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Merit Order Of The Bavarian Crown
The Order of Merit of the Bavarian Crown (german: Verdienstorden der Bayerischen Krone) was an order of merit of the Kingdom of Bavaria established by King Maximilian Joseph I on 19 March 1808. The motto of the order is Virtus et Honos ('Courage and Honour'). The order was awarded in several grades: * Grand Cross * Grand Commander * Commander * Knight * Medal in Gold * Medal in Silver History King Maximilian I Joseph, founded the order to reward civil servants of the state of all classes and other foreigners who were deserving of recognition of the Kingdom of Bavaria. It was created as a civil counterpart to the Military Order of Max Joseph. Both the orders brought non-noble recipients in the collection of personal nobility with the title " Ritter von". The Order of Merit of the Bavarian crown was initially founded with three grades Grand Cross, Commander, and Knight. King Maximilian II added the grade of Grand Commander in 1855. For each grade there was a fixed number of mem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
King Of Bavaria
King of Bavaria was a title held by the hereditary Wittelsbach rulers of Bavaria in the state known as the Kingdom of Bavaria from 1805 until 1918, when the kingdom was abolished. It was the second time Bavaria was a kingdom, almost a thousand years after the short-lived Carolingian kingdom of Bavaria. History Under the terms of the Treaty of Pressburg concluded 26 December 1805 between Napoleonic France and Holy Roman Emperor Francis II, several principalities allied to Napoleon were elevated to kingdoms. One of the staunchest of these had been the prince-elector of Bavaria, Maximilian IV Joseph, and on 1 January 1806, he formally assumed the title King Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria. He was a member of the Wittelsbach branch Palatinate-Birkenfeld-Zweibrücken. Maximilian's successors resisted German nationalism, and Bavaria became the protector of smaller states whose leaders felt threatened by Prussia or Austria in the German Confederation. Religious ties and the Upper ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bruno, Prince Of Ysenburg And Büdingen
''Bruno'' Casimir Albert Emil Ferdinand of Ysenburg and Büdingen (14 June 1837 – 26 January 1906) was the third Prince of Ysenburg and Büdingen. Bruno was the eldest son of Ernst Casimir II, 2nd Prince of Ysenburg and Büdingen and his wife Countess Thekla of Erbach-Fürstenau. Political career As a nobleman, Bruno was a member of the First Chamber of the Estates of the Grand Duchy of Hesse from 1861 to 1906. He served as its president first between 1878 and 1889, and second between 1889 and 1900. Marriage and issue Firstly, Bruno married Princess Mathilde of Solms-Hohensolms-Lich, daughter of Ferdinand, Prince of Solms-Hohensolms-Lich and his wife Countess Caroline of Collalto und San Salvatore, on 31 July 1862 in Lich. Bruno and Mathilde had two daughters before Mathilde's death on 11 September 1867: *Princess Hedwig of Ysenburg and Büdingen (1 November 1863 Büdingen – 1 July 1925 Ortenberg) : ∞ Botho, Prince of Stolberg-Rossla (1850–1893) on 27 September 18 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johannes Von Miquel
Johannes von Miquel (19 February 1828 – 8 September 1901) was a German statesman. Biography Born Johannes Franz Miquel at Neuenhaus, Kingdom of Hanover on 19 February 1828 as a descendant from a French family that had emigrated during the French Revolution, Miquel learnt law at the universities of Heidelberg and Göttingen. He studied the writings of Karl Marx and became a member of the illegal Communist League until 1852. Miquel was in close correspondence with Marx and active in the Revolutions of 1848–1849. In 1850 he settled down to practise as an advocate at Göttingen and began to distance himself from the communist labour movement. He acquired a reputation as an able lawyer and rising politician, especially for his knowledge of financial questions. He was one of the founders of the German National Association, and in 1863 he was elected a member of the Hanoverian parliament as a Liberal and an opponent of the government. He accepted the annexation of Hanover by Pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ludwig I Of Bavaria
en, Louis Charles Augustus , image = Joseph Karl Stieler - King Ludwig I in his Coronation Robes - WGA21796.jpg , caption = Portrait by Joseph Stieler, 1825 , succession=King of Bavaria , reign = , coronation = , predecessor = Maximilian I Joseph , successor = Maximilian II , birth_name = , birth_date = , birth_place =Strasbourg, Kingdom of France , death_date = , death_place =Nice, Second French Empire , spouse =Therese of Saxe-Hildburghausen , issue =Maximilian II of Bavaria Mathilde Caroline, Grand Duchess of Hesse and by RhineOtto of GreecePrincess TheodelindeLuitpold, Prince Regent of Bavaria Adelgunde, Duchess of Modena Archduchess Hildegard of Austria Princess Alexandra Prince Adalbert , house =Wittelsbach , father =Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria , mother =Princess Augusta Wilhelmine of Hesse-Darmstadt , religion =Roman Catholicism , burial_place ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leopold I Of Belgium
* nl, Leopold Joris Christiaan Frederik * en, Leopold George Christian Frederick , image = NICAISE Leopold ANV.jpg , caption = Portrait by Nicaise de Keyser, 1856 , reign = 21 July 1831 – , predecessor = Erasme Louis Surlet de Chokier (as Regent of Belgium) , successor = Leopold II , reg-type = , regent = , spouse = , issue = , house = , father = Francis, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld , mother = Countess Augusta Reuss of Ebersdorf , birth_date = , birth_place = Ehrenburg Palace, Coburg, Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, Holy Roman Empire (modern-day Germany) , death_date = , death_place = Castle of Laeken, Brussels, Belgium , burial_place = Church of Our Lady of Laeken , religion = Lutheran , module = , signature = Signatur Leopold I. (Belgien).PNG Leopold I (french: Léopold; 16 December 1790 – 10 December 1865) was the first king of the Belgians, reigning from 21 July ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maximilian Karl Lamoral O'Donnell
Maximilian Karl Lamoral Graf O’Donnell von Tyrconnell (29 October 1812 — 14 July 1895) was an Austrian officer and civil servant who became famous when he helped save the life of Emperor Franz Josef I of Austria. O'Donnell was a descendant of the Irish noble dynasty of O'Donnell of Tyrconnell.O'Domhnaill Abu (Spring 1987) ''O'Donnell Clan Newsletter'' no.7, (ISSN 0790-7389) Family background He was born in Goldegg, son of Count Maurice O'Donnell (Moritz Graf O'Donnell) (1780–1843), the 7th generation descendant of Conn Oge O'Donnell, and Christine (4 January 1788 – 19 May 1867), the legitimate daughter of Charles Joseph, Prince de Ligne. He married Franziska Wagner, who was not of noble birth, and the marriage was frowned upon. He died in his home in Salzburg and is buried in the Salzburg Cemetery. Military career He was educated in Dresden, then joined the military and served in several engagements in Europe, including in Italy in 1848, and Hungary in 1849, resulting ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Konstantin Of Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst
The first name Konstantin () is a derivation from the Latin name ''Constantinus'' (Constantine) in some European languages, such as Russian and German. As a Christian given name, it refers to the memory of the Roman emperor Constantine the Great. A number of notable persons in the Byzantine Empire, and (via mediation by the Christian Eastern Orthodox Church) in Russian history and earlier East Slavic history are often referred to by this name. "Konstantin" means "firm, constant". There is a number of variations of the name throughout European cultures: * Константин (Konstantin) in Russian (diminutive Костя/Kostya), Bulgarian (diminutives Косьо/Kosyo, Коце/Kotse) and Serbian * Костянтин (Kostiantyn) in Ukrainian (diminutive Костя/Kostya) * Канстанцін (Kanstantsin) in Belarusian * Konstantinas in Lithuanian * Konstantīns in Latvian * Konstanty in Polish (diminutive Kostek) * Constantin in Romanian (diminutive Costel), French * K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prince Karl Theodor Of Bavaria
en, Charles Theodore Maximilian Augustus , spouse = , issue = , house = Wittelsbach , father = Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria , mother = Princess Augusta Wilhelmine of Hesse-Darmstadt , birth_date = , birth_place = Munich, Bavaria , death_date = , death_place = Tegernsee, Bavaria , burial_place= Prince Karl Theodor Maximilian August of Bavaria (7 July 1795 – 16 August 1875); and grand prior of the order of Malta, was a German soldier. Early life Charles was born in Munich on 7 July 1795. He was the second son of King Maximilian I of Bavaria and his first wife Princess Augusta Wilhelmine of Hesse-Darmstadt. Career Charles fought against Napoleon at the Battle of Hanau in 1813, became a general of division, and took part in the Campaign of 1814. His differences with Prince Wrede led to his retirement from 1822 till some time after the latter's death in 1838, when his brother King Ludwig I of Bavaria appointed him field marsh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heinrich Von Heß
Heinrich Hermann Josef Freiherr von Heß (alternatively: von Hess) (17 March 1788, Vienna – 13 April 1870, Vienna), was an Austrian soldier and field marshal, who entered the army in 1805 and was soon employed as a staff officer on survey work. He distinguished himself as a subaltern at Aspern and Wagram, and in 1813, as captain, again served on the staff. In 1815, he was with Karl Philipp, Prince of Schwarzenberg. He had, in the interval between the two wars, been employed as a military commissioner in Piedmont, and at the peace resumed this post, gaining knowledge which later prover invaluable to the Austrian army. In 1831, when Radetzky became commander-in-chief in Austrian Italy, he took Heß as his chief of staff. This began the connection between two famous soldiers which, like that of Blücher and Gneisenau, is a classical example of harmonious co-operation between commander and chief of staff. Heß put into shape Radetzky's military ideas, in the form of new drill ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georg Von Hertling
Georg Friedrich Karl Freiherr von Hertling, from 1914 Count von Hertling, (31 August 1843 – 4 January 1919) was a German politician of the Catholic Centre Party. He was foreign minister and minister president of Bavaria, then chancellor of the German Reich and minister president of Prussia from 1 November 1917 to 30 September 1918. He was the first party politician to hold the two offices; all the others were non-partisan. Hertling's Catholicism played an important role in both his academic and political life. He belonged to the conservative wing of the Centre party and resisted moves towards making the government dependent on the will of parliament rather than on the emperor, a stance that helped bring down his government in the final months of World War I. Education and non-political activities Hertling came from a Catholic family of civil servants from the Grand Duchy of Hesse. He was born in Darmstadt, the son of the Hessian court councilor Jakob Freiherr von Hertling ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hermann, Fürst Von Pückler-Muskau
Prince Hermann Ludwig Heinrich von Pückler-Muskau (; born as Count Pückler, from 1822 Prince; 30 October 1785 – 4 February 1871) was a German nobleman, renowned as an accomplished artist in landscape gardening, as well as the author of a number of books mainly centering around his travels in Europe and Northern Africa, published under the pen name of "Semilasso". Life Pückler-Muskau was the first of five children of Count Carl Ludwig Hans Erdmann Pückler, and the Countess Clementine of Callenberg, who gave birth to him at age 15. He was born at Muskau Castle (now Bad Muskau) in Upper Lusatia, then ruled by the Electorate of Saxony. He served for some time in the Saxon "Garde du Corps" cavalry regiment at Dresden, and afterwards traveled through France and Italy, often by foot. In 1811, after the death of his father, he inherited the ''Standesherrschaft'' (barony) of Muskau. Joining the war of liberation against Napoleon I of France, he left Muskau under the General ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heinrich VII, Prince Reuss Of Köstritz
Heinrich VII, Prince Reuss of Köstritz (german: Heinrich VII. Reuß zu Köstritz; 14 July 1825, Klipphausen – 2 May 1906, Trzebiechów) was a German diplomat. Early life Prince Heinrich VII Reuss of Köstritz was born in 1825 as the fifth child and third son of Prince Heinrich LXIII, Prince Reuss of Köstritz and his first wife, Countess Eleonore of Stolberg-Wernigerode (1801-1827). Biography From 1845 to 1848 he studied law at Ruprecht Karls University of Heidelberg and Humboldt University of Berlin. He then joined the 8th Lancers Regiment. From 1853, he pursued a diplomatic career. From 1854 to 1863 he worked as a diplomat (''Legationsrat'') in the Prussian embassy in Paris. Then he was sent as Prussian royal ambassador to Kassel, and later to Munich. On 5 February 1868 he was posted as envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary of the North German Confederation to the Russian court at St. Petersburg by William I, who was still King of Prussia at that t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
