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Marine Life Of The Straits Of Messina
The hydrology of the Strait of Messina accommodates a variety of populations of marine organisms. The intense currents and characteristic chemistry of the waters of the Strait determine an extraordinary biocoenosis in the Mediterranean Sea with a high abundance and diversity of species; the Strait of Messina, therefore constitutes an area of fundamental importance for biodiversity. Intense and alternate currents, the low temperature and an abundance of transported nitrogen and phosphorus transported to the surface from deep waters supports both pelagic and coastal benthic populations in a cycle of organic substance. All this, with associated phenomena, determines an ecological rearrangement that simulates Atlantic conditions for species with a prevailing Western distribution. In fact, numerous primarily Atlantic species, for example the laminariae (large tawny algae), though also present in some other zones of the Mediterranean, succeed in forming true structured submarine forests ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Messina Straits Laminariales
Messina (, also , ) is a harbour city and the capital of the Italian Metropolitan City of Messina. It is the third largest city on the island of Sicily, and the 13th largest city in Italy, with a population of more than 219,000 inhabitants in the city proper and about 650,000 in the Metropolitan City. It is located near the northeast corner of Sicily, at the Strait of Messina and it is an important access terminal to Calabria region, Villa San Giovanni, Reggio Calabria on the mainland. According to Eurostat the FUA of the metropolitan area of Messina has, in 2014, 277,584 inhabitants. The city's main resources are its seaports (commercial and military shipyards), cruise tourism, commerce, and agriculture (wine production and cultivating lemons, oranges, mandarin oranges, and olives). The city has been a Roman Catholic Archdiocese and Archimandrite seat since 1548 and is home to a locally important international fair. The city has the University of Messina, founded in 1548 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pedicularia
''Pedicularia'' is a genus of small predatory or ectoparasitic sea snails, cowry-like marine gastropod molluscs in the family Ovulidae, the cowry allies. In '' Peducularia sicula'', the protoconch protrudes. Dolin L. & Ledon D. (2002). "Nouveaux taxons et discussion de la systématique des genres correspondants d’Ovulidae (Mollusca, Caenogastropoda) de l’Éocène inférieur de Gan, France)". ''Geodiversitas'' 24(2): 329-347. These snails live on and feed on certain corals. Species Species within the genus ''Pedicularia'' include: * '' Pedicularia californica'' ( Newcomb, 1864) - California pedicularia * '' Pedicularia dautzenbergi'' ( Schilder, 1931) * '' Pedicularia decurvata'' Locard, 1897 * '' Pedicularia decussata'' (Gould, 1855) - hatched pedicularia * † '' Pedicularia deshayesiana'' G. Seguenza, 1865 * '' Pedicularia elegantissima'' Deshayes, 1863 * '' Pedicularia granulata'' Neubert, 1998 * '' Pedicularia japonica'' Dall, 1871 * '' Pedicularia morrisoni'' L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Myctophum Punctatum
''Myctophum punctatum'' is a species of mesopelagic fish in the family Myctophidae. Its common name is spotted lanternfish, sometimes spelled spotted lanterfish. It is found in the Northern Atlantic and in the Mediterranean at depths down to 1000m. It is one of the dominant species in midwater assemblages near the Mid-Atlantic Ridge The Mid-Atlantic Ridge is a mid-ocean ridge (a divergent or constructive plate boundary) located along the floor of the Atlantic Ocean, and part of the longest mountain range in the world. In the North Atlantic, the ridge separates the North .... ''Myctophum punctatum'' can grow to SL. It performs diurnal migrations to the surface at dusk. It feeds mostly on copepods and euphausiids. Larvae of ''Myctophum punctatum'' have stalked eyes. References Myctophidae Fish of the Atlantic Ocean Fish of the Mediterranean Sea Fish described in 1810 Taxa named by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque {{Myctophiformes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Argyropelecus Hemigymnus
''Argyropelecus hemigymnus'', the half-naked hatchetfish, short silver hatchetfish or spurred hatchetfish, is a deep-sea hatchetfish of the genus ''Argyropelecus'' found mesopelagically in the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans as well as in the Mediterranean Sea. It is a small species rarely exceeding standard length. It feeds on zooplankton, particularly ostracods and copepods. Sexual maturation occurs at length of about 22 mm, and adult males have more developed olfactory organs than females, i.e. the species is Sexual dimorphism, sexually dimorphic. References Sternoptychidae Fish of the Atlantic Ocean Fish of the Indian Ocean Fish of the Mediterranean Sea Fish of the Pacific Ocean Bioluminescent fish Fish described in 1829 Taxa named by Anastasio Cocco {{Stomiiformes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chauliodus Sloani
Sloane's viperfish, ''Chauliodus sloani'', is a predatory mesopelagic dragonfish found in waters across the world. The species was first described by German scientists Marcus Elieser Bloch and Johann Gottlob Schneider in their 1801 book ''Systema ichthyologiae: iconibus CX illustratum'', volume 1.Bloch, M. E., & Schneider, J. G. (1801). ''Systema ichthyologiae: iconibus CX illustratum'' (Vol. 1). Auctor. Female ''C. sloani'' reach maturity between 133 and 191 mm, while males likely reach maturity at slightly smaller body lengths. It has two rows of photophores along its ventral side.Whitehead, P. J. P., Bauchot, M. L., Hureau, J. C., Nielsen, J., & Tortonese, E. (1984). Fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean, volume 1. United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization. It is believed that ''C. sloani'' can adjust the intensity of bioluminescence of the ventral photophores to camouflage itself from predators that might see its shadow from below. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bathypelagic
The bathypelagic zone or bathyal zone (from Greek βαθύς (bathýs), deep) is the part of the open ocean that extends from a depth of below the ocean surface. It lies between the mesopelagic above, and the abyssopelagic below. The bathypelagic is known as the midnight zone because of the lack of sunlight; this feature does not allow for photosynthesis-driven primary production, preventing growth of phytoplankton or aquatic plants. Although larger by volume than the photic zone, our knowledge of the bathypelagic zone remains limited by our ability to explore the deep ocean. Physical characteristics The bathypelagic zone is characterized by a nearly constant temperature of approximately and a salinity range of 33-35 g/kg. This region has little to no light, because sunlight does not reach this deep in the ocean and bioluminescence is limited. The hydrostatic pressure in this zone ranges 100-400 atmospheres (atm), due to the increase of 1 atm for every 10 m depth. It is beli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paramuricea Clavata
''Paramuricea clavata'', the violescent sea-whip, is a species of colonial soft coral in the family Plexauridae. It is found in shallow seas of the north-eastern Atlantic Ocean and the north-western Mediterranean Sea as well as Ionian Sea. This species was first described by the French naturalist Antoine Risso in 1826. Description ''P. clavata'' has a branching structure forming a fan-shaped colony in a single plane. The stem and branches are stiffened by gorgonin, a complex protein that produces a horny skeleton. The coenenchyme, a thin living layer of cells, covers the skeleton and the polyps protrude from this, each with eight feeding tentacles surrounding a central mouth. The polyps are up to high and the whole colony up to one m (3 ft) high and 1 m across. The colour is usually red, but may be partly yellow. Distribution and habitat The violescent sea-whip is native to the coasts of Spain and Portugal in the eastern Atlantic Ocean, and to the western Mediterranean S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cnidaria
Cnidaria () is a phylum under kingdom Animalia containing over 11,000 species of aquatic animals found both in freshwater and marine environments, predominantly the latter. Their distinguishing feature is cnidocytes, specialized cells that they use mainly for capturing prey. Their bodies consist of mesoglea, a non-living jelly-like substance, sandwiched between two layers of epithelium that are mostly one cell thick. Cnidarians mostly have two basic body forms: swimming medusae and sessile polyps, both of which are radially symmetrical with mouths surrounded by tentacles that bear cnidocytes. Both forms have a single orifice and body cavity that are used for digestion and respiration. Many cnidarian species produce colonies that are single organisms composed of medusa-like or polyp-like zooids, or both (hence they are trimorphic). Cnidarians' activities are coordinated by a decentralized nerve net and simple receptors. Several free-swimming species of Cubozoa and Scy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Desmarestia Ligulata
''Desmarestia ligulata'' is a species of brown algae found worldwide. Its common names include color changer, Desmarest's flattened weed, and sea sorrel, though the last name can also refer to other species of ''Desmarestia''. Habitat This species is found between the low intertidal to subtidal zones on open coasts. It is the most abundant marine algae associated with giant kelp forests. Acid accumulation ''Desmarestia ligulata'' is known for its ability to accumulate high levels of sulfuric acid in its vacuoles. This accumulation appears to be active Active may refer to: Music * ''Active'' (album), a 1992 album by Casiopea * Active Records, a record label Ships * ''Active'' (ship), several commercial ships by that name * HMS ''Active'', the name of various ships of the British Royal ... and permanent, occurring during cell growth and division while unaffected by light regimes or external nutrient profiles. It has been suggested that this acid accumulation is an evo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phyllariopsis Purpurascens
''Phyllariopsis purpurascens'' is a species of large brown algae, found in the subtidal zone of the Mediterranean Sea and the intertidal zone of Morocco, as observed by Lourenço et al. (2020). While it is functionally similar to kelp species, it is not in the order Laminariales. In general, this macroalgae is affected by ultraviolet light and avoids shallow waters in the sunny Mediterranean. In fact it was thought that there were no forests of large brown macroalgae, including kelp, in the Mediterranean, until the first was discovered by Jacques Cousteau in his research vessel ''Calypso'' in 1958. Instead the forests grow at greater depths than in other oceans. For example, in the cold upwelling water in the Mediterranean near the Strait of Gibraltar, where ''Saccorhiza polyschides ''Saccorhiza polyschides'', common name furbellow, is a large brown algae of the lower shore and is the largest seaweed found in Europe. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phyllariopsis Brevipes
''Phyllariopsis brevipes'' is a species of large brown algae, found in the subtidal zone in the Mediterranean Sea. It is the type species of the genus. Unlike other large brown macroalgae, it has a habitat requirement to grow on the living thalli of the crustose red alga '' Mesophyllum alternans''. This is an uncommon species and is known from two locations in the Mediterranean Sea, the Straits of Messina and the Al Hoceima National Park, and one site in northern Morocco, as published in Lourenço et al. (2020). The subtidal zone in the park is influenced by both the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean, and there are dense forests of kelp and other large brown macroalgae, including ''Cystoseira'' sp., ''Saccorhiza polyschides'', '' Laminaria ochroleuca'', '' Laminaria rodreguizii'', ''Phyllariopsis purpurascens'' and ''Phyllariopsis brevipes''. In general, kelp is affected by ultraviolet light and avoids shallow waters in the sunny Mediterranean. Instead it forms forests at ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Posidonia Oceanica
''Posidonia oceanica'', commonly known as Neptune grass or Mediterranean tapeweed, is a seagrass species that is endemic to the Mediterranean Sea. It forms large underwater meadows that are an important part of the ecosystem. The fruit is free floating and known in Italy as "the olive of the sea" (''l'oliva di mare''). Balls of fibrous material from its foliage, known as ''egagropili'' or ''Neptune balls'', wash up to nearby shorelines. The Posidonia has a very high carbon absorption capacity, being able to soak up 15 times more carbon dioxide every year than a similar sized piece of the Amazon rainforest. Morphology Posidonia oceanica has roots (which mainly serve to anchor the plant to the substrate), rhizome and tapeform leaves. The rhizomes, up to 1 cm thick, grow both horizontally (plagiotropic rhizomes), and vertically (orthotropic rhizomes). The former, thanks to the presence at the bottom of lignited roots up to 15 cm long, anchor the plant to the substrate. The latte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
