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Mae Fah Luang Foundation
The Mae Fah Luang Foundation ( th, มูลนิธิแม่ฟ้าหลวง; ) (MFLF) is a private, non‐profit organization established to improve the quality of life of people in poverty and deprived of opportunities. It manages numerous projects in Thailand as well as other countries in Asia. The foundation's mission focuses on three main areas: “improving social and economic development, preserving the environment, and supporting local art and culture.”"Origin" ''Mae Fah Luang Foundation Under Royal Patronage'', Retrieved 2012-06-21. In 1972, Her Royal Highness Princess (Princess Mother), grandmother of the present King of T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nongovernmental Organization
A non-governmental organization (NGO) or non-governmental organisation (see spelling differences) is an organization that generally is formed independent from government. They are typically nonprofit entities, and many of them are active in humanitarianism or the social sciences; they can also include clubs and associations that provide services to their members and others. Surveys indicate that NGOs have a high degree of public trust, which can make them a useful proxy for the concerns of society and stakeholders. However, NGOs can also be lobby groups for corporations, such as the World Economic Forum. NGOs are distinguished from international and intergovernmental organizations (''IOs'') in that the latter are more directly involved with sovereign states and their governments. The term as it is used today was first introduced in Article 71 of the newly-formed United Nations' Charter in 1945. While there is no fixed or formal definition for what NGOs are, they are general ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Drug Rehabilitation
Drug rehabilitation is the process of medical or psychotherapeutic treatment for dependency on psychoactive substances such as alcohol, prescription drugs, and street drugs such as cannabis, cocaine, heroin or amphetamines. The general intent is to enable the patient to confront substance dependence, if present, and stop substance misuse to avoid the psychological, legal, financial, social, and physical consequences that can be caused. Treatment includes medication for depression or other disorders, counseling by experts and sharing of experience with other addicts. Psychological dependency Psychological dependency is addressed in many drug rehabilitation programs by attempting to teach the person new methods of interacting in a drug-free environment. In particular, patients are generally encouraged, or possibly even required, to not associate with peers who still use the addictive substance. Twelve-step programs encourage addicts not only to stop using alcohol or other d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Udon Thani Province
Udon Thani province ( th, อุดรธานี, ) is one of Thailand's seventy-six provinces (''changwat'') which lies in Isan#Administrative divisions, upper northeastern Thailand, also called Isan. It is bordered by the provinces of Nong Khai province, Nong Khai to the north, Sakon Nakhon province, Sakon Nakhon to the east, Kalasin province to the southeast, Khon Kaen province, Khon Kaen to the south, and Loei province, Loei and Nong Bua Lamphu province, Nong Bua Lamphu to the west. It occupies an area of . The total forest area is or 10.2 percent of provincial area. The provincial capital is Udon Thani, the major city in the province. Toponymy Udon Thani is said to mean 'northern city'. ''Udon'' is derived from ''utara'' in Sanskrit, meaning 'northern direction', as Udon Thani is northeast of Bangkok. ''Thani'' means 'city'. History Udon Thani first came to historical notice in the Rattanakosin era, when Anuwong of Vientiane staged a rebellion against Thai rule and march ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nong Wua So District
Nong Wua So ( th, หนองวัวซอ, ) is a district ('' amphoe'') in the western part of Udon Thani province, northeastern Thailand. Geography Neighboring districts are (from the north clockwise) Kut Chap, Mueang Udon Thani, and Nong Saeng of Udon Thani Province, Khao Suan Kwang of Khon Kaen province and Non Sang and Mueang Nongbua Lamphu of Nong Bua Lamphu province. History The district was established as a minor district (''king amphoe'') on 16 April 1971, when it was split off from Mueang Udon Thani district. It was upgraded to a full district on 1 April 1974. Administration The district is divided into eight sub-districts (''tambons''), which are further subdivided into 78 villages ('' mubans''). There are two townships (''thesaban tambon Thesaban ( th, เทศบาล, , ) are the municipalities of Thailand. There are three levels of municipalities: city, town, and sub-district. Bangkok and Pattaya are special municipal entities not included in the ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chao Phraya River
The Chao Phraya ( or ; th, แม่น้ำเจ้าพระยา, , or ) is the major river in Thailand, with its low alluvial plain forming the centre of the country. It flows through Bangkok and then into the Gulf of Thailand. Etymology On many old European maps, the river is named the ''Mae Nam'' (Thai: แม่น้ำ), the Thai word for "river" (literally, "motherly water"). James McCarthy, F.R.G.S., who served as Director-General of the Siamese Government Surveys prior to establishment of the Royal Survey Department, wrote in his account, "''Mae Nam'' is a generic term, ''mae'' signifying "mother" and ''Nam'' "water," and the epithet Chao P'ia signifies that it is the chief river in the kingdom of Siam." H. Warington Smyth, who served as Director of the Department of Mines in Siam from 1891 to 1896, refers to it in his book first published in 1898 as "the Mae Nam Chao Phraya". In the English-language media in Thailand, the name Chao Phraya River is oft ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chaloem Phra Kiat District, Nan
Chaloem Phra Kiat ( th, เฉลิมพระเกียรติ, ) is a district (''amphoe'') of Nan province, northern Thailand. History The district was created on 5 December 1996, together with four other districts named ''Chaloem Phra Kiat'' in celebration of the 50th anniversary of King Bhumibol Adulyadej's ascension to the throne. The area of the district was created from two districts. ''Tambon'' Huai Kon was previously part of Thung Chang district, while Khun Nan came from Bo Kluea district. Geography Neighboring districts are (from the south clockwise) Bo Kluea, Pua, and Thung Chang. To the north and east is Xaignabouli province of Laos with an international border crossing at Huay Kon/Muang Ngeun. The district is in the Luang Prabang Range mountain area of the Thai highlands.ดร.กระมล ทองธรรมชาติ และคณะ, สังคมศึกษา ศาสนาและวัฒนธรรม ม.1, สำนัก ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Melaleuca Alternifolia
''Melaleuca alternifolia'', commonly known as tea tree, is a species of tree or tall shrub in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae. Endemic to Australia, it occurs in southeast Queensland and the north coast and adjacent ranges of New South Wales where it grows along streams and on swampy flats, and is often the dominant species where it occurs. Description ''Melaleuca alternifolia'' is a small tree that can grow to about with a bushy crown and whitish, papery bark. The leaves are arranged alternately, sometimes scattered or whorled. The leaves are smooth, soft, linear in shape, long and wide. They are also rich in oil with the glands prominent. Flowers occur in white or cream-colored masses of spikes long over a short period, mostly spring to early summer, and give the tree an appearance of looking fluffy. The small woody, cup-shaped fruit, in diameter are scattered along the branches. Taxonomy and naming This species was first formally described in 1905 by Joseph Maiden and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clearcutting
Clearcutting, clearfelling or clearcut logging is a forestry/ logging practice in which most or all trees in an area are uniformly cut down. Along with shelterwood and seed tree harvests, it is used by foresters to create certain types of forest ecosystems and to promote select species that require an abundance of sunlight or grow in large, even-age stands. Logging companies and forest-worker unions in some countries support the practice for scientific, safety and economic reasons, while detractors consider it a form of deforestation that destroys natural habitats and contributes to climate change. Clearcutting is the most common and economically profitable method of logging. However, it also may create detrimental side effects, such as the loss of topsoil, the costs of which are intensely debated by economic, environmental and other interests. In addition to the purpose of harvesting wood, clearcutting is used to create land for farming. Ultimately, the effects of clearcutt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Corporate Social Responsibility
Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a form of international private business self-regulation which aims to contribute to societal goals of a philanthropic, activist, or charitable nature by engaging in or supporting volunteering or ethically oriented practices. While once it was possible to describe CSR as an internal organizational policy or a corporate ethic strategy, that time has passed as various national and international laws have been developed. Various organizations have used their authority to push it beyond individual or even industry-wide initiatives. In contrast, it has been considered a form of corporate self-regulation for some time, over the last decade or so it has moved considerably from voluntary decisions at the level of individual organizations to mandatory schemes at regional, national, and international levels. Moreover, scholars and firms are using the term "creating shared value", an extension of corporate social responsibility, to explain ways of d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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