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MLB Lockout
MLB lockout may refer to one of the following lockouts or strike actions in Major League Baseball: * The 1972 Major League Baseball strike, which canceled 86 games * The 1973 Major League Baseball lockout, which cancelled no games * The 1976 Major League Baseball lockout, which cancelled no games * The 1980 Major League Baseball strike, which cancelled no games * The 1981 Major League Baseball strike, which cancelled 713 games * The 1985 Major League Baseball strike, which cancelled no games * The 1990 Major League Baseball lockout, which cancelled no games but postponed 1990's opening day to April 9 * The 1994–95 Major League Baseball strike, which cancelled 938 games and the entire 1994 postseason, including the 1994 World Series * The 2021–22 Major League Baseball lockout, which cancelled no games but postponed 2022's opening day to April 7 See also * MLS lockout *NBA lockout The NBA lockout may refer to any of the four lockouts in the history of the National Baske ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lockout (industry)
A lockout is a work stoppage or denial of employment initiated by the management of a company during a labour dispute. In contrast to a strike, in which employees refuse to work, a lockout is initiated by employers or industry owners. Lockouts are usually implemented by simply refusing to admit employees onto company premises, and may include changing locks or hiring security guards for the premises. Other implementations include a fine for showing up, or a simple refusal of clocking in on the time clock. For these reasons, lockouts are referred to as the antithesis of strikes. Lockouts are common in major league sports, many of which operate as legalized cartels. In the United States and Canada, the National Football League, Major League Baseball, the National Basketball Association, and the National Hockey League have all experienced lockouts. Causes A lockout is generally an attempt to enforce specific terms of employment upon a group of employees during a dispute. It is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Opening Day
Opening Day is the day on which professional baseball leagues begin their regular season. For Major League Baseball (MLB) and most of the American minor leagues, this day typically falls during the first week of April, although in recent years it has occasionally fallen in the last week of March. In Nippon Professional Baseball, this day typically falls during the last week of March. For baseball fans, Opening Day serves as a symbol of rebirth; writer Thomas Boswell once penned a book titled, ''Why Time Begins on Opening Day''. Many feel that the occasion is a moment to forget last season, in that all teams begin anew with records. Pre-season exhibition games are usually played in the month before Opening Day, during spring training. A home opener is a team's first game of the season on their home field. Equivalents to Opening Day occur throughout the sport, including minor leagues, college baseball, high school, and youth leagues. Because MLB generally begins its season earli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sports Labor Disputes In The United States
Sport pertains to any form of competitive physical activity or game that aims to use, maintain, or improve physical ability and skills while providing enjoyment to participants and, in some cases, entertainment to spectators. Sports can, through casual or organized participation, improve participants' physical health. Hundreds of sports exist, from those between single contestants, through to those with hundreds of simultaneous participants, either in teams or competing as individuals. In certain sports such as racing, many contestants may compete, simultaneously or consecutively, with one winner; in others, the contest (a ''match'') is between two sides, each attempting to exceed the other. Some sports allow a "tie" or "draw", in which there is no single winner; others provide tie-breaking methods to ensure one winner and one loser. A number of contests may be arranged in a tournament producing a champion. Many sports leagues make an annual champion by arranging games in a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
NHL Lockout
The NHL lockout may refer to any of the four labour actions in the history of the National Hockey League: * The 1992 NHL strike, which postponed 30 games of the 1991–92 season * The 1994–95 NHL lockout, which cancelled many of the games of the 1994–95 season, including the All-Star Game and shortened the regular season to 48 games per team with no inter-conference games * The 2004–05 NHL lockout, which cancelled all of the games of the 2004–05 season * The 2012–13 NHL lockout, which cancelled many of the games of the 2012–13 season, including the All-Star Game and shortened the regular season to 48 games per team with no inter-conference games See also *MLB lockout *MLS lockout *NBA lockout *NFL lockout The NFL lockout may refer to any of the lockouts or strikes in the history of the National Football League: * The 1968 NFL strike/lockout, which lasted 12 days before the start of the 1968 season. * The 1970 NFL strike/lockout, which lasted a ... {{Spor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
NFL Lockout
The NFL lockout may refer to any of the lockouts or strikes in the history of the National Football League: * The 1968 NFL strike/lockout, which lasted 12 days before the start of the 1968 season. * The 1970 NFL strike/lockout, which lasted a few days in July 1970. * The 1974 NFL strike, which lasted for two months before the start of the 1974 season. * The 1982 NFL strike, which lasted for eight weeks, forced the 1982 season to be shortened to 9 games per team. * The 1987 NFL strike, which lasted for 24 days and forced the 1987 season to be shortened to 15 games per team. * The 2001 NFL referee lockout, which lasted until September 19 and an agreement was reached to end the 2 week lockout. * The 2011 NFL lockout, which lasted for over five months, resulted in cancellation of Pro Football Hall of Fame Game between the Chicago Bears and St. Louis Rams, but preserved the 2011 regular season. * The 2012 NFL referee lockout, which impacted the first few weeks of the 2012 N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
NBA Lockout
The NBA lockout may refer to any of the four lockouts in the history of the National Basketball Association: *The 1995 NBA lockout, which lasted for three months before the 1995–96 season. *The 1996 NBA lockout, which lasted for a couple of hours before the 1996–97 season. *The 1998–99 NBA lockout The 1998–99 NBA lockout was the third lockout of four in the history of the National Basketball Association (NBA). It lasted from July 1, 1998, to January 20, 1999, and forced the 1998–99 regular season to be shortened to 50 games per team ..., which lasted for more than six months and forced the 1998–99 season to be shortened to 50 regular season games per team and that season's All-Star Game to be canceled. *The 2011 NBA lockout, which lasted for five months and forced the 2011–12 season to be shortened to 66 regular season games per team. See also * MLB lockout * MLS lockout * NFL lockout * NHL lockout References {{Sport index lockout Lockout Sports labor d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MLS Lockout
The MLS Players Association, also referred to as the MLSPA, is the union of professional Major League Soccer players. The MLS Players Association serves as the exclusive collective bargaining agreements representative for all current players in MLS. History The MLS Players Association (formerly MLS Players Union) was formed in April 2003 after the conclusion of ''Fraser v. Major League Soccer''. The founding members of the MLSPA Executive Board included Landon Donovan, Tim Howard, Chris Klein, Alexi Lalas, and Ben Olsen. Prior to the CBA, players received no form of retirement benefits, and many players lacked basic health insurance. On December 14, 2017, The MLS Players Union changed its name to the MLS Players Association and launched a full re-branding campaign. Collective bargaining agreements First CBA (2005) After negotiating with MLS in 2003 and 2004, on December 1, 2004, the Players Association and MLS signed the first-ever collective bargaining agreement (CBA) coveri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2021–22 Major League Baseball Lockout
The 2021–22 Major League Baseball lockout was the ninth work stoppage in Major League Baseball (MLB) history. It began at 12:01 a.m. EST on December 2, 2021, after MLB owners voted unanimously to enact a lockout upon the expiration of the 2016 collective bargaining agreement (CBA) between the league and the Major League Baseball Players Association (MLBPA). It ended on March 10, 2022, with the signing of a new agreement. Issues raised between the league and union involved compensation for young players and limitations on tanking to receive higher selections in the MLB draft. On March 1, 2022, following over a week of daily negotiations between the two sides, and three months of on and off negotiations, MLB cancelled the first two series of the regular season. MLB and the MLBPA reached an agreement on a new five-year CBA on March 10. The new CBA salvaged the full 162-game 2022 season by delaying Opening Day from March 31 to April 7, with originally cancelle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ESPN
ESPN (originally an initialism for Entertainment and Sports Programming Network) is an American international basic cable sports channel owned by ESPN Inc., owned jointly by The Walt Disney Company (80%) and Hearst Communications (20%). The company was founded in 1979 by Bill Rasmussen along with his son Scott Rasmussen and Ed Eagan. ESPN broadcasts primarily from studio facilities located in Bristol, Connecticut. The network also operates offices and auxiliary studios in Miami, New York City, Las Vegas, Seattle, Charlotte, Washington, D.C., and Los Angeles. James Pitaro currently serves as chairman of ESPN, a position he has held since March 5, 2018, following the resignation of John Skipper on December 18, 2017. While ESPN is one of the most successful sports networks, there has been criticism of ESPN. This includes accusations of biased coverage, conflict of interest, and controversies with individual broadcasters and analysts. , ESPN reaches approximately 76 million te ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1994 World Series
The 1994 World Series was the scheduled championship series of Major League Baseball's (MLB) 1994 season. It was canceled due to a strike by the MLB Players Association. The cancelation marked the second time a World Series was not played in a given season and the first since 1904. Canceled playoffs This was to have been the first year of an expanded eight-team playoff system, with the American League (AL) and National League (NL) realigning into three divisions each (East, Central, and West) at the start of the 1994 season, and the addition of a wild card spot in each league. The NL champion was then supposed to be assigned home-field advantage in 1994 World Series, based on an annual rotation dating back to the mid-1930s in which the World Series opened in the NL city in even-numbered years and opened in the AL city in odd-numbered years. With the postseason canceled, the new playoff system did not go into effect until the 1995 postseason, and the annual World Series ro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1994–95 Major League Baseball Strike
The 1994–95 Major League Baseball strike was the eighth and longest work stoppage in baseball history, as well as the fourth in-season work stoppage in 22 years. The strike began on August 12, 1994, and resulted in the remainder of that season, including the postseason and the World Series, being canceled. This was the first time in ninety years, since 1904, that a World Series was not played. The strike was suspended on April 2, 1995, after 232 days, making it the longest such stoppage in MLB history and the longest work stoppage in major league professional sports at the time (breaking the record set by the 1981 strike, also in MLB). As a result of the 1994 Major League baseball strike, a total of 948 games were canceled, and MLB became the first-ever major American professional sports league to lose an entire postseason due to a labor dispute. Due to the strike, both the 1994 and 1995 seasons were not played to a complete 162 games; the strike began after the teams had pl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1990 Major League Baseball Lockout
The 1990 Major League Baseball lockout was the seventh work stoppage in baseball and, at the time, the second-longest since 1972. Beginning in February, the lockout lasted 32 days, virtually wiping out spring training, moving Opening Day back a week to April 9 and extending the season three days to accommodate the normal 162-game schedule. Background The five-year Basic Agreement between the players and owners was set to expire on December 31, 1989. During the buildup to the lockout, the two sides spent months trying to iron out long-standing disagreements over free agency and arbitration; following arbitrator determinations that the owners had colluded in suppressing player wages in the mid-1980s, with a more open labor market player remuneration had rapidly increased. By the end of the 1989 season, salaries for nine top players had reached the $3 million-a-year level. In 1988, national television broadcasting contracts had been negotiated which brought revenue to $1.5 billio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
