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Muhammad Khan Of Ganja
Muhammad Khan, Mammad Khan or Muhammad II of Ganja (, 1738–1780) was the third Khan of Ganja from 1768 to 1780 from the Ziyadoglu branch of the Qajar clan who ruled the Beylerbeylik of Karabakh as hereditary governors. Life He was born in 1738 to Shahverdi Khan and his wife Sharafjahan in Ganja. He deposed his elder brother Muhammad Hasan in 1778 and usurped the throne. Once came to power he eliminated all his relatives who could somehow interfere with him in state affairs. His younger brothers were forced to take refuge outside the khanate - Javad beg submitted to Ibrahim Khalil Khan of Karabakh, and Rahim beg went to Heraclius II. Mammad Khan then ordered his uncle Reza Qoli Khan, who recently arrived from Iran in 1779, to be blinded. Deposition Taking advantage of the situation in Ganja, Heraclius and Ibrahim Khalil made a pact and attacked Ganja on behalf of their puppet princes. Thus, at the beginning of 1780, the allied troops surrounded the Ganja fortress. The g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khan Of Ganja
The Ganja Khanate ( fa, خانات گنجه, translit=Khānāt-e Ganjeh, az, گنجه خنليغى, translit=Gəncə xanlığı, ) was a semi-independent Caucasian khanate that was established in Afsharid Iran and existed in the territory of what is modern-day Azerbaijan between 1747-1805. The principality was ruled by the dynasty of Ziyadoghlu (Ziyadkhanov) of Qajar extraction as governors under the Safavids and Nadir Shah. Shahverdi Solṭan Ziyad-oghlu Qajar became the khan of Ganja in 1554. Political history In the latter part of the 18th century, the Ganja khanate was one of the most economically prosperous polities in the Caucasus, benefiting from the strategic location of its capital on the regional crossroads. For this reason, two politically stronger neighbours, the Kingdom of Georgia and the Karabakh khanate, encroached on the independence of Ganja. From 1780 to 1783, the Ganja khanate was a condominium of Heraclius II of Georgia (represented by Prince Kaikhosro A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rahim Khan Of Ganja
Rahim Khan () was the fifth Khan of Ganja, who ruled only briefly in 1786. Life He was the youngest son of Shahverdi Khan of Ganja. He was forced to take refuge in Georgia when his half-brother Muhammad Khan of Ganja usurped the throne in 1778. He succeeded Hajji Beg in 1785 with help from Heraclius II. However, after death of Ahmad Khan Donboli in 1786, Ibrahim Khalil of Karabakh's major ally, later moved on to strengthen himself at the expense of Ganja. In the early spring of 1786, at the insistence of Ibrahim Khan, his brother-in-law the Avar Umma Khan, attacked Ganja and "having taken 5,000 rubles of indemnity from this city," failing to completely capture Ganja, retreated to Shusha, leaving, however, part of the troops near the river Kura. Later in May, Ibrahim Khalil himself arrived in vicinity of the city. On June 25, Ibrahim while keeping the city under siege, sent his envoy Hazrat Qoli bey (former governor of Ganja for Karabakh) to Tiflis to Heraclius and offered him to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1780 Deaths
Year 178 ( CLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Scipio and Rufus (or, less frequently, year 931 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 178 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * Bruttia Crispina marries Commodus, and receives the title of '' Augusta''. * Emperor Marcus Aurelius and his son Commodus arrive at Carnuntum in Pannonia, and travel to the Danube to fight against the Marcomanni. Asia * Last (7th) year of ''Xiping'' era and start of ''Guanghe'' era of the Chinese Han Dynasty. * In India, the decline of the Kushan Empire begins. The Sassanides take over Central Asia. Religion * The Montanist heresy is condemned for the first time. Births * Lü Meng, Chinese general (d. 220) * P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baku
Baku (, ; az, Bakı ) is the capital and largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and of the Caucasus region. Baku is located below sea level, which makes it the lowest lying national capital in the world and also the largest city in the world located below sea level. Baku lies on the southern shore of the Absheron Peninsula, alongside the Bay of Baku. Baku's urban population was estimated at two million people as of 2009. Baku is the primate city of Azerbaijan—it is the sole metropolis in the country, and about 25% of all inhabitants of the country live in Baku's metropolitan area. Baku is divided into twelve administrative raions and 48 townships. Among these are the townships on the islands of the Baku Archipelago, and the town of Oil Rocks built on stilts in the Caspian Sea, away from Baku. The Inner City of Baku, along with the Shirvanshah's Palace and Maiden Tower, were inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2000. The c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mammad Hasan Agha Javanshir
Mammad Hasan agha Sarijali Javanshir ( az, Məhəmmədhəsən ağa Sarıcalı-Cavanşir) was a military leader and major-general of the Russian army, son and heir of Ibrahimkhalil khan of Karabakh, father of major-general, public figure and poet Jafargulu agha Javanshir also ancestor of famous Azerbaijani singer Khan Shushinski. He was born in 1766, Shusha as first son of Ibrahim Khalil Khan and his principal wife Khanum agha (also known as Nana Khanim) from Jabrayilli clan. Life He led a 500 strong cavalry in pursuit of his cousin Muhammad bey (son of Mehrali bey) who seized rulership of Karabakh during chaos ensued Agha Muhammad Khan's death in 1797. After the outbreak of the Russo-Persian War in 1804, his relations soured with his father following Fatali Shah's favorite and his half-brother Abulfat agha Javanshir's arrival from Iran. Since he was born of a "temporary wife" but had a royal favor, Mammad Hasan felt threatened allied with his other 'legitimate' half-brothers ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gazikumukh Khanate
Gazikumukh Khanate was a Lak state that was established in present-day Dagestan after the disintegration of Gazikumukh Shamkhalate in 1642. Its peoples included various Lezgin tribes and Avars. State structure Supreme council Khanate was ruled by the supreme council known as "Kat" in Lak or "Divan" where viziers, main qadis, warlords and the ruler participated in the meetings. Local governments consisted of jama'at, council of chiefs, judge and executor. Police functions were performed by the khan's noukers. Territory The state of Laks consisted of one Lakia that was divided into such territories as "Kullal", "Uri-Mukarki", "Machaymi", "Vitskhi", "Gumuchi" and "Bartki". Khalklavchi Alibek II Election After the transfer of the capital of shamkhalate to Tarki, in Gazi-Kumukh was ruled by the supreme council.Казикумухские и кюринские ханы. ССКГ. Вып. II. СПб. 1868. In 1642 Alibek II, son of Tuchilav, son of Alibek I, son of Chopan-shamkha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shusha Fortress
The Shusha fortress ( az, Şuşa qalası) or Shushi fortress ( hy, Շուշիի բերդ) is a fortress surrounding the historical centre of Shusha, also called Shushi. Newly established castle town was called "''Panahabad fortress''" named after Panah Ali Khan who was the founder of the fort. In later years, the city was just called "''Fortress''". The name of Shusha was probably derived from a nearby Armenian village called Shosh or Shushikent. The area where the Shusha fortress was built is a mountainous plateau in the form of amphitheater from the west with numerous hills and rifts. The highest area of plateau is 1600 m and the lowest area is 1300 m above sea level. At present, the territory of Shusha city consists of plateau with a hill located lengthwise in its center. The architecture of Shusha fortress represents basic principles of architecture of feudal period in terms of both the choice of location, structural planning and the artistic appearance of the fort. Shusha f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
High Court Judge (England And Wales)
A Justice of the High Court, commonly known as a ‘High Court judge’, is a judge of the High Court of Justice of England and Wales, and represents the third highest level of judge in the courts of England and Wales. High Court judges are referred to as puisne (pronounced ''puny'') judges. High Court Judges wear red and black robes. High Court judges rank below Justices of Appeal, but above circuit judges. Title and form of address Upon appointment, male High Court judges are appointed Knights Bachelor and female judges made Dames Commander of the Order of the British Empire. In court, a High Court judge is referred to as ''My Lord'' or ''Your Lordship'' if male, or as ''My Lady'' or ''Your Ladyship'' if female. High Court judges use the title in office of ''Mr Justice'' for men or, normally, ''Mrs Justice'' for women, even if unmarried. When Alison Russell was appointed in 2014, she took the title "Ms Justice Russell". The style of ''The Honourable'' (or ''The Hon'') i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kaikhosro Andronikashvili
Kaykhusraw, Kaykhosrow, Kay Khosrow, Kaikhosro, Kaikhosrow, Kai Khusraw, Kay Khusrau, or Kay Khusraw ( fa, کیخسرو) may refer to one of the following persons, named after the legendary Persian warrior Kai Khosrow: * Kaykhusraw I (died 1211), Seljuq Sultan of Rum * Kaykhusraw II (died 1246), Seljuq Sultan of Rum * Kaykhusraw III (died 1284), Seljuq Sultan of Rum * Kay Khusraw ibn Yazdagird (died 1328), Bavandid king in Mazandaran * Amir Ghiyas al-Din Kai-Khusrau (died 1338/9), Injuid ruler * Kaikhosro II Jaqeli (died 1573), atabeg of the Principality of Samtskhe * Kaikhosro, Prince of Mukhrani (died 1629), prince of the House of Mukhrani * Kaikhosro I Gurieli (died 1660), member of the House of Gurieli * Kaikhosro II Gurieli (died 1689), member of the House of Gurieli * Kaikhosro III Gurieli (died c. 1751), member of the House of Gurieli * Kaikhosro IV Gurieli (died 1829), member of the House of Gurieli * Kaikhosro of Kartli (died 1711), Safavid commander-in-chief, Safavid-appoi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iran
Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmenistan to the north, by Afghanistan and Pakistan to the east, and by the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf to the south. It covers an area of , making it the 17th-largest country. Iran has a population of 86 million, making it the 17th-most populous country in the world, and the second-largest in the Middle East. Its largest cities, in descending order, are the capital Tehran, Mashhad, Isfahan, Karaj, Shiraz, and Tabriz. The country is home to one of the world's oldest civilizations, beginning with the formation of the Elamite kingdoms in the fourth millennium BC. It was first unified by the Medes, an ancient Iranian people, in the seventh century BC, and reached its territorial height in the sixth century BC, when Cyrus the Great fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heraclius II Of Georgia
Heraclius II ( ka, ერეკლე II), also known as Erekle II and The Little Kakhetian ( ka, პატარა კახი ) (7 November 1720 or 7 October 1721 C. ToumanoffHitchins, KeithHeraclius II. ''Encyclopædia Iranica Online edition – Iranica.com''. Retrieved on April 21, 2007.] – 11 January 1798), was a Georgia (country), Georgian List of Georgian monarchs, monarch of the Bagrationi dynasty, reigning as the king of Kakheti from 1744 to 1762, and of Kartli and Kakheti from 1762 until 1798. In the contemporary Persian sources he is referred to as Erekli Khan (), while Russians knew him as Irakly (). His name is frequently transliterated in a Latinized form Heraclius because both names Erekle and Irakli are Georgian versions of this Greek name. From being granted the kingship of Kakheti by his overlord Nader Shah in 1744 as a reward for his loyalty,Ronald Grigor Suny"The Making of the Georgian Nation"Indiana University Press, 1994. p 55 to becoming the penult ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karabakh
Karabakh ( az, Qarabağ ; hy, Ղարաբաղ, Ġarabaġ ) is a geographic region in present-day southwestern Azerbaijan and eastern Armenia, extending from the highlands of the Lesser Caucasus down to the lowlands between the rivers Kura (Caspian Sea), Kura and Aras River, Aras. It is conventionally divided into three regions: Highland Karabakh, Lowland Karabakh (the steppes between the Kura (Caspian Sea), Kura and Aras river, Aras rivers), and the eastern slopes of the Zangezur Mountains (roughly Syunik Province, Syunik and Kalbajar–Lachin Economic Region, Kalbajar–Lachin).Robert H. Hewsen, Hewsen, Robert H. "The Meliks of Eastern Armenia: A Preliminary Study," ''Revue des Études Arméniennes'' 9 (1972), p. 289, note 17. Etymology The Russian language, Russian name , Romanization of Russian, transliterated , derives from the Azerbaijani language, Azerbaijani , which is generally believed to be a compound of the Turkic language, Turkic word ''kara'' (black) and the Irania ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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