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Mobile Application Part
The Mobile Application Part (MAP) is an SS7 protocol that provides an application layer for the various nodes in GSM and UMTS mobile core networks and GPRS core networks to communicate with each other in order to provide services to users. The Mobile Application Part is the application-layer protocol used to access the Home Location Register, Visitor Location Register, Mobile Switching Center, Equipment Identity Register, Authentication Centre, Short message service center and Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN). Facilities provided The primary facilities provided by MAP are: * Mobility Services: location management (to support roaming), authentication, managing service subscription information, fault recovery, * Operation and Maintenance: subscriber tracing, retrieving a subscriber's IMSI * Call Handling: routing, managing calls whilst roaming, checking that a subscriber is available to receive calls * Supplementary Services * Short Message Service * Packet Data Protoco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Signaling System 7
Signalling System No. 7 (SS7) is a set of telephony signaling protocols developed in the 1970s that is used to setup and teardown telephone calls on most parts of the global public switched telephone network (PSTN). The protocol also performs number translation, local number portability, prepaid billing, Short Message Service (SMS), and other services. The protocol was introduced in the Bell System in the United States by the name ''Common Channel Interoffice Signaling'' in the 1970s for signaling between No. 4ESS switch and No. 4A crossbar toll offices. The SS7 protocol is defined for international use by the Q.700-series recommendations of 1988 by the ITU-T. Of the many national variants of the SS7 protocols, most are based on variants standardized by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI). National variants with striking characteristics are the Chinese and Japanese Telecommunication Technology Com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Advanced Mobile Phone System
Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS) was an analog mobile phone system standard originally developed by Bell Labs and later modified in a cooperative effort between Bell Labs and Motorola. It was officially introduced in the Americas on October 13, 1983,Private Line and was deployed in many other countries too, including Israel in 1986, Australia in 1987, Singapore in 1988, and Pakistan in 1990. It was the primary analog mobile phone system in North America (and other locales) through the 1980s and into the 2000s. As of February 18, 2008, carriers in the United States were no longer required to support AMPS and companies ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mobile Switching Center
Network switching subsystem (NSS) (or GSM core network) is the component of a GSM system that carries out call out and mobility management functions for mobile phones roaming on the network of base stations. It is owned and deployed by mobile phone operators and allows mobile devices to communicate with each other and telephones in the wider public switched telephone network (PSTN). The architecture contains specific features and functions which are needed because the phones are not fixed in one location. The NSS originally consisted of the circuit-switched core network, used for traditional GSM services such as voice calls, SMS, and circuit switched data calls. It was extended with an overlay architecture to provide packet-switched data services known as the GPRS core network. This allows GSM mobile phones to have access to services such as WAP, MMS and the Internet. Mobile switching center (MSC) Description The mobile switching center (MSC) is the primary service deli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Packet Switching
In telecommunications, packet switching is a method of grouping Data (computing), data into short messages in fixed format, i.e. ''network packet, packets,'' that are transmitted over a digital Telecommunications network, network. Packets consist of a header (computing), header and a payload (computing), payload. Data in the header is used by networking hardware to direct the packet to its destination, where the payload is extracted and used by an operating system, application software, or Protocol stack, higher layer protocols. Packet switching is the primary basis for data communications in computer networks worldwide. During the early 1960s, American engineer Paul Baran developed a concept he called ''distributed adaptive message block switching'', with the goal of providing a fault-tolerant, efficient routing method for telecommunication messages as part of a research program at the RAND Corporation, funded by the United States Department of Defense. His ideas contradicted t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Circuit Switching
Circuit switching is a method of implementing a telecommunications network in which two network nodes establish a dedicated communications channel ( circuit) through the network before the nodes may communicate. The circuit guarantees the full bandwidth of the channel and remains connected for the duration of the communication session. The circuit functions as if the nodes were physically connected as with an electrical circuit. Circuit switching originated in analog telephone networks where the network created a dedicated circuit between two telephones for the duration of a telephone call. It contrasts with message switching and packet switching used in modern digital networks in which the trunklines between switching centres carry data between many different nodes in the form of data packets without dedicated circuits. Description The defining example of a circuit-switched network is the early analogue telephone network. When a call is made from one telephone to ano ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yate (telephony Engine)
Yate ( Yet Another Telephony Engine ) is a free and open source communications software with support for video, voice and instant messaging. It is an extensible IP PBX under the GPLv2 with linking exception license. It is written in C++ with a modular design, allowing the use of scripting languages like Perl, Python and PHP to create external functionality. History In 2004, NullTeam, the company behind Yate, launched the official website. In 2005 Sangoma announced their support for Yate development on the Microsoft Windows platform. On May 4, 2011, sipgate announced that it had chosen the Yate project for its core infrastructure. Yate version 5.0 was released in January 2014. Architecture Yate's architecture is based on a message passing system. The architecture can be divided into four main parts: * Core, where encapsulations for sockets, threads and other primitives can be found. * Message Engine, message-related classes, used to exchange data between modules. * Telepho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SIGTRAN
SIGTRAN is the name, derived from ''signaling transport'', of the former Internet Task Force (I) working group that produced specifications for a family of protocols that provide reliable datagram service and user layer adaptations for Signaling System and ISDN communications protocols. The SIGTRAN protocols are an extension of the SS7 protocol family, and they support the same application and call management paradigms as SS7. However, the SIGTRAN protocols use an Internet Protocol (IP) transport called Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP), instead of TCP or UDP. Indeed, the most significant protocol defined by the SIGTRAN group is SCTP, which is used to carry PSTN signaling over IP. The SIGTRAN group was significantly influenced by telecommunications engineers intent on using the new protocols for adapting IP networks to the PSTN with special regard to signaling applications. Recently, SCTP is finding applications beyond its original purpose wherever reliable datagram ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Signalling Connection Control Part
{{SS7stack The Signalling Connection Control Part (SCCP) is a network layer protocol that provides extended , flow control, segmentation, connection-orientation, and facilities in |
Internet Protocol
The Internet Protocol (IP) is the network layer communications protocol in the Internet protocol suite for relaying datagrams across network boundaries. Its routing function enables internetworking, and essentially establishes the Internet. IP has the task of delivering Packet (information technology), packets from the source Host (network), host to the destination host solely based on the IP addresses in the packet Header (computing), headers. For this purpose, IP defines packet structures that encapsulation (networking), encapsulate the data to be delivered. It also defines addressing methods that are used to label the datagram with source and destination information. IP was the connectionless datagram service in the original ''Transmission Control Program'' introduced by Vint Cerf and Bob Kahn in 1974, which was complemented by a connection-oriented service that became the basis for the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP). The Internet protocol suite is therefore often referre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Signalling System No
A signal is both the process and the result of transmission of data over some media accomplished by embedding some variation. Signals are important in multiple subject fields including signal processing, information theory and biology. In signal processing, a signal is a function that conveys information about a phenomenon. Any quantity that can vary over space or time can be used as a signal to share messages between observers. The '' IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing'' includes audio, video, speech, image, sonar, and radar as examples of signals. A signal may also be defined as observable change in a quantity over space or time (a time series), even if it does not carry information. In nature, signals can be actions done by an organism to alert other organisms, ranging from the release of plant chemicals to warn nearby plants of a predator, to sounds or motions made by animals to alert other animals of food. Signaling occurs in all organisms even at cellular levels, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transaction Capabilities Application Part
Transaction Capabilities Application Part, from ITU-T recommendations Q.771-Q.775 or ANSI T1.114 is a protocol for Signalling System 7 networks. Its primary purpose is to facilitate multiple concurrent dialogs between the same sub-systems on the same machines, using Transaction IDs to differentiate these, similar to the way TCP ports facilitate multiplexing connections between the same IP addresses on the Internet. TCAP uses ASN.1 BER encoding, as well as the protocols it encapsulates, namely MAP in mobile phone networks or INAP in Intelligent Networks. Overview TCAP messages are sent over the wire between machines. TCAP primitives are sent between the application and the local TCAP stack. All TCAP messages are primitives but there are primitives that are not messages. In other words, some are only transferred inside the local machine. A TCAP primitive is made up of one or more TCAP components. An ITU-T TCAP primitive may be one of the following types: A Begin primitive h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
3GPP2
The 3rd Generation Partnership Project 2 (3GPP2) was a collaboration between telecommunications associations to make a globally applicable third generation (3G) mobile phone system specification within the scope of the ITU's IMT-2000 project. In practice, 3GPP2 was the standardization group for CDMA2000, the set of 3G standards based on the earlier cdmaOne 2G CDMA technology. The participating associations were ARIB/TTC (Japan), China Communications Standards Association, Telecommunications Industry Association (North America) anTelecommunications Technology Association(South Korea). The agreement was established in December 1998. Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB) was a 3GPP2 project to develop a fourth-generation successor to CDMA2000. In November 2008, Qualcomm, UMB's lead sponsor, announced it was ending development of the technology, favoring LTE instead. 3GPP2 should not be confused with 3GPP; 3GPP is the standard body behind the Universal Mobile Telecommunications ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
