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MBD1
Methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''MBD1'' gene. The protein encoded by MBD1 binds to methylated sequences in DNA, and thereby influences transcription. It binds to a variety of methylated sequences, and appears to mediate repression of gene expression. It has been shown to play a role in chromatin modification through interaction with the histone H3K9 methyltransferase SETDB1. H3K9me3 is a repressive modification. Function DNA methylation is the major modification of eukaryotic genomes and plays an essential role in mammalian development. Human proteins MECP2, MBD1, MBD2, MBD3, and MBD4 comprise a family of nuclear proteins related by the presence in each of a methyl-CpG binding domain (MBD). Each of these proteins, with the exception of MBD3, is capable of binding specifically to methylated DNA. MECP2, MBD1 and MBD2 can also repress transcription from methylated gene promoters. Five transcript variants of the MBD1 are generate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ATF7IP
Activating transcription factor 7-interacting protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''ATF7IP'' gene. Interactions ATF7IP has been shown to interact with MBD1 Methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''MBD1'' gene. The protein encoded by MBD1 binds to methylated sequences in DNA, and thereby influences transcription. It binds to a variety of methylated sequence .... References Further reading * * * * * * * * * * * * External links * PDBe-KB provides an overview of all the structure information available in the PDB for Human Activating transcription factor 7-interacting protein 1 (ATF7IP) {{gene-12-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CHAF1A
Chromatin assembly factor 1 subunit A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''CHAF1A'' gene. Function Chromatin assembly factor I ( CAF-1) is a nuclear complex consisting of p50, p60 ( CHAF1B; MIM 601245), and p150 (CHAF1A) subunits that assembles histone tetramers onto replicating DNA in vitro (Kaufman et al., 1995). upplied by OMIMref name="entrez" /> Interactions CHAF1A has been shown to interact with: * ASF1A, * ASF1B, * BLM, * CBX5, and * MBD1 Methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''MBD1'' gene. The protein encoded by MBD1 binds to methylated sequences in DNA, and thereby influences transcription. It binds to a variety of methylated sequence .... References Further reading * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * External links * * {{gene-19-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CBX5 (gene)
Chromobox protein homolog 5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''CBX5'' gene. It is a highly conserved, non-histone protein part of the heterochromatin family. The protein itself is more commonly called (in humans) HP1α. Heterochromatin protein-1 (HP1) has an N-terminal domain that acts on methylated lysines residues leading to epigenetic repression. The C-terminal of this protein has a chromo shadow-domain (CSD) that is responsible for homodimerizing, as well as interacting with a variety of chromatin-associated, non-histone proteins. Structure HP1α is 191 amino acids in length containing 6 exons. As mentioned above, this protein contains two domains, an N-terminal chromodomain (CD) and a C- terminal chromoshadow domain (CSD). The CD binds with histone 3 through a methylated lysine residue at position 9 (H3K9) while the C-terminal CSD homodimerizes and interacts with a variety of other chromatin-associated, non-histone related proteins. Connecting these two domains ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SUV39H1
Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase SUV39H1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''SUV39H1'' gene. Function This gene is a member of the suppressor of variegation 3-9 homolog family and encodes a protein with a chromodomain and a C-terminal SET domain. This nuclear protein moves to the centromeres during mitosis and functions as a histone methyltransferase, methylating Lys-9 of histone H3. Overall, it plays a vital role in heterochromatin organization, chromosome segregation, and mitotic progression. In mouse embryonic stem cells, Suv39h1 expression is repressed by OCT4 protein through the induction of an antisense long non-coding RNA. Interactions SUV39H1 has been shown to interact with: * CBX1, * CBX5, * DNMT3A, * HDAC1, * HDAC3, * HDAC9, * Histone deacetylase 2, * MBD1, * RUNX1, * Retinoblastoma protein, and * SBF1. * PIN1 Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''PIN1'' gene. Pin 1, or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transcription (genetics)
Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA. The segments of DNA transcribed into RNA molecules that can encode proteins are said to produce messenger RNA (mRNA). Other segments of DNA are copied into RNA molecules called non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). mRNA comprises only 1–3% of total RNA samples. Less than 2% of the human genome can be transcribed into mRNA ( Human genome#Coding vs. noncoding DNA), while at least 80% of mammalian genomic DNA can be actively transcribed (in one or more types of cells), with the majority of this 80% considered to be ncRNA. Both DNA and RNA are nucleic acids, which use base pairs of nucleotides as a complementary language. During transcription, a DNA sequence is read by an RNA polymerase, which produces a complementary, antiparallel RNA strand called a primary transcript. Transcription proceeds in the following general steps: # RNA polymerase, together with one or more general transcription factors, binds to promoter DNA ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, responding to stimuli, providing structure to cells and organisms, and transporting molecules from one location to another. Proteins differ from one another primarily in their sequence of amino acids, which is dictated by the nucleotide sequence of their genes, and which usually results in protein folding into a specific 3D structure that determines its activity. A linear chain of amino acid residues is called a polypeptide. A protein contains at least one long polypeptide. Short polypeptides, containing less than 20–30 residues, are rarely considered to be proteins and are commonly called peptides. The individual amino acid residues are bonded together by peptide bonds and adjacent amino acid residues. The sequence of amino acid residue ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gene
In biology, the word gene (from , ; "...Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity and the molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is transcribed to produce a functional RNA. There are two types of molecular genes: protein-coding genes and noncoding genes. During gene expression, the DNA is first copied into RNA. The RNA can be directly functional or be the intermediate template for a protein that performs a function. The transmission of genes to an organism's offspring is the basis of the inheritance of phenotypic traits. These genes make up different DNA sequences called genotypes. Genotypes along with environmental and developmental factors determine what the phenotypes will be. Most biological traits are under the influence of polygenes (many different genes) as well as gen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Methylation
In the chemical sciences, methylation denotes the addition of a methyl group on a substrate, or the substitution of an atom (or group) by a methyl group. Methylation is a form of alkylation, with a methyl group replacing a hydrogen atom. These terms are commonly used in chemistry, biochemistry, soil science, and the biological sciences. In biological systems, methylation is catalyzed by enzymes; such methylation can be involved in modification of heavy metals, regulation of gene expression, regulation of protein function, and RNA processing. In vitro methylation of tissue samples is also one method for reducing certain histological staining artifacts. The reverse of methylation is demethylation. In biology In biological systems, methylation is accomplished by enzymes. Methylation can modify heavy metals, regulate gene expression, RNA processing and protein function. It has been recognized as a key process underlying epigenetics. Methanogenesis Methanogenesis, the process th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
