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Max Verworn
Max Richard Constantin Verworn (4 November 1863 – 23 November 1921) was a German physiologist who was a native of Berlin. He studied medicine and natural sciences in Berlin, and later moved to Jena, where he furthered his studies with Ernst Haeckel (1834–1919) and William Thierry Preyer (1841–1897). In 1895 he became a professor at the University of Jena, and in 1901 a professor at the physiological institute at Göttingen. Later, as successor to Eduard Pflüger (1829-1910), he became a professor at the University of Bonn (1910). In 1902 he founded the journal ''Zeitschrift für Allgemeine Physiologie'' (Journal of General Physiology), and was its publisher until his death in 1921. Max Verworn is remembered for his research in the field of experimental physiology, and especially for his work involving cellular physiology. He did extensive studies of the elementary physiological processes that take place in muscle tissue, nerve fibers and sensory organs. He conducted re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Voit 191 Max Verworn
Voit (official name: "Industrias Voit S.A. de C.V.") is a sports equipment manufacturing company based in Mexico. The company was founded by German American entrepreneur William J. Voit (1880–1946) of Worthington, Indiana. Current range of products by Voit includes mainly balls (for association and American football, basketball and volleyball), and also goalkeeper gloves, tennis rackets, football uniforms, shin guards, and swimming equipment ( suits, goggles, caps, and fins) and accessories (backpacks, bags). History Voit began in Los Angeles in 1922 as a tire retreading products factory. In the late 1920s Voit developed and patented the first full-molded, all-rubber inflatable ball and the first needle-type air retention valves. They also developed highly accurate pocket and wrist watches during this period. In 1931, Voit developed and patented the first all-rubber athletic balls, including the process of vulcanization which allowed a material to be fixed onto a separat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Causalism
Causalism holds behavior and actions to be the result of previous mental states, such as belief A belief is an attitude that something is the case, or that some proposition is true. In epistemology, philosophers use the term "belief" to refer to attitudes about the world which can be either true or false. To believe something is to take ...s, desires, or intentions, rather than from a present conscious will guiding one's actions. Causalism is in accord with how most people have traditionally explained their actions, but critics point out that certain habitual actions such as scratching an itch are only noticed during or after the fact, if at all, making the causalist explanation that such behaviors have a mental antecedent that isn’t recalled seem ad hoc. References * Frankfurt, Harry. 1988. "The Problem of Action", in ''The Importance of What We Care About.'' Cambridge: Cambridge UP. * Mele, Alfred. 1997. "Introduction", in ''Philosophy of Action''. Oxford: Oxford U ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hermann Theodor Simon
Hermann Theodor Simon (german: ˈziːmɔn, lang; 1 January 1870, in Kirn – 22 December 1918, in Göttingen) was a German physicist. Biography He studied physics at the Universities of Heidelberg and Berlin, earning his doctorate in 1894 under August Kundt with a thesis on the dispersion of ultraviolet radiation. Afterwards, he served as an assistant to Eilhard Wiedemann at Erlangen, obtaining his habilitation in 1896. Two years later, he became an assistant to Eduard Riecke at the University of Göttingen, then relocated to Frankfurt am Main as director of the physics laboratory. In 1901 he returned to Göttingen as an associate professor and director of the department of applied electricity. In 1907 he was appointed as a full professor at the University of Göttingen. With Eduard Riecke, he was editor of the physics journal ''Physikalische Zeitschrift''. Selected writings * ''Über Dispersion ultravioletter Strahlen'', 1894 - On dispersion of ultraviolet radiation (gradua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karl Schaum
Ferdinand Karl Franz Schaum (14 July 1870, Frankfurt am Main – 30 January 1947, Gießen) was a German chemist who specialized in the field of photochemistry. He studied mathematics and sciences at the Universities of Basel, Berlin, Leipzig and Marburg, earning his doctorate at the latter institution in 1893. Afterwards, he served as an assistant to Theodor Zincke at Marburg and to Wilhelm Ostwald in Leipzig. In 1897 he obtained his habilitation at Marburg with a thesis on types of isometry.Professorenkatalog der Universität Leipzig Biographical sketch In 1904 he became an associate professor of at the University of Marburg, whe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Friedrich Oltmanns
Friedrich Oltmanns (11 July 1860, in Oberndorf – 13 December 1945) was a German phycologist. In 1884 he received his doctorate at the University of Strasbourg, afterwards working as an assistant at the University of Rostock (from 1885). In 1893, he was appointed an associate professor of botany at the University of Freiburg, where in 1902 he became a full professor and director of the botanical garden. With Max Verworn, Hermann Theodor Simon, Eugen Korschelt and others, he was co-editor of the 10-volume ''Handwörterbuch der Naturwissenschaften''. He was the author of the three volume ''Morphologie und Biologie der Algen'' (Morphology and biology of algae): * Volume 1: Chrysophyceae, Chlorophyceae. * Volume 2: Phaeophyceae, Rhodophyceae. * Volume 3: ''Morphologie, Fortpflanzung, die Ernährung der Algen, der Haushalt der Gewässer, die Lebensbedingungen, Vegetations-Perioden, das Zusammenleben'' (Morphology, reproduction, etc.). The algae genera of ''Oltmannsiella' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gottlob Linck
Gottlob Eduard Linck (20 February 1858, Ötisheim – 22 December 1947, Jena) was a German mineralogist. From 1879, he studied at the polytechnic college in Stuttgart, followed by classes at the Universities of Strasbourg and Tübingen. In 1888 he was habilitated for mineralogy and petrography at Strasbourg, where in 1894, he became an associate professor. Later the same year, he was named professor of mineralogy and geology at the University of Jena, a position he maintained until his retirement in 1930. On five occasions, he served as university rector at Jena.Linck, Gottlob @ NDB/ADB Deutsche Biographie His wide-ranging research covered many facets of geology and mineralogy. He examined the various properties of |
Eugen Korschelt
Eugen Korschelt (28 September 1858, in Zittau – 28 December 1946, in Marburg) was a German zoologist. He is known for his research in the field of comparative embryology and his work involving biological regeneration and transplantation. He served as a lecturer at the Universities of Freiburg and Berlin. becoming a professor of zoology and comparative anatomy at the University of Marburg in 1892. At Marburg, he succeeded Richard Greeff as director of the zoological institute, and twice served as university rector (1904/05, 1914/15). In 1912/13 he was president of the ''Deutsche Zoologische Gesellschaft'' (German Zoological Society). Organisms with the specific epithet of ''korschelti'' are named after him, an example being the ribbon worm species '' Amphiporus korschelti''. Published works With Austrian zoologist Karl Heider, he co-wrote an important textbook on comparative embryology called ''Lehrbuch der vergleichenden Entwicklungsgeschichte der wirbellosen Thiere ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Primitive Art
Tribal art is the visual arts and material culture of indigenous peoples. Also known as non-Western art or ethnographic art, or, controversially, primitive art, Dutton, Denis, Tribal Art'. In Michael Kelly (editor), ''Encyclopedia of Aesthetics. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998. tribal arts have historically been collected by Western anthropologists, private collectors, and museums, particularly ethnographic and natural history museums. The term "primitive" is criticized as being Eurocentric and pejorative.Perkins and Morphy 132 Description Tribal art is often ceremonial or religious in nature. Typically originating in rural areas, tribal art refers to the subject and craftsmanship of artifacts from tribal cultures. In museum collections, tribal art has three primary categories: * African art, especially arts of Sub-Saharan Africa * Art of the Americas * Oceanic art, originating notably from Australia, Melanesia, New Zealand, and Polynesia Polynesia () "many" and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biogenic Theory
The theory of recapitulation, also called the biogenetic law or embryological parallelism—often expressed using Ernst Haeckel's phrase "ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny"—is a historical hypothesis that the development of the embryo of an animal, from fertilization to gestation or hatching (ontogeny), goes through stages resembling or representing successive adult stages in the evolution of the animal's remote ancestors (phylogeny). It was formulated in the 1820s by Étienne Serres based on the work of Johann Friedrich Meckel, after whom it is also known as Meckel–Serres law. Since embryos also evolve in different ways, the shortcomings of the theory had been recognized by the early 20th century, and it had been relegated to "biological mythology" by the mid-20th century. Analogies to recapitulation theory have been formulated in other fields, including cognitive development and music criticism.Medicus (1992) p.2 quotation: "..many biologists accept the rule with respect ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protist
A protist () is any eukaryotic organism (that is, an organism whose cells contain a cell nucleus) that is not an animal, plant, or fungus. While it is likely that protists share a common ancestor (the last eukaryotic common ancestor), the exclusion of other eukaryotes means that protists do not form a natural group, or clade. Therefore, some protists may be more closely related to animals, plants, or fungi than they are to other protists. However, like the groups ''algae'', ''invertebrates'', and '' protozoans'', the biological category ''protist'' is used for convenience. Others classify any unicellular eukaryotic microorganism as a protist. The study of protists is termed protistology. History The classification of a third kingdom separate from animals and plants was first proposed by John Hogg in 1860 as the kingdom Protoctista; in 1866 Ernst Haeckel also proposed a third kingdom Protista as "the kingdom of primitive forms". Originally these also included prokaryotes, b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psychophysiology
Psychophysiology (from Ancient Greek, Greek , ''psȳkhē'', "breath, life, soul"; , ''physis'', "nature, origin"; and , ''wiktionary:-logia, -logia'') is the branch of psychology that is concerned with the physiology, physiological bases of psychology, psychological processes. While psychophysiology was a general broad field of research in the 1960s and 1970s, it has now become quite specialized, based on methods, topic of studies and scientific traditions. Methods vary as combinations of electrophysiological methods (such as EEG), neuroimaging (MRI, Positron emission tomography, PET), and neurochemistry. Topics have branched into subspecializations such as social, sport, cognitive, cardiovascular, clinical and other branches of psychophysiology. Background Some people have difficulty distinguishing a psychophysiologist from a Physiological psychology, physiological psychologist, two very different perspectives. Psychologists are interested in why we may fear spiders and physio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deutsche Akademie Der Naturforscher Leopoldina
The German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina (german: Deutsche Akademie der Naturforscher Leopoldina – Nationale Akademie der Wissenschaften), short Leopoldina, is the national academy of Germany, and is located in Halle (Saale). Founded on January 1, 1652, based on academic models in Italy, it was originally named the ''Academia Naturae Curiosorum'' until 1687 when Emperor Leopold I raised it to an academy and named it after himself. It was since known under the German name ''Deutsche Akademie der Naturforscher Leopoldina'' until 2007, when it was declared to be Germany's National Academy of Sciences. History ' The Leopoldina was founded in the imperial city of Schweinfurt on 1 January 1652 under the Latin name sometimes translated into English as "Academy of the Curious as to Nature." It was founded by four local physicians- Johann Laurentius Bausch, the first president of the society, Johann Michael Fehr, Georg Balthasar Metzger, and Georg Balthasar Wohlfarth; and w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
