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Lupenians
The Lupenians (, ) or Lpins were a historical tribe that lived in modern-day Republic of Azerbaijan in antiquity. The Lupenians were mentioned in several sources in different languages. They are equated with Pliny's ''Lupenii'', dwelling south of the tribe of ''Silvii'' (Chola), just next to the '' Diduri'' and near the frontier of Caucasian Albania. Agathangelos renders their name in Greek as ''Lifénnioi'' (). The '' Ravenna Cosmography'' mentions their land as "Patria Lepon" situated next to Iberia and the Caspian Sea. The ''Tabula Peutingeriana'' also mentions the Lupenii. Vladimir Minorsky proposed later Arabic versions as well. They were probably related to the Caucasian Albanians. Location Scholars Suren Yeremian and Tengiz Papuashvili proposed Iberia, especially the coast of the Alazan river, as a possible dwelling location of the Lupenians. However, Robert Hewsen opposed the idea and suggested their location as near modern Shamakhi, Azerbaijan, instead. The Lupenians we ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chola (historical City)
Chola was ancient province, as well as its capital city located western coast of Caspian Sea in Toprakhgala () archaeological site of Derbent. Names and meaning Several Byzantine Empire, Byzantine, Armenians, Armenian and Assyrian people, Syriac authors recorded the name of province in their manuscript. Most common of those names is Čor (), known from Agathangelos, Movses Khorenatsi, Moses of Chorene, Elishe, Yeghishe, Ghazar Parpetsi, Lazar Parpetsi, Anania Shirakatsi, Ananias of Shirak, Movses Daskhurantsi and Sebeos. All other exonyms are variants of Armenian ones. A Greek variant of this name, Tzoúr () was used by Byzantine authors like Procopius. Less used variants were Khorutzon () or Tzon by Menander Protector, Menander and Zouár (). 5th century Georgian author Iakob Tsurtaveli names the city as Čora () in his ''Martyrdom of the Holy Queen Shushanik''. Islamic authors like Al-Tabari, Tabari and Ibn Khordadbeh referred to the city as Ṣūl (), another derivation from Arm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caucasian Albania
Caucasian Albania is a modern exonym for a former state located in ancient times in the Caucasus: mostly in what is now Azerbaijan (where both of its capitals were located). The modern endonyms for the area are ''Aghwank'' and ''Aluank'', among the Udi people, who regard themselves as descended from the inhabitants of Caucasian Albania. However, its original endonym is unknown.Robert H. Hewsen. "Ethno-History and the Armenian Influence upon the Caucasian Albanians", in: Samuelian, Thomas J. (Ed.), ''Classical Armenian Culture. Influences and Creativity''. Chicago: 1982, pp. 27-40. Bosworth, Clifford E.br>Arran ''Encyclopædia Iranica''. The name Albania is derived from the Ancient Greek name and Latin .James Stuart Olson. An Ethnohistorical Dictionary of the Russian and Soviet Empires. The prefix "Caucasian" is used purely to avoid confusion with modern Albania of the Balkans, which has no known geographical or historical connections to Caucasian Albania. Little is known of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan (, ; az, Azərbaycan ), officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, , also sometimes officially called the Azerbaijan Republic is a transcontinental country located at the boundary of Eastern Europe and Western Asia. It is a part of the South Caucasus region and is bounded by the Caspian Sea to the east, Russia (Republic of Dagestan) to the north, Georgia to the northwest, Armenia and Turkey to the west, and Iran to the south. Baku is the capital and largest city. The Azerbaijan Democratic Republic proclaimed its independence from the Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic in 1918 and became the first secular democratic Muslim-majority state. In 1920, the country was incorporated into the Soviet Union as the Azerbaijan SSR. The modern Republic of Azerbaijan proclaimed its independence on 30 August 1991, shortly before the dissolution of the Soviet Union in the same year. In September 1991, the ethnic Armenian majority of the Nagorno-Karabakh region formed the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
North Caucasian Huns
The Khuni, Huni or Chuni were a people of the North Caucasus during late antiquity. They have sometimes been referred to as the North Caucasian Huns and are often assumed to be related to the Huns who later entered Eastern Europe. However, the ethnolinguistic and urheimat, geographical origins of the Khuni are unclear. The first contemporaneous reference to the Khuni may be by Dionysius Periegetes and Claudius Ptolemy's Geography (Ptolemy), Geography, in the 2nd century CE, when they are said to be living near the Caspian Sea. According to Agathangelos, there were Huns living among the peoples of the Caucasus in 227 and that they were related to the Iranian Huns. In 535 or 537, an Armenian missionary team headed by the bishop Kardost baptized many of the North Caucasian Huns. The Syriac language, Syriac source reporting this event also indicates that a writing system for Hunnic was developed. Huns are said to have established a polity in Daghestan in the 6th century CE. This m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ibn Khordadbeh
Abu'l-Qasim Ubaydallah ibn Abdallah ibn Khordadbeh ( ar, ابوالقاسم عبیدالله ابن خرداذبه; 820/825–913), commonly known as Ibn Khordadbeh (also spelled Ibn Khurradadhbih; ), was a high-ranking Persian bureaucrat and geographer in the Abbasid Caliphate. He is the author of the earliest surviving Arabic book of administrative geography. Biography Ibn Khordadbeh was the son of Abdallah ibn Khordadbeh, who had governed the northern Iranian region of Tabaristan under the Abbasid caliph al-Mamun (), and in 816/17 conquered the neighbouring region of Daylam, as well as repelled the Bavandid ''ispahbadh'' (ruler) Shahriyar I () from the highlands of Tabaristan. Ibn Khordadbeh's grandfather was Khordadbeh, a former Zoroastrian who was convinced by the Barmakids to convert to Islam. He may have been the same person as Khordadbeh al-Razi, who had provided Abu'l-Hasan al-Mada'ini (died 843) the details regarding the flight of the last Sasanian emperor Yazdege ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shaki, Azerbaijan
Shaki ( az, Şəki) is a city in northwestern Azerbaijan, surrounded by the district of the same name. It is located on the southern part of the Greater Caucasus mountain range, from Baku. As of 2020, it has a population of 68,400. The center of the city and the Palace of Shaki Khans were inscribed in the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2019 because of its unique architecture and its history as an important trading center along the Silk Road. Etymology According to the Azerbaijani historians, the name of the town goes back to the ethnonym of the Sakas, who reached the territory of modern-day Azerbaijan in the 7th century B.C. and populated it for several centuries. In the medieval sources, the name of the town is found in various forms such as Sheke, Sheki, Shaka, Shakki, Shakne, Shaken, Shakkan, Shekin. The city was known as ''Nukha'' ( az, Nuxa; russian: Нуха) until 1968. History Antiquity There are traces of large-scale settlements in Shaki dating back to more than 27 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Murtazali Gadjiev
Murtazali Gadjiev () is a Russian-Dagestani archaeologist and scholar. He is the head of the archaeology department of Dagestan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Science. Gadjiev is specialised in the history of Derbent (Darband), Sasanian-era Persian presence in Caucasus and Culture of Caucasian Albania. Life and work Born in 1956 in Makhachkala Makhachkala ( rus, Махачкала, , məxətɕkɐˈla, links=yes),; av, Махӏачхъала, Maħaçqala; ce, ХӀинжа-ГӀала, Hinƶa-Ġala; az, Маһачгала, Mahaçqala; nog, Махачкала; lbe, Махачкъала; ..., Republic of Dagestan and graduated from Daghestan State University (Makhachkala) and Institute of Archaeology, RAS, in Moscow. He has been a professor of 'Field Archaeology' at the Daghestan University in Makhachkala for around 10 years. Murtazali Gadjjiev is a member of the Editorial board of the ''Journal of Caucasian Archeology'', Tbilisi, and Deputy-Chairman of the Coordinatin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catholicos
Catholicos, plural Catholicoi, is a title used for the head of certain churches in some Eastern Christian traditions. The title implies autocephaly and in some cases it is the title of the head of an autonomous church. The word comes from ancient Greek , pl. , derived from (, "generally") from (, "down") and (, "whole"), meaning "concerning the whole, universal, general"; it originally designated a financial or civil office in the Roman Empire.Wigram, p. 91. The name of the Catholic Church comes from the same word—however, the title "Catholicos" does not exist in its hierarchy. The Church of the East, some Oriental Orthodox, Eastern Orthodox, and Eastern Catholic churches historically use this title;The Motu Proprio ''Cleri Sanctitati'' Canon 335 for example the Armenian Apostolic Church and the Georgian Orthodox Church. In the Church of the East, the title was given to the church's head, the Patriarch of the Church of the East. It is still used in two successor churches, th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Viro (Catholicos)
Viro or Viroy (, ) was the List of Caucasian Albanian catholicoi, Catholicos and head of Church of Caucasian Albania, Caucasian Albanian Church in the early 7th century. His full official title was ''Catholicos of Albania, Lupenia and Chola.'' Life in Sassanid court He succeeded Abas (Catholicos), Ter Abas as head of Church of Caucasian Albania, Caucasian Albanian Church in 596. Nothing is known about him prior to his tenure as catholicos. He was residing in Paytakaran (city), Paytakaran during early reign of Khosrow II according to Stepanos Asoghik. According to ''The History of the Country of Albania'' he fled to Sassanid court after an ill-fated rebellion by Albanian nobles. While Marie-Félicité Brosset, Marie Brosset links this to Khosrow's attack on Byzantine Empire during Byzantine–Sasanian War of 602–628, Charles Dowsett, Dowsett finds this unconvincing. He was described as a learned theologian and skillful diplomat, succeeding at learning Middle Persian, Parsig and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abas (Catholicos)
Abas () or Tēr Abas was the Catholicos and head of Caucasian Albanian Church in the late 6th century. He is considered as first autocephalous catholicos of Albania, by the virtue of adoption of his full official insulatio as ''Catholicos of Albania, Lupenia and Chola.'' However, previous catholicoi were also mentioned in other sources. Tenure According to ''The History of the Country of Albania'', prior to his election as catholicos, he was leading Greater Arran bishopric (). While Kaghankatvatsi describes his tenure as 44 years starting from establishment of Armenian calendar (that is 552–596 in Gregorian calendar), Mkhitar Gosh offers 23 years (552-575), with Kirakos Gandzaketsi offering as little as 14 years (552-566). Activities His tenure saw the transfer of patriarchal see of Albania from Chola to Partav. He was also indirectly mentioned with restoration of Katarovank which was in ruins since days of Sanesan. According to a colophon, he recovered some relics of St. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Church Of Caucasian Albania
The Church of Albania or the Albanian Apostolic Church was an ancient, briefly autocephalous church established in the 5th century. Igor KuznetsoUdis/ref> In 705, It fell under the religious jurisdiction of the Armenian Apostolic Church as the Catholicosate of AghvankRobert H. Hewsen, ''Armenia: A Historical Atlas''. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2001, pp. 40, 72, 80. centered in Caucasian Albania, a region spanning present-day northern Azerbaijan and southern Dagestan. In medieval times, the Gandzasar monastery served as the See of the Catholicosate of Aghvank of the Armenian Apostolic Church, which continued to exist until 1828 (or 1836) when it was formally abolished by the Russian authorities, following the forced cession of the last territories in the Caucasus maintained under Iranian Qajar rule per the Treaty of Turkmenchay and the Russo-Persian War (1826–1828). Origins of Christianity in Caucasian Albania According to local folk lore, Christianity entered ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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