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Marie Of Orléans, Viscountess Of Narbonne
Marie of Orléans (19 December/September 1457 – 1493) was the elder sister of King Louis XII of France. Due to her marriage to John of Foix, she was Countess of Étampes and Viscountess of Narbonne. Marie was the eldest daughter of Charles, Duke of Orléans, and his third wife Marie of Cleves. After a previous betrothal to Peter II, Duke of Bourbon, she married John of Foix on 8 September 1483.Elena Woodacre, ''The Queens Regnant of Navarre: Succession, Politics, and Partnership, 1274-1512'', (Palgrave Macmillan, 2013), 122. Issue She had two children by John of Foix: * Germaine of Foix (1488–1538)Frederic J. Baumgartner, ''Louis XII'', 146. ** married Ferdinand II of Aragon, and whose relationship to the Navarrese throne was used as an excuse by Ferdinand to claim the throne of Navarre (see Spanish conquest of Iberian Navarre) * Gaston of Foix (1489–1512) ** served as a general for his uncle Louis XII, killed at the battle of Ravenna in 1512. Ancestors Ref ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Counts And Dukes Of Etampes
Count (feminine: countess) is a historical title of nobility in certain European countries, varying in relative status, generally of middling rank in the hierarchy of nobility. Pine, L. G. ''Titles: How the King Became His Majesty''. New York: Barnes & Noble, 1992. p. 73. . The etymologically related English term "county" denoted the territories associated with the countship. Definition The word ''count'' came into English from the French ''comte'', itself from Latin ''comes''—in its accusative ''comitem''—meaning “companion”, and later “companion of the emperor, delegate of the emperor”. The adjective form of the word is "comital". The British and Irish equivalent is an earl (whose wife is a "countess", for lack of an English term). In the late Roman Empire, the Latin title ''comes'' denoted the high rank of various courtiers and provincial officials, either military or administrative: before Anthemius became emperor in the West in 467, he was a military ''comes' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marie Of Burgundy, Duchess Of Cleves
Mary of Burgundy, Duchess of Cleves (1393 – 30 October 1466) was the second child of John the Fearless and Margaret of Bavaria, and an elder sister of Philip the Good. Born in Dijon, she became the second wife of Adolph, Count of Mark in May 1406. He was made the 1st Duke of Cleves in 1417. They were the grandparents of King Louis XII of France and the great-grandparents of John III, Duke of Cleves, father of Anne of Cleves, who was fourth Queen consort of Henry VIII of England. By their daughter, Catherine, they were ancestors of Mary, Queen of Scots. The Duke and Duchess of Cleves lived at Wijnendale Castle in West Flanders. She died in Cleves in present-day Monterberg, Kalkar. Influence At the death of Adolph of Cleves in 1448, his son John I of Cleves succeeded him. Mary retired to Monterberg Castle, near Kalkar. Returning from a trip to the Middle East in 1449, John visited the Benedictine monastery of Bologna and decided with his mother to found a similar monastery ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Galeazzo II Visconti
Galeazzo II Visconti ( – 4 August 1378) was a member of the Visconti dynasty and a ruler of Milan, Italy. His most notable military campaigns were against Pope Gregory XI, around 1367. These battles fought between the papacy and the Visconti family ultimately ended in a peace treaty. Politically active, he expanded the power of his family, where the Visconti first became hereditary rulers of Milan starting from 1349. He is remembered in conjunction with his patronage of intellectuals and writers, from his sponsorship of Petrarch to the founding of the University of Pavia in 1361. Galeazzo II Visconti, and his brother Bernabò, is credited with the institution of the Quaresima Torture Protocol, a vicious means of torture. Visconti family The founder of the Visconti house is a conflicted claim, though widespread credit goes to Galeazzo's ancestor, Ottone Visconti. Other notable figures in the Visconti family include Matteo I (1294–1302), Luchino I (1339–1349) and Bern ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isabella Of Valois, Duchess Of Bourbon
Isabella of Valois (1313 – 26 July 1383) was a Duchess of Bourbon by marriage to Peter I, Duke of Bourbon. She was the daughter of Charles of Valois by his third wife Mahaut of Châtillon.Joni M. Hand, ''Women, Manuscripts and Identity in Northern Europe, 1350-1550'', (Ashgate Publishing, 2013), 217. Life On 25 January 1336 Isabella married Peter I, Duke of Bourbon, son of Louis I, Duke of Bourbon and Mary of Avesnes. Peter and Isabella had only one son, Louis and seven daughters. Her husband died at the Battle of Poitiers in 1356, and Isabella never remarried. After her husband's death Isabella's son Louis became the Duke of Bourbon. In the same year 1356, Isabella arranged for her daughter Joanna to marry Charles V of France; as he was at the time the Dauphin of France, Joanna duly became Dauphine. She had as her butler Jean Saulnier, knight, lord of Thoury-on-Abron, councilor and chamberlain of the king, bailli of Saint-Pierre-le-Moûtier. Upon becoming a wid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peter I, Duke Of Bourbon
Peter I of Bourbon (Pierre Ier, Duc de Bourbon in French; 1311 – 19 September 1356) was the second Duke of Bourbon, from 1342 to his death. Peter was son of Louis I of Bourbon, whom he also succeeded as Grand Chamberlain of France, and Mary of Avesnes. Peter is reported to have been somewhat mentally unstable, a trait of nervous breakdowns (presumably hereditary) that showed clearly for example in his daughter Joan of Bourbon, the queen, and in her son, king Charles VI of France, as well as in Peter's only surviving son, Duke Louis II. Early career Peter took part in several of the early campaigns of the Hundred Years War which broke out in 1337. In the summer of 1339, he took part in Jean de Marigny, Bishop of Beauvais's failed attack on Bordeaux. In autumn 1341 he took part in the John, Duke of Normandy's campaign in Brittany. He was present at the coronation of Pope Clement VI at Avignon 19 May 1342. By the summer 1342, Peter together with the Raoul I of Brienne, C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bonne Of Bohemia
Bonne of Luxemburg or Jutta of Luxemburg (20 May 131511 September 1349), was born Jutta (Judith), the second daughter of King John of Bohemia, and his first wife, Elisabeth of Bohemia. She was the first wife of King John II of France; however, as she died a year prior to his accession, she was never a French queen. Jutta was referred to in French historiography as Bonne de Luxembourg, since she was a member of the House of Luxembourg. Among her children were Charles V of France, Philip II, Duke of Burgundy, and Joan, Queen of Navarre. Biography In June or July 1315, Jutta was betrothed to the future King Casimir the Great of Poland, son of Władysław Łokietek.Kazimierz JasińskiPolityka małżeńska Władysława Łokietka In: Genealogia - rola związków rodzinnych i rodowych w życiu publicznym w Polsce średniowiecznej na tle porównawczym, p. 14., but he married Aldona of Lithuania in 1325 instead. In 1326, Jutta was next betrothed to Henry of Bar. This arrangement was b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John II Of France
John II (french: Jean II; 26 April 1319 – 8 April 1364), called John the Good (French: ''Jean le Bon''), was King of France from 1350 until his death in 1364. When he came to power, France faced several disasters: the Black Death, which killed nearly 40% of its population; popular revolts known as ''Jacqueries''; free companies (''Grandes Compagnies'') of routiers who plundered the country; and English aggression that resulted in catastrophic military losses, including the Battle of Poitiers of 1356, in which John was captured. While John was a prisoner in London, his son Charles became regent and faced several rebellions, which he overcame. To liberate his father, he concluded the Treaty of Brétigny (1360), by which France lost many territories and paid an enormous ransom. In an exchange of hostages, which included his second son Louis, Duke of Anjou, John was released from captivity to raise funds for his ransom. Upon his return to France, he created the franc to stab ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Margaret Of Bavaria
Margaret of Bavaria (1363 – 23 January 1424, Dijon) was Duchess of Burgundy by marriage to John the Fearless. She was the regent of the Burgundian Low Countries during the absence of her spouse in 1404–1419 and the regent in French Burgundy during the absence of her son in 1419–1423. She became most known for her successful defense of the Duchy of Burgundy against Count John IV of Armagnac in 1419. Life Margaret was the fifth child of Albert I, Duke of Bavaria, Count of Hainault, Holland, and Zeeland and Lord of Frisia, and Margaret of Brieg.Bayley, Francis, ''The Bailleuls of Flanders and the Bayleys of Willow Hall'', (Spottiswoode & Co.:London, 1881), 263. Marriage On 12 April 1385, at the Burgundian double wedding in Cambrai, she married John, Count of Nevers, the son and heir of Philip the Bold, Duke of Burgundy, and Margaret of Dampierre, Countess of Flanders, Artois and Burgundy;Richard Vaughan, ''John the Fearless: The Growth of Burgundian Power'', (The Boydell Pre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John The Fearless
John I (french: Jean sans Peur; nl, Jan zonder Vrees; 28 May 137110 September 1419) was a scion of the French royal family who ruled the Burgundian State from 1404 until his death in 1419. He played a key role in French national affairs during the early 15th century, particularly in the struggles to rule the country for the mentally ill King Charles VI, his cousin, and the Hundred Years' War with England. A rash, ruthless and unscrupulous politician, John murdered the King's brother, the Duke of Orléans, in an attempt to gain control of the government, which led to the eruption of the Armagnac–Burgundian Civil War in France and in turn culminated in his own assassination in 1419. The involvement of Charles, the heir to the French throne, in his assassination prompted John's son and successor Philip to seek an alliance with the English, thereby bringing the Hundred Years' War to its final phase. John played an important role in the development of gunpowder artillery in E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Margaret Of Jülich
Margaret of Jülich ( – 10 October 1425) was a daughter of Duke Gerhard VI of Jülich and his wife, Margaret of Ravensberg (1315-1389). In 1369, she married Adolf III of the Marck. She had fourteen children with him, at least five of whom did not survive infancy. * Mynta (b. ) * Joanna (b. ), abbess of Hörde * Adolph (1373-1448), succeeded his father in Cleves and later also in the Marck. * Dietrich (1374-1398), succeeded his father in the Marck. * Gerhard (d. 1461), also Adolph as count of the Marck * Margaret (1375-1411), married in 1394 Albert I, Duke of Bavaria (d. 1404) * Elisabeth (1378-1439), married Reinold of Valkenburg (d. 1396) and Stephen III, Duke of Bavaria Stephen III (1337 – 26 September 1413), called the Magnificent or the Fop (''Stephan der Kneißl''), was the Duke of Bavaria-Ingolstadt from 1375. He was the eldest son of Stephen II and Elizabeth of Sicily. Family His maternal grandparents ... * Engelberta (d. 1458), married Frederick IV of M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adolf III Of The Marck
Adolph III of the Marck (German: ''Adolf III von der Mark''; – 1394) was the Prince-Bishop of Münster (as Adolph) from 1357 to 1363, the Archbishop-Elector of Cologne (as Adolph II) in 1363, the Count of Cleves (as Adolph I) from 1368 to 1394, and the Count of Mark (as Adolph III) from 1391 to 1393. Life Origins Adolph was the second son of Count Adolph II of the Marck and Margaret of Cleves. Reign On 16 November 1357 Pope Innocent VI appointed him the Bishop of Münster. In 1362 he signed a contract with his uncle Bishop Engelbert III of the Marck of Liège whereby he would inherit Cleves in the likely event Count John of Cleves died childless. On 13 June 1363 he was appointed the Archbishop of Cologne against the favourite John of Virneburg, but by the end of the year had resigned from the position to focus on the County of Cleves, despite the fact that his short tenure was scandalous and ridden with controversy. In 1368 he succeeded his uncle John of Cleves an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isabella, Countess Of Vertus
Isabella of France (1 October 1348 – 11 September 1372) was a French princess and member of the House of Valois, as well as the wife of Gian Galeazzo Visconti, who after her death became Duke of Milan. Life Born in Bois de Vincennes, Isabella was the youngest daughter of King John II of France by his first wife, Bonne of Bohemia. Her maternal uncle Count Amadeus VI of Savoy arranged her marriage with Gian Galeazzo Visconti. As her dowry, Isabella received the county of Sommières, exchanged later for the county of Vertus. On 8 October 1360, Isabella and Gian Galeazzo were married in Milan, and six months later, in April 1361, she was declared sovereign Countess of Vertus. The couple had four children: *Gian Galeazzo, born 1366 *Azzone, 1368–1380 * Valentina (b. Pavia, 1371 – d. Château de Blois, Loir-et-Cher, 14 December 1408), married on 17 August 1389 to Louis I, Duke of Orléans *Carlo, born 1372. Only Valentina lived to adulthood; Isabella died giving birth to Carl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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