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Lycian Sarcophagus Of Sidon
The Lycian sarcophagus of Sidon is a sarcophagus discovered in the Ayaa necropolis, in Sidon, Lebanon. It is made of Parian marble, and resembles the shapes of ogival Lycian tombs, hence its name. It is now located in the Istanbul Archaeological Museum. It is dated to circa 430-420 BC. This sarcophagus, as well as others in the Sidon necropolis, belonged to a succession of kings who ruled in the area of Phoenicia between the mid-5th century BC to the end of the 4th century BC. The sarcophagus was decorated in Greek sculptural style by Greek artists from Ionia, but incorporating the general shape of the ogival tombs from Lycia, such as the Tomb of Payava. This is sometimes presented as an example of Greco-Persian art, although this should be qualified more precisely as Greco-Anatolian art, since such examples are unknown in the wider Achaemenid Empire. The sarcophagus is decorated with reliefs, the side reliefs illustrating a lion-hunt and a boar-hunt, while the reliefs at the end ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lycian Sarcophagus
The Lycian sarcophagus of Sidon is a sarcophagus discovered in the Ayaa necropolis, in Sidon, Lebanon. It is made of Parian marble, and resembles the shapes of ogival Lycian tombs, hence its name. It is now located in the Istanbul Archaeological Museum. It is dated to circa 430-420 BC. This sarcophagus, as well as others in the Sidon necropolis, belonged to a succession of kings who ruled in the area of Phoenicia between the mid-5th century BC to the end of the 4th century BC. The sarcophagus was decorated in Greek sculptural style by Greek artists from Ionia, but incorporating the general shape of the ogival tombs from Lycia, such as the Tomb of Payava. This is sometimes presented as an example of Greco-Persian art, although this should be qualified more precisely as Greco-Anatolian art, since such examples are unknown in the wider Achaemenid Empire. The sarcophagus is decorated with reliefs, the side reliefs illustrating a lion-hunt and a boar-hunt, while the reliefs at the e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Achaemenid Empire
The Achaemenid Empire or Achaemenian Empire (; peo, 𐎧𐏁𐏂, , ), also called the First Persian Empire, was an ancient Iranian empire founded by Cyrus the Great in 550 BC. Based in Western Asia, it was contemporarily the largest empire in history, spanning a total of from the Balkans and Egypt in the west to Central Asia and the Indus Valley in the east. Around the 7th century BC, the region of Persis in the southwestern portion of the Iranian plateau was settled by the Persians. From Persis, Cyrus rose and defeated the Median Empire as well as Lydia and the Neo-Babylonian Empire, marking the formal establishment of a new imperial polity under the Achaemenid dynasty. In the modern era, the Achaemenid Empire has been recognized for its imposition of a successful model of centralized, bureaucratic administration; its multicultural policy; building complex infrastructure, such as road systems and an organized postal system; the use of official languages across ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sidon District
The Sidon District ( ar, قضاء صيدا) is a district within the South Governorate of Lebanon. Cities and towns *Aadloun * Ansariye *Ghaziyeh *Maghdouché * Majdelyoun *Miye ou Miye * Qinarit * Salhieh *Sarepta *Sidon - capital * Tabbaya *Zrarieh * Kawthariyat al-Sayyad Villages * Ain El Delb * Anqoun * Darb Es Sim * Hajjeh *Kfar Chellal * Kfar Hatta * Qraiye *Tanbourit * Zaita *Zaghdraiya Oil and petroleum Sidon serves as the Mediterranean terminus of the Trans-Arabian Pipeline, a long oil pipeline that pumps oil from the fields near Abqaiq in Saudi Arabia. The pipeline played an important role in the global trade of petroleum—helping with the economic development of Lebanon—as well as American and Middle Eastern political relations. At the time it was built in 1947, the project was considered ground-breaking and innovative with a maximum capacity of about . After the 1967 Six-Day War and due to constant bickering between Saudi Arabia and Syria and Lebanon over tran ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archaeology Of The Achaemenid Empire
Archaeology or archeology is the scientific study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture. The archaeological record consists of artifacts, architecture, biofacts or ecofacts, sites, and cultural landscapes. Archaeology can be considered both a social science and a branch of the humanities. It is usually considered an independent academic discipline, but may also be classified as part of anthropology (in North America – the four-field approach), history or geography. Archaeologists study human prehistory and history, from the development of the first stone tools at Lomekwi in East Africa 3.3 million years ago up until recent decades. Archaeology is distinct from palaeontology, which is the study of fossil remains. Archaeology is particularly important for learning about prehistoric societies, for which, by definition, there are no written records. Prehistory includes over 99% of the human past, from the Paleolithic until the advent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phoenician Sarcophagi
Phoenician may refer to: * Phoenicia, an ancient civilization * Phoenician alphabet ::Phoenician (Unicode block) * Phoenicianism, a form of Lebanese nationalism * Phoenician language * List of Phoenician cities * Phoenix, Arizona See also * Phoenix (mythology) * Phoenix (other) * Phoenicia (other) Phoenicia was an ancient civilization in the north of Canaan in parts of Lebanon, Syria, and Palestine. Phoenicia may also refer to: Historical places * Phoenice (Roman province), a province of the Roman Empire encompassing the region of Phoenic ... * {{disambiguation Language and nationality disambiguation pages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tabnit Sarcophagus
The Tabnit sarcophagus is the sarcophagus of the Phoenician King of Sidon Tabnit I (ruled c. 549–539 BC), the father of King Eshmunazar II. The sarcophagus is decorated with two separate and unrelated inscriptions – one in Egyptian hieroglyphics and one in Phoenician script. The latter contains a curse for those who open the tomb, promising impotency and loss of an afterlife. It was created in the early 5th century BC, and was unearthed in 1887 by Osman Hamdi Bey at the Ayaa Necropolis east of Sidon together with the Alexander Sarcophagus and other related sarcophagi. Tabnit's body was found floating perfectly preserved in the original embalming fluid. Both the sarcophagus and Tabnit's decomposed skeleton are now in the Istanbul Archaeology Museums. The sarcophagus, together with the Eshmunazar II sarcophagus, were possibly acquired by the Sidonians following their participation in the Battle of Pelusium (525 BC), and served as models for later Phoenician sarcophagi. The Phoen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Necropolis
A necropolis (plural necropolises, necropoles, necropoleis, necropoli) is a large, designed cemetery with elaborate tomb monuments. The name stems from the Ancient Greek ''nekropolis'', literally meaning "city of the dead". The term usually implies a separate burial site at a distance from a city, as opposed to tombs within cities, which were common in various places and periods of history. They are different from grave fields, which did not have structures or markers above the ground. While the word is most commonly used for ancient sites, the name was revived in the early 19th century and applied to planned city cemeteries, such as the Glasgow Necropolis. Necropoli in the ancient world Egypt Ancient Egypt is noted for multiple necropoleis. Ancient Egyptian funerary practices and beliefs about the afterlife led to the construction of several extensive necropoleis to secure and provision the dead in the hereafter. These necropoleis are therefore major archaeological si ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yervant Voskan
Yervant Voskan (1855, Istanbul – Istanbul 1914) was an Armenian painter, sculptor, instructor, and administrator. He is the first known sculptor in modern Turkish sculpture history and as the first sculpture teacher at the Sanay-i Nefise he educated the first generation of Turkish sculptors. Early life and studies Yervant Voskan was born in 1855 in Samatya, Istanbul into an Armenian family as the son of writer Hagop Voskan (1825 – 1907). His grandfather was Voskan Gotogyan of Erzurum, a foundryman at the Imperial Mint. After receiving his primary education from his father, he attended the Catholic Makruhyan Armenian School in Beşiktaş and the Pera Hayr Ananya school. In 1866, with the support of his family, he went to Venice to study at the Murad Raphaelian School. There he was a student of Luigi Qura. Later he continued his studies in Rome at the Rome Imperial Art School as a student of Enrico Bektti and Cirolana Mazzini. In 1878 he was sent to Paris on a state ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Osman Hamdi Bey
Osman Hamdi Bey (30 December 1842, in Istanbul 24 February 1910) was an Ottoman Empire, Ottoman administrator, intellectual, art expert and also a prominent and pioneering painter. He was also an accomplished archaeologist, and is regarded as the pioneer of the curator, museum curator's profession in Turkey. He was the founder of Istanbul Archaeology Museums and of the Istanbul Academy of Fine Arts (:tr:Sanayi-i Nefise Mektebi, Sanayi-i Nefise Mektebi in Turkish language, Turkish), known today as the Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University. He was also the first mayor of Kadıköy. Early life Osman Hamdi was the son of Ibrahim Edhem Pasha, an Ottoman Empire, Ottoman Grand Vizier (in office 1877–1878, replacing Midhat Pasha) who was originally a Greeks, Greek boy from the Ottoman island of Sanjak of Sakız, Sakız (Chios) orphaned at a very young age following the Chios massacre there. He was adopted by Kapudan Pasha, Kaptan-ı Derya (Grand Admiral) Koca Hüsrev Mehmed Pasha, Hüsrev P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ayaa Necropolis
The royal necropolis of Ayaa (;., name=https://www.google.com/maps/place/Qiyaa,+Lebanon/@33.5673528,35.3874502,806m/data=!3m1!1e3!4m13!1m7!3m6!1s0x151eefff92aba839:0x484e2a688908252e!2sBramiyeh,+Lebanon!3b1!8m2!3d33.575125!4d35.3918864!3m4!1s0x151ef01cd47c08e9:0xfa604318e9bac1d0!8m2!3d33.5672386!4d35.3874457 also romanized as "Ayaʿa") was a group of two Hypogeum, ''hypogea'' housing a total of 21 Sarcophagus, sarcophagi of King of Sidon, kings and nobles of the city of Sidon (modern Sidon, Saida), a coastal city in Lebanon, and a prominent Phoenicia, Phoenician city-state. The sarcophagi were highly diverse in style, ranging across Egyptian, Greek, Lycian and Phoenician styles. The Phoenicians exhibited diverse mortuary practices that included Burial, inhumation and cremation. While written records about their beliefs in the afterlife are scarce, archaeological evidence suggests they believed in an afterlife known as the "House of Eternity." Burial sites in Iron Age Phoenicia, like ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Sarcophagus
The Alexander Sarcophagus is a late 4th century BC Hellenistic stone sarcophagus from the necropolis near Sidon, Lebanon. It is adorned with bas-relief carvings of Alexander the Great and scrolling historical and mythological narratives. The work is considered to be remarkably well preserved, and has been used as an exemplar for its retention of polychromy. It is currently in the holdings of the Istanbul Archaeology Museum. History According to many scholars, both the provenance and date of the Alexander Sarcophagus remain uncontested, landing it firmly in the city of Sidon and having been most likely commissioned after 332 BC. The pertinent and continuous depiction of Abdalonymus, the King of Sidon, helps narrow down the time period in which this sarcophagus was most likely created. We know that Abdalonymus was appointed to this position by Alexander the Great in 333 to 332 BC, and is said to have died in roughly 311 BC (although the exact date is unknown). It was demonstrate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Greco-Persian Art
Greco-Persian art, also Graeco-Persian art or Anatolian-Persian is an artistic synthesis between Ancient Greek art and Achaemenid Persian art, which can mainly be seen in the archaeological finds of ancient Anatolia in present-day Turkey. It is part of the evidence of "the presence of Persians in the region". It has been defined as "a peculiar blend of Hellenistic and Achaemenid, or pseudo-Achaemenid, styles" in the Anatolian peninsula under Achaemenid rule. The Gökçeler relief is an example of this type of art, showing a figure of uncertain ethnic origin, with gifts of "western Anatolian and Greek in origin", however, the clothing he wears are "clearly of Persian influence". The Lycian sarcophagus of Sidon is sometimes presented as an example of Greco-Persian art, although it can also be qualified more precisely as Greco-Anatolian art, since such examples are unknown in the wider Achaemenid Empire. In Greco-Persian art, the representation of gods is usually the result of an a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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