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Mabuterol
Mabuterol is a selective β2 adrenoreceptor agonist. Synthesis The halogenation of 2-(Trifluoromethyl)aniline 8-17-5(1) with iodine and sodium bicarbonate resulted in 2-Amino-5-Iodobenzotrifluoride 7760-97-9(2). Protection with acetic anhydride followed by nucleophilic aromatic displacement with copper(I)cyanide gave N- -cyano-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenylcetamide 75277-96-0(3). Hydrolysis of the nitrile and the protecting group gave 4-amino-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid 00-76-0(4). Halogenation with chlorine gave 4-Amino-3-Chloro-5-(Trifluoromethyl)Benzoic Acid 5656-52-3(5). Halogenation of the acid with thionyl chloride gave 4-Amino-3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)benzoylchloride 3498-15-7(6). Treatment with diethyl malonate 05-53-3gave the acetophenone and hence 1- -amino-3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenylthanone 7760-76-4(7). Halogenation with bromine in acetic acid led to 1- -amino-3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl2-bromoethanone 7760-87-7(8). Treatment with tert-butylamin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mabuterol Synthesis
Mabuterol is a selective β2 adrenoreceptor agonist. Synthesis The halogenation of 2-(Trifluoromethyl)aniline 8-17-5(1) with iodine and sodium bicarbonate resulted in 2-Amino-5-Iodobenzotrifluoride 7760-97-9(2). Protection with acetic anhydride followed by nucleophilic aromatic displacement with copper(I)cyanide gave N- -cyano-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenylcetamide 75277-96-0(3). Hydrolysis of the nitrile and the protecting group gave 4-amino-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid 00-76-0(4). Halogenation with chlorine gave 4-Amino-3-Chloro-5-(Trifluoromethyl)Benzoic Acid 5656-52-3(5). Halogenation of the acid with thionyl chloride gave 4-Amino-3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)benzoylchloride 3498-15-7(6). Treatment with diethyl malonate 05-53-3gave the acetophenone and hence 1- -amino-3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenylthanone 7760-76-4(7). Halogenation with bromine in acetic acid led to 1- -amino-3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl2-bromoethanone 7760-87-7(8). Treatment with tert-butylamin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clenbuterol
Clenbuterol is a sympathomimetic amine used by sufferers of breathing disorders as a decongestant and bronchodilator. People with chronic breathing disorders such as asthma use this as a bronchodilator to make breathing easier. It is most commonly available as the hydrochloride salt, clenbuterol hydrochloride. It was patented in 1967 and came into medical use in 1977. Medical uses Clenbuterol is approved for use in some countries as a bronchodilator for asthma. Clenbuterol is a β2 agonist with some structural and pharmacological similarities to epinephrine and salbutamol, but its effects are more potent and longer-lasting as a stimulant and thermogenic drug. It is commonly used for smooth muscle-relaxant properties as a bronchodilator and tocolytic. It is classified by the World Anti-Doping Agency as an anabolic agent, not as a β2 agonist. Clenbuterol is prescribed for treatment of respiratory diseases for horses, and as an obstetrical aid in cattle. It is illegal in some ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beta2-adrenergic Agonist
Beta2-adrenergic agonists, also known as adrenergic β2 receptor agonists, are a class of drugs that act on the β2 adrenergic receptor. Like other β adrenergic agonists, they cause smooth muscle relaxation. β2 adrenergic agonists' effects on smooth muscle cause dilation of bronchial passages, vasodilation in muscle and liver, relaxation of uterine muscle, and release of insulin. They are primarily used to treat asthma and other pulmonary disorders, such as Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Mechanism of action Activation of β adrenergic receptors leads to relaxation of smooth muscle in the lung, and dilation and opening of the airways. β adrenergic receptors are coupled to a stimulatory G protein of adenylyl cyclase. This enzyme produces the second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). In the lung, cAMP decreases calcium concentrations within cells and activates protein kinase A. Both of these changes inactivate myosin light-chain kinase and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cimaterol
Cimaterol (INN) is a beta-adrenergic agonist. See also *Dichloroisoprenaline Dichloroisoprenaline (DCI), also known as dichloroisoproterenol, was the first beta blocker ever to be developed. It is non-selective for the β1-adrenergic and β2-adrenergic receptors. DCI has low potency and acts as a partial agonist/antagoni ... References Phenylethanolamines Sympathomimetic amines Benzonitriles Anilines {{respiratory-system-drug-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aromatic Amines
In organic chemistry, an aromatic amine is an organic compound consisting of an aromatic ring attached to an amine. It is a broad class of compounds that encompasses anilines, but also many more complex aromatic rings and many amine substituents beyond . Such compounds occur widely. Aromatic amines are widely used as precursor to pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and dyes. Aromatic amines in textiles Since August 2012, the new standard EN 14362-1:2012 ''Textiles - Methods for determination of certain aromatic amines derived from azo colorants - Part 1: Detection of the use of certain azo colorants accessible with and without extracting the fibres'' is effective. It had been officially approved by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) and supersedes the test standards EN 14362-1: 2003 and EN 14362-2: 2003. The standard describes a procedure to detect EU banned aromatic amines derived from azo colorants in textile fibres, including natural, man-made, regenerated, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chlorobenzenes
Chlorobenzene is an aromatic organic compound with the chemical formula C6H5Cl. This colorless, flammable liquid is a common solvent and a widely used intermediate in the manufacture of other chemicals. Uses Historical The major use of chlorobenzene is as an intermediate in the production of herbicides, dyestuffs, and rubber. Chlorobenzene is also used as a high-boiling solvent in industrial applications as well as in the laboratory. Chlorobenzene is nitrated on a large scale to give a mixture of 2-nitrochlorobenzene and 4-nitrochlorobenzene, which are separated. These mononitrochlorobenzenes are converted to related 2-nitrophenol, 2-nitroanisole, bis(2-nitrophenyl)disulfide, and 2-nitroaniline by nucleophilic displacement of the chloride, with respectively sodium hydroxide, sodium methoxide, sodium disulfide, and ammonia. The conversions of the 4-nitro derivative are similar. Chlorobenzene once was used in the manufacture of pesticides, most notably DDT, by reaction with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tert-butyl Compounds
In organic chemistry, butyl is a four-carbon alkyl radical or substituent group with general chemical formula , derived from either of the two isomers (''n''-butane and isobutane) of butane. The isomer ''n''-butane can connect in two ways, giving rise to two "-butyl" groups: * If it connects at one of the two terminal carbon atoms, it is normal butyl or ''n''-butyl: (preferred IUPAC name: butyl) * If it connects at one of the non-terminal (internal) carbon atoms, it is secondary butyl or ''sec''-butyl: (preferred IUPAC name: butan-2-yl) The second isomer of butane, isobutane, can also connect in two ways, giving rise to two additional groups: * If it connects at one of the three terminal carbons, it is isobutyl: (preferred IUPAC name: 2-methylpropyl) * If it connects at the central carbon, it is tertiary butyl, ''tert''-butyl or ''t''-butyl: (preferred IUPAC name: ''tert''-butyl) Nomenclature According to IUPAC nomenclature, "isobutyl", "''sec''-butyl", and "''tert''-b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
