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Modern Animation In The United States
Modern animation in the United States from the late 1980s to 2004 is frequently referred to as the renaissance age of American animation. During this period, many large American entertainment companies reformed and reinvigorated their animation departments, following the dark age, and the United States had an influence on global and worldwide animation. Many companies originating in the golden age of American animation experienced newfound critical and commercial success. During the Disney Renaissance, The Walt Disney Company went back to producing critically and commercially successful animated films based on well-known stories, just as principal co-founder Walt Disney had done during his lifetime. Disney also began producing successful animated television shows, a then-first for the company, which led to the creation and launch of Disney Channel. Warner Bros. produced highly successful animated cartoon television series inspired by their classic ''Looney Tunes'' cartoons, wh ...
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Animation
Animation is a filmmaking technique whereby still images are manipulated to create moving images. In traditional animation, images are drawn or painted by hand on transparent celluloid sheets to be photographed and exhibited on film. Animation has been recognised as an artistic medium, specifically within the entertainment industry. Many animations are either traditional animations or computer animations made with computer-generated imagery (CGI). Stop motion animation, in particular claymation, has continued to exist alongside these other forms. Animation is contrasted with live action, although the two do not exist in isolation. Many moviemakers have produced films that are a hybrid of the two. As CGI increasingly approximates photographic imagery, filmmakers can easily composite 3D animations into their film rather than using practical effects for showy visual effects (VFX). General overview Computer animation can be very detailed 3D animation, while 2D c ...
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Viacom (1952–2005)
The first incarnation of Viacom Inc. (derived from "Video & Audio Communications") was an American mass media and entertainment conglomerate (company), conglomerate based in New York City. It began as CBS Television Film Sales, the broadcast syndication division of the CBS television network in 1952; it was renamed CBS Films in 1958, renamed CBS Enterprises in 1968, renamed Viacom in 1970, and Corporate spin-off, spun off into its own company in 1971. Viacom was a distributor of CBS television series throughout the 1970s and 1980s, and also distributed syndicated television programs. The company came under Sumner Redstone's control in 1987 through his cinema chain company National Amusements. At the time of its split, Viacom's assets included the CBS and UPN broadcast networks, the Paramount Pictures film and Paramount Television (original), television studio, local radio station operator CBS Radio, cable channels such as MTV, Nickelodeon, Comedy Central, BET and Showtime (TV ne ...
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Don Bluth
Donald Virgil Bluth ( ; born September 13, 1937) is an American filmmaker, animator, video game designer and author. He came to prominence working for Walt Disney Animation Studios, Walt Disney Productions before creating his own film studio in the early 1980s. Bluth is known for directing the animated films ''The Secret of NIMH'', ''An American Tail'', ''The Land Before Time (film), The Land Before Time'', ''All Dogs Go to Heaven'', ''Thumbelina (1994 film), Thumbelina'', ''Anastasia (1997 film), Anastasia'' and ''Titan A.E.'', and for his involvement in the Laserdisc game, LaserDisc games ''Dragon's Lair (1983 video game), Dragon's Lair'' and ''Space Ace''. Don Bluth Entertainment, Don Bluth Productions hired many animators away from Disney, and Bluth's films were a major competitor to Disney in the 1980s, leading up to the Disney Renaissance. Early life Bluth was born on September 13, 1937 in El Paso, Texas, to Emaline (née Pratt) and Virgil Roneal Bluth. His maternal grandf ...
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Computer Animation
Computer animation is the process used for digitally generating Film, moving images. The more general term computer-generated imagery (CGI) encompasses both still images and moving images, while computer animation refers to moving images. Virtual cinematography, Modern computer animation usually uses 3D computer graphics. Computer animation is a digital successor to stop motion and traditional animation. Instead of a physical model or illustration, a digital equivalent is manipulated frame-by-frame. Also, computer-generated animations allow a single graphic artist to produce such content without using actors, expensive set pieces, or Theatrical property, props. To create the illusion of movement, an image is displayed on the computer monitor and repeatedly replaced by a new similar image but advanced slightly in time (usually at a rate of 24, 25, or 30 frames/second). This technique is identical to how the illusion of movement is achieved with television and Film, motion pictur ...
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Traditional Animation
Traditional animation (or classical animation, cel animation, or hand-drawn animation) is an animation technique in which each frame is drawing, drawn by hand. The technique was the dominant form of animation of the 20th century, until there was a shift to computer animation in the industry, such as Traditional animation#Modern process, digital ink and paint, a modern form of traditional animation methods, and 3D computer animation. Process Writing and storyboarding Animation production usually begins after a story is converted into an animation film script, from which a storyboard is derived. A storyboard has an appearance somewhat similar to comic book panels, and is a shot by shot breakdown of the staging, acting and any camera moves that will be present in the film. The images allow the animation team to plan the flow of the Plot (narrative), plot and the composition of the imagery. Storyboard artists will have regular meetings with the film director, director and may redra ...
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DreamWorks Pictures
DreamWorks Pictures (also known as DreamWorks SKG and commonly referred to as DreamWorks) is an American film studio and Film distribution, distribution label of Amblin Partners. It was originally founded on October 12, 1994, as a live-action and animation film studio by Steven Spielberg, Jeffrey Katzenberg, and David Geffen (which together form the SKG of DreamWorks SKG), of which they owned 72%. The studio formerly distributed its own and third-party films. It has produced or distributed more than ten films with box-office grosses of more than $100 million each. DreamWorks Pictures was sold to Viacom (1952–2006), Viacom, parent of Paramount Pictures in February 2006 (this version is now named DW Studios). In 2008, DreamWorks announced its intention to end its partnership with Paramount and made a deal to produce films with India's Reliance Anil Dhirubhai Ambani Group, re-creating DreamWorks Pictures as an independent entity. The following year, DreamWorks entered into a dist ...
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DreamWorks Animation
DreamWorks Animation LLC (DWA, also known as DreamWorks Animation Studios or simply DreamWorks) is an American animation studio, owned by Comcast's NBCUniversal as part of Universal Pictures, a division of Universal Studios, Inc, Universal Studios. The studio has produced List of DreamWorks Animation productions#Feature films, 51 feature films. Its first film, ''Antz'', was released on October 2, 1998, and its latest film, How to Train Your Dragon (2025 film), the live-action remake of ''How to Train Your Dragon'', was released on June 13, 2025. Their upcoming slate of films includes ''The Bad Guys 2'' on August 1, 2025, ''Gabby's Dollhouse: The Movie'' on September 26, 2025, ''Forgotten Island'' on September 25, 2026, ''Shrek 5'' on December 23, 2026, the How to Train Your Dragon (2025 film)#Sequel, live-action remake of ''How to Train Your Dragon 2'' on June 11, 2027, ''Cocomelon: The Movie'' in 2027, and an untitled film on September 22, 2028. Formed as a division of DreamWor ...
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Computer-generated Imagery
Computer-generated imagery (CGI) is a specific-technology or application of computer graphics for creating or improving images in Digital art, art, Publishing, printed media, Training simulation, simulators, videos and video games. These images are either static (i.e. still images) or dynamic (i.e. moving images). CGI both refers to 2D computer graphics and (more frequently) 3D computer graphics with the purpose of designing characters, virtual worlds, or scenes and Visual effects, special effects (in films, television programs, commercials, etc.). The application of CGI for creating/improving animations is called ''computer animation'', or ''CGI animation''. History The first feature film to use CGI as well as the composition of live-action film with CGI was ''Vertigo (film), Vertigo'', which used abstract computer graphics by John Whitney (animator), John Whitney in the opening credits of the film. The first feature film to make use of CGI with live action in the storyline of ...
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Toy Story
''Toy Story'' is a 1995 American animated adventure comedy film produced by Pixar Animation Studios for Walt Disney Pictures. It is the first installment in the Toy Story (franchise), ''Toy Story'' franchise and the Firsts in animation, first entirely computer-animated feature film, as well as the first feature film from Pixar. The film was directed by John Lasseter, written by Joss Whedon, Andrew Stanton, Joel Cohen (writer), Joel Cohen, and Alec Sokolow based on a story by Lasseter, Stanton, Pete Docter, and Joe Ranft, produced by Bonnie Arnold and Ralph Guggenheim, and features the voices of Tom Hanks, Tim Allen, Annie Potts, John Ratzenberger, Don Rickles, Wallace Shawn, and Jim Varney. Taking place in a world where toys come to life when humans are not present, the plot of ''Toy Story'' focuses on the relationship between an old-fashioned pullstring cowboy doll named Sheriff Woody, Woody and a modern space cadet action figure, Buzz Lightyear, as Woody develops jealousy t ...
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Pixar
Pixar (), doing business as Pixar Animation Studios, is an American animation studio based in Emeryville, California, known for its critically and commercially successful computer-animated feature films. Pixar is a subsidiary of Walt Disney Studios, a division of Disney Entertainment, a segment of the Walt Disney Company. Pixar started in 1979 as part of the Lucasfilm computer division. It was known as the Graphics Group before its spin-off as a corporation in 1986, with funding from Apple co-founder Steve Jobs, who became its majority shareholder. Disney announced its acquisition of Pixar in January 2006, and completed it in May 2006. Pixar is best known for its feature films, technologically powered by RenderMan, the company's own implementation of the industry-standard RenderMan Interface Specification image-rendering API. The studio's mascot is Luxo Jr., a desk lamp from the studio's 1986 short film of the same name. Pixar has produced 28 feature films, wit ...
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Nicktoons
Nicktoons is the brand name used by Nickelodeon for their original animated series. All Nicktoons are produced partly at the Nickelodeon Animation Studio and list Nickelodeon's parent company (Paramount Global) in their copyright bylines. Since its launch in the late 1970s, Nickelodeon's schedule incorporated animation produced by other companies. The channel did not invest in its own original cartoon series until 1989 when producer Vanessa Coffey visited Los Angeles to accept pitches from local animators. Geraldine Laybourne, the channel's then-president, greenlit three pitches for full series: ''Doug (TV series), Doug'', ''Rugrats'', and ''The Ren & Stimpy Show''. On August 11, 1991, the three cartoons premiered as part of a 90-minute block, becoming the first branded Nicktoons. In contrast to the merchandise-based cartoons that dominated the 1980s animation industry, Vanessa Coffey and Geraldine Laybourne agreed that the Nicktoons should be creator-driven: based on original ch ...
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