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Makapili
The Makabayang Katipunan ng mga Pilipino (''Patriotic Association of Filipinos''), better known as the Makapili, was a militant group formed in the Philippines in December 8 1944 during World War II to give military aid to the Imperial Japanese Army. The group was meant to be on equal basis with the Japanese Army and its leaders were appointed with ranks that were equal to their Japanese counterparts. Background The Japanese decreed that the group be founded in December 8, 1944 when they brought together many of the supporters of the defunct nationalist Ganap Party, which was an offshoot of the ''Sakdalistas'' or those who helped the Japanese in the recruitment of manpower as well as in the construction and maintenance of infrastructure. The move was meant to reverse the increasing activism of the Philippine resistance movement. Organized by Benigno Ramos and Artemio Ricarte, it was borne out of José P. Laurel's refusal to conscript Filipinos for Japan. An account cited that Lau ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benigno Ramos
:''See Pugad Baboy for the Filipino comic character Igno who shares this name.'' Benigno "Ben Ruben" Ramos y Pantaleón (February 10, 1892 – disappeared 1945) was a Filipino author, writer, organization founder, politician, and was an advocate for the independence of the Philippines from the United States who collaborated with Japan. Educated in Bulacan, Ramos went to work there as a teacher. Later, whilst based in Manila, he entered the civil service and by 1928 had risen to a high position with the Senate Staff. He became a member of the Nacionalista Party and a close associate of Manuel L. Quezon but this came to an end in 1930 when he joined a wildcat strike by teachers in the capital, causing Quezon to demand his resignation. Ramos did so but became a figure of anti-Quezon agitation, setting up a Tagalog language newspaper ''Sakdal'' which gained a wide circulation in rural areas. Ramos reconstituted his followers as the Sakdalista movement. Gaining as many as 20,000 mem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Justina David
Justina David, sometimes credited as Justiniana David, was a mid-20th century Filipina film actress, often appearing as a martyred wife, a peasant, or a hopeless mother. Her career began before World War II and extended to the late 1960s. Born in 1912, she first appeared as a bit player in Sampaguita Pictures' '' Pasang Krus'' (Shouldered Cross), then progressed to various pre-war musical films at Sampaguita, including ''Magbalik ka, Hirang'' (Comeback, Darling), '' Gunita'' (Memory) with Corazon Noble, '' Carmen'' with Carmen Rosales, '' Balatkayo'' with Rudy Concepcion and '' Pagsuyo'' (Love). After World War II, in 1947, she made a comeback in the LVN Pictures films '' Backpay'' with Corazon Noble and Rogelio dela Rosa and '' Krus na Bituin'' (Crossed Star). In 1954, she returned to Sampaguita and made dozens of movies, including '' Pilya'' where she played the mother of Gloria Romero. In 1956, she moved to Larry Santiago Production for '' Mrs Jose Romulo'' with Jose Rom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japanese Occupation Of The Philippines
The Japanese occupation of the Philippines (Filipino: ''Pananakop ng mga Japones sa Filipinas''; ja, 日本のフィリピン占領, Nihon no Firipin Senryō) occurred between 1942 and 1945, when Imperial Japan occupied the Commonwealth of the Philippines during World War II. The invasion of the Philippines started on 8 December 1941, ten hours after the attack on Pearl Harbor. As at Pearl Harbor, American aircraft were severely damaged in the initial Japanese attack. Lacking air cover, the American Asiatic Fleet in the Philippines withdrew to Java on 12 December 1941. General Douglas MacArthur was ordered out, leaving his men at Corregidor on the night of 11 March 1942 for Australia, 4,000 km away. The 76,000 starving and sick American and Filipino defenders in Bataan surrendered on 9 April 1942, and were forced to endure the infamous Bataan Death March on which 7,000–10,000 died or were murdered. The 13,000 survivors on Corregidor surrendered on 6 May. Japan occupie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Artemio Ricarte
Artemio Ricarte y García (October 20, 1866 – July 31, 1945) was a Filipino general during the Philippine Revolution and the Philippine–American War. He is regarded as the ''Father of the Philippine Army'', and the first Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (March 22, 1897- January 22, 1899) though the present Philippine Army descended from the American-allied forces that defeated the Philippine Revolutionary Army led by General Ricarte. Ricarte is notable for never having taken an oath of allegiance to the United States government that occupied the Philippines from 1898 to 1946. Early life From the legal union and matrimony of Esteban Ricarte y Faustino with Bonifacia Garcia y Rigonan were born three children: Uno, Artemio and Ylumidad, in the town of Batac, province of Ilocos Norte. Artemio finished his early studies in his hometown and moved to Manila for his tertiary education. He enrolled at the Colegio de San Juan de Letran graduating with a Bachelo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chinilpa
''Chinilpa'' ( ko, 친일파, lit. "pro-Japan faction") is a derogatory Korean language term that denotes ethnic Koreans who collaborated with Imperial Japan during the protectorate period of the Korean Empire from 1905 and its colonial rule in Korea from 1910 to 1945. The term is distinct from ''ji-ilpa'' (Hangul: 지일파; Hanja: 知日派, lit. "knowledgeable-about-Japan faction"), which has a politically neutral connotation. ''Chinilpa'' was popularized in post-independence Korea for Koreans considered national traitors for collaborating with the Japanese colonial government and fighting against the Korean independence movement. ''Chinilpa'' also applies to Koreans that had sought greater alliance or unification with Japan in the last years of Joseon Dynasty, such as Iljinhoe and the Five Eulsa Traitors. Prosecution of ''chinilpa'' gained increasing support in South Korea after the gradual democratization during the 1980s and 1990s, and the first anti-''chinilpa'' legislati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hanjian
In Chinese culture, the word ''hanjian'' () is a pejorative term for a traitor to the Han Chinese state and, to a lesser extent, Han ethnicity. The word ''hanjian'' is distinct from the general word for traitor, which could be used for any country or ethnicity. As a Chinese term, it is a digraph of the Chinese characters for "Han" and "traitor". ''Han'' is the majority ethnic group in China; and ''Jian'', in Chinese legal language, primarily referred to illicit sex. Implied by this term was a Han Chinese carrying on an illicit relationship with the enemy." ''Hanjian'' is often worded as "collaborator" in the West. History The term ''hanjian'' is one that emerged from a “conflation of political and ethnic identities, which was often blurred in the expression of Chinese nationalism.” It was/is applied to individuals who are designated collaborators and by which were not all ethnically Han. The modern usage of the term stems from the Second Sino-Japanese War in which circu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ganap Party
The Ganap Party was a Filipino political party that grew from the Sakdalista movement. Benigno Ramos, who served as its leader, was also the founder of the Sakdalista movement. The party took its name from the Tagalog word ', which means "complete". Inception Sakdal party leader Benigno Ramos returned to the Philippines in 1938, after three years in self-imposed Japanese exile. Anxious to regroup after the failed May uprising, he formed Ganap. It was therefore not surprising that the party was pro-Japan in outlook and saw an alliance with them as the road to independence. Ramos named the party Ganap because he was anxious to kickstart their election campaign. Their propaganda was so rabidly pro-Japanese and anti-American that Ramos was imprisoned on charges of swindling. Ganap drew its support base from the old Sakdal members, the disgruntled peasant class. The party was not without internal dissent, though, as opponents of Benigno Ramos remained in the old Sakdal Party, claiming t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flag Of The MAKAPILI
A flag is a piece of fabric (most often rectangular or quadrilateral) with a distinctive design and colours. It is used as a symbol, a signalling device, or for decoration. The term ''flag'' is also used to refer to the graphic design employed, and flags have evolved into a general tool for rudimentary signalling and identification, especially in environments where communication is challenging (such as the maritime environment, where semaphore is used). Many flags fall into groups of similar designs called flag families. The study of flags is known as "vexillology" from the Latin , meaning "flag" or "banner". National flags are patriotic symbols with widely varied interpretations that often include strong military associations because of their original and ongoing use for that purpose. Flags are also used in messaging, advertising, or for decorative purposes. Some military units are called "flags" after their use of flags. A ''flag'' (Arabic: ) is equivalent to a brigade in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Units And Formations Disestablished In 1945
A military, also known collectively as armed forces, is a heavily armed, highly organized force primarily intended for warfare. It is typically authorized and maintained by a sovereign state, with its members identifiable by their distinct military uniform. It may consist of one or more military branches such as an army, navy, air force, space force, marines, or coast guard. The main task of the military is usually defined as defence of the state and its interests against external armed threats. In broad usage, the terms ''armed forces'' and ''military'' are often treated as synonymous, although in technical usage a distinction is sometimes made in which a country's armed forces may include both its military and other paramilitary forces. There are various forms of irregular military forces, not belonging to a recognized state; though they share many attributes with regular military forces, they are less often referred to as simply ''military''. A nation's military may ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Units And Formations Established In 1944
A military, also known collectively as armed forces, is a heavily armed, highly organized force primarily intended for warfare. It is typically authorized and maintained by a sovereign state, with its members identifiable by their distinct military uniform. It may consist of one or more military branches such as an army, navy, air force, space force, marines, or coast guard. The main task of the military is usually defined as defence of the state and its interests against external armed threats. In broad usage, the terms ''armed forces'' and ''military'' are often treated as synonymous, although in technical usage a distinction is sometimes made in which a country's armed forces may include both its military and other paramilitary forces. There are various forms of irregular military forces, not belonging to a recognized state; though they share many attributes with regular military forces, they are less often referred to as simply ''military''. A nation's military may f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military History Of The Philippines During World War II
The Commonwealth of the Philippines was attacked by the Empire of Japan on 8 December 1941, nine hours after the attack on Pearl Harbor (the Philippines is on the Asian side of the international date line). Although it was governed by a semi-independent commonwealth government, the United States of America controlled the Philippines at the time and possessed important military bases there. The combined Filipino-American army was defeated in the Battle of Bataan and the Battle of Corregidor in April 1942, but guerrilla resistance against the Japanese continued throughout the war. Uncaptured Filipino army units, a communist insurgency, and supporting American agents all played a role in the resistance. Due to the huge number of islands, the Japanese never occupied many of the smaller and more minor islands. Japanese control over the countryside and smaller towns were often tenuous at best. In 1944, Allied forces liberated the islands from Japanese control in a naval invasion. B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Filipino Collaborators With Imperial Japan
Filipino may refer to: * Something from or related to the Philippines ** Filipino language, standardized variety of 'Tagalog', the national language and one of the official languages of the Philippines. ** Filipinos, people who are citizens of the Philippines or are of Filipino descent. Other uses * Filipinos (snack food), branded cookies manufactured in Europe See also * * * Filipinas (other) Filipinas may refer to: * ''Filipinas, letra para la marcha nacional'', the Spanish poem by José Palma that eventually became the Filipino national anthem. * The original Spanish name, and also used in different Philippines languages including ... {{disambiguation Language and nationality disambiguation pages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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