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Misogyny In Ice Hockey
Misogyny in ice hockey refers to the discourses, actions, and ideologies that are present in ice hockey, environments that contribute to the discrimination against women in the sport and their absence. This phenomenon includes issues related to sexism and male chauvinism. The social aspect of the sport supports issues related to misogyny, homophobia, xenophobia, and heteronormativity. The subject has been extensively discussed in both media and academia, with many women in the sport increasingly speaking out about the extent of misogyny in hockey and its negative impact on the sport. History Late 1800s to middle 1900s In the mid-1800s, the first game of modern ice hockey was played in Kingston, Ontario, Canada, but the first woman to play was Isobel Stanley in the late 1800s. In the early 1900s, the first women's ice hockey league was founded in Quebec, Canada. Hockey appeared to be a masculine sport due to the sport's violent fight and aggressive nature, therefore, women ...
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Misogyny
Misogyny () is hatred of, contempt for, or prejudice against women. It is a form of sexism that is used to keep women at a lower social status than men, thus maintaining the societal roles of patriarchy. Misogyny has been widely practiced for thousands of years. It is reflected in art, literature, human societal structure, historical events, mythology, philosophy, and religion worldwide. An example of misogyny is violence against women, which includes domestic violence and, in its most extreme forms, misogynist terrorism and femicide. Misogyny also often operates through sexual harassment, coercion, and psychological techniques aimed at controlling women, and by legally or socially excluding women from full citizenship. In some cases, misogyny rewards women for accepting an inferior status. Misogyny can be understood both as an attitude held by individuals, primarily by men, and as a widespread cultural custom or system. In feminist thought, misogyny also includes the reje ...
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Ladies Ontario Hockey Association
The Ladies Ontario Hockey Association (LOHA) was a women's ice hockey association in Ontario, Canada. It was founded in 1922, but faded during the Great Depression, as ice time for women's teams became rare and the number of member teams significantly decreased. History In the early 1920s, working class women sought increased control over the administration and organizational aspects of the sports they played, including ice hockey. On December 16, 1922, a meeting was held to announce the Ladies Ontario Hockey Association was formed. The organization was structured similarly to the Ontario Women's Softball Association in which women would run the organization but men would serve in an advisory capacity. During the December 16 meeting, Frank McEwen, president of the Toronto Hockey League, presided over the meeting. Members from ladies clubs in London, Ontario, and St. Thomas, Ontario, were present. There was a total of 20 teams in attendance. A letter from the Ottawa Alerts ladies ...
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Sundsvalls Tidning
Sundsvall Municipality ( sv, Sundsvalls kommun) is a municipality in Västernorrland County, northern Sweden, where the city Sundsvall is the seat. As most municipalities of Sweden, ''Sundsvalls kommun'' is a result of a series of amalgamations, carried out in 1952 and in the period 1965–1974. The number of original entities (existing in 1863) is thirteen. Localities Localities with more than 200 inhabitants include: * Vi, Sundsvall Municipality on Alnön, 4737 (2000) *Matfors, 3239 (2006) *Johannedal, 2596 (2000) * Kvissleby, 2535 (2000) *Stockvik, 2153 (2000) *Sundsbruk, 2080 (2000) * Njurundabommen, 1959 (2006) *Skottsund, 1011 (2000) *Svartvik, 999 (2000) * Dingersjö, 946 (2000) * Ankarsvik, 830 (2000) * Essvik, 810 (2000) * Indal, 687 (2000) * Fanbyn, 603 (2000) *Stöde, 543 (2006) * Vattjom, 499 (2006) * Kovland, 449 (2000) * Lucksta, 360 (2000) * Tunadal, 360 (2000) *Klingsta och Allsta, 313 (2000) *Juniskär, 306 (2000) *Nedansjö, 289 (2000) *Liden, 280 (2000) * ...
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Timrå IK
Timrå IK is a professional Swedish ice hockey team based in Timrå, north of Sundsvall. It competes in the Swedish Hockey League (SHL), which is the top-tier league in Sweden, since being promoted by winning 2021 SHL qualifiers. Previous seasons in the top Swedish division include 1956–57 to 1975–76, 1977–78, 1981–82, 2000–01 to 2012–13 and 2018–19. The team's home venue is NHC Arena with a capacity of 6,000 spectators. The club was founded on 11 Maj 1928 as a boxing club and started the ice hockey section in 1937. Timrå are historically traditional rivals with MoDo Hockey since they both are situated in Västernorrland County and are playing in the professional ice hockey leagues in Sweden. History The club origins from Wifstavarfs GIF, founded in 1921, later relaunched as Wifstavarvs IK, in 1928, and Östrands IF, founded in 1931. Both clubs started playing ice hockey in 1938 and in the summer of 1942 they merged into Wifsta/Östrands IF, more commonly c ...
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Modo Hockey Dam
MoDo Hockey Dam are an ice hockey team in the Swedish Women's Hockey League (SDHL), the top flight of women's hockey in Sweden. They play in Örnsköldsvik, in the historical province of Ångermanland on the east coast of Sweden, at the Hägglunds Arena. The club's junior side, Modo Hockey 2, plays in the North division of the Damettan. History The women's section of Modo Hockey was formed in 1968 under the name of Modo AIK, playing the first ever organised women's hockey match in Sweden against Timrå IK in 1969. As there was no organised league, the match was only a training match. The club finished in third place in the first official Swedish Championship, held in the 1987–88 season, and finished in second place a year later. The club would go on to become on the best in Sweden in the early 2000s, finishing in the playoff top-three for three consecutive years between 2000 and 2003, and eight years in a row between 2004 and 2012. The 2012 Riksserien season would a ...
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Brown University
Brown University is a private research university in Providence, Rhode Island. Brown is the seventh-oldest institution of higher education in the United States, founded in 1764 as the College in the English Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations. Brown is one of nine colonial colleges chartered before the American Revolution. Admissions at Brown is among the most selective in the United States. In 2022, the university reported a first year acceptance rate of 5%. It is a member of the Ivy League. Brown was the first college in the United States to codify in its charter that admission and instruction of students was to be equal regardless of their religious affiliation. The university is home to the oldest applied mathematics program in the United States, the oldest engineering program in the Ivy League, and the third-oldest medical program in New England. The university was one of the early doctoral-granting U.S. institutions in the late 19th century, adding masters ...
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Basketball
Basketball is a team sport in which two teams, most commonly of five players each, opposing one another on a rectangular Basketball court, court, compete with the primary objective of #Shooting, shooting a basketball (ball), basketball (approximately in diameter) through the defender's hoop (a basket in diameter mounted high to a Backboard (basketball), backboard at each end of the court, while preventing the opposing team from shooting through their own hoop. A Field goal (basketball), field goal is worth two points, unless made from behind the 3 point line, three-point line, when it is worth three. After a foul, timed play stops and the player fouled or designated to shoot a technical foul is given one, two or three one-point free throws. The team with the most points at the end of the game wins, but if regulation play expires with the score tied, an additional period of play (Overtime (sports), overtime) is mandated. Players advance the ball by bouncing it while walking ...
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Floor Hockey
Floor hockey is a broad term for several indoor floor game codes which involve two teams using a stick and type of ball or disk. Disks are either open or closed but both designs are usually referred to as "pucks". These games are played either on foot or with wheeled skates. Variants typically reflect the style of ice hockey, field hockey, bandy or some other combination of sport. Games are commonly known by various names including cosom hockey, ball hockey, floorball, or simply floor hockey. Two floor hockey variants involve the use of wheeled skates and are categorized as roller sports under the title of roller hockey. Quad hockey uses quad skates, commonly known as roller skates, and appears similar to bandy, while inline hockey uses inline skates and is of the ice hockey variation. All styles and codes are played on dry, flat floor surfaces such as a gymnasium or basketball court. As in other hockey codes, players on each team attempt to shoot a ball, disk or puck into a goa ...
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Ice Rink
An ice rink (or ice skating rink) is a frozen body of water and/or an artificial sheet of ice created using hardened chemicals where people can ice skate or play winter sports. Ice rinks are also used for exhibitions, contests and ice shows. The growth and increasing popularity of ice skating during the 1800s marked a rise in the deliberate construction of ice rinks in numerous areas of the world. The word "rink" is a word of Scottish origin meaning, "course" used to describe the ice surface used in the sport of curling, but was kept in use once the winter team sport of ice hockey became established. There are two types of ice rinks in prevalent use today: natural ice rinks, where freezing occurs from cold ambient temperatures, and artificial ice rinks (or mechanically frozen), where a coolant produces cold temperatures in the surface below the water, causing the water to freeze. There are also synthetic ice rinks where skating surfaces are made out of plastics. Besides rec ...
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Bandy Field
A bandy field or bandy rink is a large ice rink used for playing the team winter sport of bandy. Being about the size of a football pitch, it is substantially larger than an ice hockey rink. History Originally, bandy was played on naturally frozen ice, mainly on lakes. Teams often had to take time to go out and search for the best ice to use. Soon, ice started to be created on soccer pitches in the wintertime, allowing for a more safe place to play. This may be the reason the outer measurements are the same as for a soccer field. The first artificially frozen bandy field was created in Budapest, Hungary, in 1923. In the 1980s, indoor arenas started to be built, allowing for a longer season. The world's first indoor bandy arena, the Olimpiyskiy, was built in Moscow for the 1980 Summer Olympics but has hosted many bandy events since. Size The size of a bandy field is regulated in section 1.1 of the Bandy Playing Rules set up by the Federation of International Bandy It shall be rec ...
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Bandy
Bandy is a winter sport and ball sport played by two teams wearing ice skates on a large ice surface (either indoors or outdoors) while using sticks to direct a ball into the opposing team's goal. The international governing body for bandy is the Federation of International Bandy (FIB). The playing surface, called a bandy field or bandy rink, is a sheet of ice which measures 90–110 meters by 45–65 meters – about the size of a football pitch. The field is considerably larger than the ice rinks commonly used for ice hockey, rink bandy, or figure skating. The goal cage used in bandy is 3.5 m (11 ft) wide and 2.1 m (6 ft 11 in) high and is the largest one used by any organized winter team sport. The sport has a common background with association football (soccer), ice hockey, and field hockey. Bandy's origins are debatable, but its first rules were organized and published in England in 1882. Internationally, bandy's strongest nations in both men's and women's ...
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Ringette
Ringette is a contact sport, non-contact winter team sport played on ice hockey rinks using Ice skates#Ice hockey skates, ice hockey skates, straight sticks with drag-tips, and a #Equipment, blue, rubber, pneumatic ring designed for use on ice surfaces. The sport is among a small number of organized team sports created exclusively for female competitors. Though ice hockey rinks are used, #Ringette rink, ringette rinks use markings specific to ringette and the sport uses strategic play which more closely resembles basketball than ice hockey. The sport was created in Canada for girls in 1963 by Sam Jacks from West Ferris, Ontario and Red McCarthy from Espanola, Ontario. In 2018, over 50,000 players registered to play the sport. Ringette is played predominantly in Ringette in Canada, Canada and Ringette Finland, Finland with both countries forming the sport's top international teams on a regular basis. Several other countries currently organize and compete in the sport including Sw ...
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