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Louis Alexandre De La Rochefoucauld D'Enville
Louis-Alexandre de La Rochefoucauld (4 July 1743, Paris - 4 September 1792, Gisors, Normandy) was a French nobleman and politician. He was a member of the House of La Rochefoucauld (one of the oldest and most famous French noble families, originating in La Roche in the 10th-11th centuries) and a major lord under the Ancien Régime. He also played a political role in 1789 early on in the French Revolution before being executed in the September Massacres. He was a duke, initially with the title 'duc d'Enville' or 'duc d'Anville' and later with that of 6th duc de La Rochefoucauld. He was a cousin to François Alexandre Frédéric de La Rochefoucauld-Liancourt and Ambroise-Polycarpe de La Rochefoucauld-Doudeauville. Life He was a son of Jean-Baptiste de La Rochefoucauld de Roye (killed in the 1746 Duc d'Anville expedition) and Marie-Louise-Nicole de La Rochefoucauld. In 1762,he married Louise-Pauline de Gand de Mérode, but they had no children. That same year he inherited the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis Alexandre
Louis Alexandre may refer to: * Louis Alexandre, Prince of Lamballe Louis Alexandre de Bourbon (Louis Alexandre Joseph Stanislas; 6 September 1747 – 6 May 1768) was the son and heir of Louis Jean Marie de Bourbon, great grandson of Louis XIV by the king's legitimised son, Louis Alexandre de Bourbon. He was ... (1747–1768) * Louis Alexandre, Count of Toulouse (1678–1737) {{hndis, Alexandre, Louis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Déodat Gratet De Dolomieu
Dieudonné Sylvain Guy Tancrède de Gratet de Dolomieu usually known as Déodat de Dolomieu (; 23 June 175028 November 1801) was a French geologist. The mineral and the rock dolomite and the largest summital crater on the Piton de la Fournaise volcano were named after him. Biography Déodat de Dolomieu was born in Dauphiné, France, one of 11 children of Marie-Françoise de Berénger and her husband, the Marquis de Dolomieu. As a child young Déodat showed considerable intellectual potential and special interest in the natural surroundings of his home in the Alps of southeastern France. De Dolomieu began his military career in the Sovereign and Military Order of the Knights of Saint John (also called the Knights Hospitaller or the Knights of Malta) at the age of 12. His association with the Maltese order caused him difficulties throughout his life, beginning with a duel, which he fought at the age of 18, when he killed a fellow member of the order. For this infraction he was sente ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Château De La Roche-Guyon
La Roche-Guyon () is a commune in the Val-d'Oise department in Île-de-France in northern France. It is located in the . The commune grew around the Château de La Roche-Guyon, upon which historically it depended for its existence. The commune's population in 2019 was 479. Geography It is located approximately 58 km from Paris. Château de La Roche-Guyon The present Château de La Roche-Guyon was built in the 12th century, controlling a river crossing of the Seine, itself one of the routes to and from Normandy; The Abbé Suger described its grim aspect: "At the summit of a steep promontory, dominating the bank of the great river Seine, rises a frightful castle without title to nobility, called La Roche. Invisible on the surface, it is hollowed out of a high cliff. The able hand of the builder has established in the mountainside, digging into the rock, an ample dwelling provided with a few miserable openings". In the mid-13th century, a fortified manor house (the ''châ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Forges-les-Eaux
Forges-les-Eaux () is a commune in the Seine-Maritime department in the Normandy region in northern France. On 1 January 2016, the former commune of Le Fossé was merged into Forges-les-Eaux. Geography A farming and spa town, with considerable light industry, situated by the banks of the rivers Andelle and Epte, in the Pays de Bray, some southeast of Dieppe, at the junction of the D 915, D 921, D1314 and D 919 roads. History Known as "De Forgis" in 1186, the first part of the name, Forges, is derived from the fact that it was an important centre for the mining and manufacturing of iron in Roman times. The second part of its name comes from the therapeutic use of the thermal waters from the sixteenth century onwards. A seigneur from Forges took part in the Battle of Hastings and another took part in the First Crusade. During the Hundred Years War, a certain Philippe de Forges was killed in 1356 at the Battle of Poitiers. Years later, but in the same conflict, the Englis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
10 August (French Revolution)
The Insurrection of 10 August 1792 was a defining event of the French Revolution, when armed revolutionaries in Paris, increasingly in conflict with the French monarchy, stormed the Tuileries Palace. The conflict led France to abolish the monarchy and establish a republic. Conflict between King Louis XVI of France and the country's new revolutionary Legislative Assembly increased through the spring and summer of 1792 as Louis vetoed radical measures voted upon by the Assembly. Tensions accelerated dramatically on 1 August when news reached Paris that the commander of the allied Prussian and Austrian armies had issued the Brunswick Manifesto, threatening "unforgettable vengeance" on Paris should harm be done to the French Monarchy. On 10 August, the National Guard of the Paris Commune and '' fédérés'' from Marseille and Brittany stormed the King's residence in the Tuileries Palace in Paris, which was defended by the Swiss Guards. Hundreds of Swiss guardsmen and 400 revolut ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis Pierre Manuel
Louis Pierre Manuel (July 1751 – 14 November 1793) was a republican French writer, municipal administrator of the police, and public prosecutor during the French Revolution who was arrested, trialled and guillotined. Life Revolutionary He was born at Montargis, Loiret, and entered the Confraternity of Christian Doctrine, becoming tutor to the son of a Paris banker. In 1783 his clandestine pamphlet, ''Essais historiques, critiques, littéraires, et philosophiques'', resulted in his being imprisoned in the Bastille. Manuel, a man of letters passionately embraced the revolutionary ideas, and after the storming of the Bastille became a member of the provisional municipality of Paris, administrating the Garde Nationale and gendarme. Early December 1791 he was elected as ''procureur public'' of the commune, charged with both the investigation and prosecution of crime and representing the King. In a discussion about the right of veto (to suspend a law for a period or until ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constituent Assembly
A constituent assembly (also known as a constitutional convention, constitutional congress, or constitutional assembly) is a body assembled for the purpose of drafting or revising a constitution. Members of a constituent assembly may be elected by popular vote, drawn by sortition, appointed, or some combination of these methods. Assemblies are typically considered distinct from a regular legislature, although members of the legislature may compose a significant number or all of its members. As the fundamental document constituting a state, a constitution cannot normally be modified or amended by the state's normal legislative procedures in some jurisdictions; instead a constitutional convention or a constituent assembly, the rules for which are normally laid down in the constitution, must be set up. A constituent assembly is usually set up for its specific purpose, which it carries out in a relatively short time, after which the assembly is dissolved. A constituent assembly is a f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Third Estate
The estates of the realm, or three estates, were the broad orders of social hierarchy used in Christendom (Christian Europe) from the Middle Ages to early modern Europe. Different systems for dividing society members into estates developed and evolved over time. The best known system is the French ''Ancien Régime'' (Old Regime), a three-estate system which was made up of clergy (the First Estate), nobles (Second Estate), peasants and bourgeoisie (Third Estate). In some regions, notably Sweden and Russia, burghers (the urban merchant class) and rural commoners were split into separate estates, creating a four-estate system with rural commoners ranking the lowest as the Fourth Estate. In Norway the taxpaying classes were considered as one, and with a very little aristocracy, this class/estate were as powerful as the monarchy itself. In Denmark, however, only owners of large tracts of land had any influence. Furthermore, the non-landowning poor could be left outside the estates, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Estates General Of 1789 In France
The Estates General of 1789 was a general assembly representing the French estates of the realm: the clergy (First Estate), the nobility (Second Estate), and the commoners (Third Estate). It was the last of the Estates General of the Kingdom of France. Summoned by King Louis XVI, the Estates General of 1789 ended when the Third Estate formed the National Assembly and, against the wishes of the King, invited the other two estates to join. This signaled the outbreak of the French Revolution. The decision to summon the Estates First Assembly of Notables and peasants The suggestion to summon the Estates General came from the Assembly of Notables installed by the King on 22 February 1787. This institution had not been called since 1614. In 1787, the Parlement of Paris was refusing to ratify Charles Alexandre de Calonne's program of badly needed financial reform, due to the special interests of its noble members. Calonne was the Controller-General of Finances, appointed by the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
American Philosophical Society
The American Philosophical Society (APS), founded in 1743 in Philadelphia, is a scholarly organization that promotes knowledge in the sciences and humanities through research, professional meetings, publications, library resources, and community outreach. Considered the first learned society in the United States, it has about 1,000 elected members, and by April 2020 had had only 5,710 members since its creation. Through research grants, published journals, the American Philosophical Society Museum, an extensive library, and regular meetings, the society supports a variety of disciplines in the humanities and the sciences. Philosophical Hall, now a museum, is just east of Independence Hall in Independence National Historical Park; it was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1965. History The Philosophical Society, as it was originally called, was founded in 1743 by Benjamin Franklin, James Alexander, Francis Hopkinson, John Bartram, Philip Syng, Jr. and others as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Académie Des Sciences (France)
The French Academy of Sciences (French: ''Académie des sciences'') is a learned society, founded in 1666 by Louis XIV at the suggestion of Jean-Baptiste Colbert, to encourage and protect the spirit of French scientific research. It was at the forefront of scientific developments in Europe in the 17th and 18th centuries, and is one of the earliest Academies of Sciences. Currently headed by Patrick Flandrin (President of the Academy), it is one of the five Academies of the Institut de France. History The Academy of Sciences traces its origin to Colbert's plan to create a general academy. He chose a small group of scholars who met on 22 December 1666 in the King's library, near the present-day Bibliothèque Nationals, and thereafter held twice-weekly working meetings there in the two rooms assigned to the group. The first 30 years of the Academy's existence were relatively informal, since no statutes had as yet been laid down for the institution. In contrast to its Britis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Académie Nationale De Médecine
Situated at 16 Rue Bonaparte in the 6th arrondissement of Paris, the Académie nationale de médecine (National Academy of Medicine) was created in 1820 by King Louis XVIII at the urging of baron Antoine Portal. At its inception, the institution was known as the Académie royale de médecine (or ''Royal Academy of Medicine''). This academy was endowed with the legal status of two institutions which preceded it—the Académie royale de chirurgie (or ''Royal Academy of Surgery''), which was created in 1731 and of the Société royale de médecine (or ''Royal Society of Medicine''), which was created in 1776. Background Academy members initially convened at the ''Paris Faculty of Medicine (or Faculté de Médecine de Paris)''. Four years later, the academy acquired its own headquarters, in the form of a mansion in the rue de Poitiers, where it was located until 1850. The office was then relocated to a vaulted hall of the Hospital of Charity on rue Saint Pierre. Their current ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
