought as the leader of a group of 50 fighters was against Ismail Agha, the leader of a Kurdish tribe After the martyrdom of Patriarch Mar Benyamin Shimun. He participated in numerous battles during the First World War under the command of his father Malik Ismail II with the Assyrian Volunteers, he had first hand experience from the battles in Ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tyari
Tyari ( syr, ܛܝܵܪܹܐ, Ṭyārē) is an Assyrian tribe and a historical district within Hakkari, Turkey. The area was traditionally divided into Upper (''Tyari Letha'') and Lower Tyari (''Tyari Khtetha'')–each consisting of several Assyrian villages. Both Upper and Lower Tyari are located on the western bank of the Zab river. Today, the district mostly sits in around the town of Çukurca. Historically, the largest village of the region was known as Ashitha. According to Hannibal Travis the Tyari Assyrians were known for their skills in weaving and knitting. Before 1915, Tyari was home to Assyrians from the Tyari tribe as well as a minority of Kurds. Following the Assyrian genocide, ''Ṭyārāyē'', along with other Assyrians residing in the Hakkari highlands, were forced to leave their villages in southeast Anatolia and fled to join their fellow Assyrian brethren in modern-day northern Iraq (Sarsink, Sharafiya, Chammike and various villages in the Nahla valley), northeas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shimun XIX Benyamin
Mar Shimun XIX Benyamin (1887– 3 March 1918) ( syr, ܡܪܝ ܒܢܝܡܝܢ ܫܡܥܘܢ ܥܣܪܝܢ ܘܩܕܡܝܐ) served as the 117th Catholicos-Patriarch of the Church of the East. Life He was born in 1887 in the village of Qochanis in the Hakkari Province, Ottoman Empire (modern-day southeastern Turkey). His paternal uncle and immediate predecessor was Mar Shimun XVIII Rubil, patriarch from 1860 to 1903). His father was Eshai, a brother of Shimun XVIII Rubil, and his mother was Asyat, daughter of Kambar from Iyl. He had six siblings: Isaiah, Zaya, Paulos (who succeeded him as Patriarch), David, Hormizd, Surma. His brother Hormizd was later killed while studying in Istanbul during the Deportation of Armenian intellectuals on 24 April 1915. He was consecrated a Metropolitan on March 1, 1903 by his uncle, the Catholicos Patriarch, who died on March 16, 1903. He was eighteen years old when he succeeded to the position and occupied the patriarchal See of Seleucia-Ctesiphon a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mosul
Mosul ( ar, الموصل, al-Mawṣil, ku, مووسڵ, translit=Mûsil, Turkish: ''Musul'', syr, ܡܘܨܠ, Māwṣil) is a major city in northern Iraq, serving as the capital of Nineveh Governorate. The city is considered the second largest city in Iraq in terms of population and area after the capital Baghdad, with a population of over 3.7 million. Mosul is approximately north of Baghdad on the Tigris river. The Mosul metropolitan area has grown from the old city on the western side to encompass substantial areas on both the "Left Bank" (east side) and the "Right Bank" (west side), as locals call the two riverbanks. Mosul encloses the ruins of the ancient Assyrian city of Nineveh on its east side. Mosul and its surroundings have an ethnically and religiously diverse population; a large majority of its population are Arabs, with Assyrians, Turkmens, and Kurds, and other, smaller ethnic minorities comprising the rest of the city's population. Sunni Islam is the largest r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dayrabun
Dayrabun ( ar, ديربون, ku, دێرهبوون, Dêrebûn) is a village in Dohuk Governorate in Kurdistan Region, Iraq. It is located near the confluence of the Iraq-Syria-Turkey border in the Zakho District. In the village, there is a Chaldean Catholic church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, which was constructed in 1934–1937, and renovated in 2005–2007. Etymology The name of the village is derived from "dayra" ("monastery" in Syriac) and "abuna" ("father" in Syriac), and thus Dayrabun translates to "monastery of the father". History A monastery, from which the village takes its name, was likely constructed in the 11th or 12th century, and persisted into the 13th and 14th centuries, but is no longer extant. According to local tradition, the monastery was dedicated to Noah. Dayrabun and its church are attested in a manuscript commissioned in 1671. The village's population were adherents of the Church of the East until converted to Chaldean Catholicism in the 19th centu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dirabun
Dayrabun ( ar, ديربون, ku, دێرهبوون, Dêrebûn) is a village in Dohuk Governorate in Kurdistan Region, Iraq. It is located near the confluence of the Iraq-Syria-Turkey border in the Zakho District. In the village, there is a Chaldean Catholic church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, which was constructed in 1934–1937, and renovated in 2005–2007. Etymology The name of the village is derived from "dayra" ("monastery" in Syriac) and "abuna" ("father" in Syriac), and thus Dayrabun translates to "monastery of the father". History A monastery, from which the village takes its name, was likely constructed in the 11th or 12th century, and persisted into the 13th and 14th centuries, but is no longer extant. According to local tradition, the monastery was dedicated to Noah. Dayrabun and its church are attested in a manuscript commissioned in 1671. The village's population were adherents of the Church of the East until converted to Chaldean Catholicism in the 19th cent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tigris
The Tigris () is the easternmost of the two great rivers that define Mesopotamia, the other being the Euphrates. The river flows south from the mountains of the Armenian Highlands through the Syrian and Arabian Deserts, and empties into the Persian Gulf. Geography The Tigris is 1,750 km (1,090 mi) long, rising in the Taurus Mountains of eastern Turkey about 25 km (16 mi) southeast of the city of Elazığ and about 30 km (20 mi) from the headwaters of the Euphrates. The river then flows for 400 km (250 mi) through Southeastern Turkey before becoming part of the Syria-Turkey border. This stretch of 44 km (27 mi) is the only part of the river that is located in Syria. Some of its affluences are Garzan, Anbarçayi, Batman, and the Great and the Little Zab. Close to its confluence with the Euphrates, the Tigris splits into several channels. First, the artificial Shatt al-Hayy branches off, to join the Euphrates near Nasiriyah. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mandate For Syria And The Lebanon
The Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon (french: Mandat pour la Syrie et le Liban; ar, الانتداب الفرنسي على سوريا ولبنان, al-intidāb al-fransi 'ala suriya wa-lubnān) (1923−1946) was a League of Nations mandate founded in the aftermath of the First World War and the partitioning of the Ottoman Empire, concerning Syria (region), Syria and Lebanon. The mandate system was supposed to differ from colonialism, with the governing country intended to act as a trustee until the inhabitants were considered eligible for self-government. At that point, the mandate would terminate and an Sovereign state, independent state would be born. During the two years that followed the end of the war in 1918—and in accordance with the Sykes–Picot Agreement signed by United Kingdom, Britain and French Third Republic, France during the war—the British held control of most of Ottoman Iraq, Ottoman Mesopotamia (modern Iraq) and the southern part of Ottoman Syria (Palesti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kaymakam
Kaymakam, also known by many other romanizations, was a title used by various officials of the Ottoman Empire, including acting grand viziers, governors of provincial sanjaks, and administrators of district kazas. The title has been retained and is sometimes used without translation for provincial or subdistrict governors in various Ottoman successor states, including the Republic of Turkey, Northern Cyprus, Iraq, and Lebanon. Names The title has been romanization, romanized in English language, English since 1645 with extremely numerous spelling variations. The most common present-day forms are kaymakam, kaimakam, and qaimaqam. The modern Turkish language, Turkish term is , from Ottoman Turkish ''kaymakam'' (), from Arabic language, Arabic ''qāʾim maqām'' (), meaning "stand in" or "deputy". History Ottoman Empire In the Ottoman Empire, the title of ''kaymakam'' (known either as ''sadâret kaymakamı'' or as ''kaymakam pasha'') was originally used for the official depu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amadiya
Amedi or Amadiya ( ku, ئامێدی, Amêdî, ; Syriac: , Amədya), is a town in the Duhok Governorate of Kurdistan Region of Iraq. It is built on a mesa in the broader Great Zab river valley. Etymology According to Ali ibn al-Athir, the name Amadiya is eponymous to Imad al-Din Zengi who built a fortress there in 1142. Another theory is that the name is named after Imad al-Dawla, but this theory is less likely. According to Professor Jeffrey Szuchman, Amedi is of Hurrian or Urartian origin. History From Early Bronze Age until it came under the control of the Mitanni Empire in the 16th century BCE, Amedi region was part of the kingdom of Kurda and it was entirely inhabited by non Semitic Subarians. During the rule of the Mittanian Empire the inhabitants of this region were known as Zubarians. After the fall of the Mittanian Empire, the city of Amedi was conquered by Ashurnasirpal I of Assyria in 11th century BCE after he fought the Nairi and Barzani people. After the fall of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Çığlı, Çukurca
Çığlı (; syr, ܥܫܝܬܐ, Āshīṯā) is a village in Hakkâri Province in southeastern Turkey. It is located in the district of Çukurca District and the historical region of Hakkari. In the village, there were churches of Mar Gewargis and Mar Saba. Etymology The Syriac and Turkish names of the village, Ashitha and Çığlı, respectively, both translate to "avalanche". Ashitha is derived from "ašīthā" ("avalanche" in Syriac), whilst Çığlı is likely a combination of "çığ" ("avalanche" in Turkish) and the adjectival suffix -li. History The church of Mar Saba was constructed in the 4th century. Ashitha was formerly exclusively inhabited by Assyrians, and was the centre of the lower Tyari district, and a ''rayyat'' (vassal) of the ''ashiret'' (free men) Tyari clan. It was formed by an aggregation of the villages of Jemane, Jemane Tahtaita, Mata d'Umra-Hatibet, Isrur, and Merwita. The village served as one of two places in the Hakkari region designated by the Patri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malik Khoshaba
Malik Khoshaba Yousip ( syr, ܡܠܟ ܚܕܒܫܒܐ ܝܘܣܦ) was an Assyrian tribal leader (or "malik") of the Tyari tribe (''Bit Tyareh'') who played a significant role in the Assyrian independence movement during World War I. Early life Malik Khoshaba was born in the village of Lizan in the Lower Tyari region of which lies in modern-day Turkey. Khoshaba descended from the distinguished "Bet Polous" family of ancient lineage. Khoshaba completed his primary education at a Presbyterian missionary in Tyari before continuing his secondary studies in Mosul and completing his further studies at the American college in Urmia. Khoshaba was well versed in several languages such as English, Arabic, Kurdish and Russian that made him a standout individual within the Tyari Assyrians. While studying in Urmia his studies were interrupted by a tragic event that proved to test his metal as a would be leader in Lower Tyareh: while away at Urmia, Malik Khoshaba’s father, Malik Yousip, was murdered ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dohuk
Duhok ( ku, دهۆک, translit=Dihok; ar, دهوك, Dahūk; syr, ܒܝܬ ܢܘܗܕܪܐ, Beth Nohadra) is a city in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. It's the capital city of Duhok Governorate. History The city's origin dates back to the Stone Age, and it became part of the Assyrian Empire, then the Babylonian Empire before it fell into the hands of Achaemenid Empire after the Fall of Babylon, and subsequently fell into the hands of Alexander the Great and the Romans. It became an important center of Syriac Christianity where it was known as "ܒܝܬ ܢܘܗܕܪܐ" ''Beth Nohdry'', before fading out after the conquests of Mesopotamia by Tamerlane. According to Evliya Çelebi, the city was initially called ''Dohuk-e Dasinya,'' named after the militant Dasini tribe who were believers of Yazidism. The Yazidi population is still relatively significant, but has decreased due to persecution. This made it possible for Muslims, Christians and Jews to settle in the town. The city became ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
