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Long Range Certificate
The Long Range Certificate is an internationally valid certificate issued to radio station operators. It entitles the holder to participate in marine communications on leisure crafts using Marine VHF, Medium Frequency, High Frequency radios and Inmarsat satellite communication as agreed in Global Maritime Distress and Safety System. The certificate is consistent with the agreement of the Article S47 of the ITU Radio Regulations. Issuing authorities Depending on local legislation, the certificate can be issued e.g. by a maritime association such as the AMERC in the UK, or a regulatory agency such as FICORA The Finnish Communications Regulatory Authority, abbreviated to FICORA ( fi, Viestintävirasto, sv, Kommunikationsverket), was the public authority responsible for communication regulations in Finland. FICORA regulated radio frequencies and telev ... in Finland. Course and Exam (UK) The Long Range Certificate Training course takes four days including the exam on the f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leisure Craft
Boating is the leisurely activity of travelling by boat, or the recreational use of a boat whether powerboats, sailboats, or man-powered vessels (such as rowing and paddle boats), focused on the travel itself, as well as sports activities, such as fishing or waterskiing. It is a popular activity, and there are millions of boaters worldwide. Types of boats Boats (boat types) can be categorized into 3 different types types of board categories, unpowered, motor boats, and sailboats.Recreational boats (sometimes called pleasure craft, especially for less sporting activities) fall into several broad categories, and additional subcategories. Broad categories include dinghies (generally under 16 feet (5 m) powered by sail, small engines, or muscle power) usually made from hardwood or inflatable rubber. paddle sports boats (kayaks, rowing shells, canoes), runabouts (15–25 ft. (5–8 m) powerboats with either outboard, sterndrive, or inboard engines), daysailers (14–25 Ft. (4–8 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marine VHF Radio
Marine VHF radio is a worldwide system of two way radio transceivers on ships and watercraft used for bidirectional voice communication from ship-to-ship, ship-to-shore (for example with harbormasters), and in certain circumstances ship-to-aircraft. It uses FM channels in the very high frequency (VHF) radio band in the frequency range between 156 and 174 MHz, inclusive, designated by the International Telecommunication Union as the ''VHF maritime mobile band''. In some countries additional channels are used, such as the L and F channels for leisure and fishing vessels in the Nordic countries (at 155.5–155.825 MHz). Transmitter power is limited to 25 watts, giving them a range of about . Marine VHF radio equipment is installed on all large ships and most seagoing small craft. It is also used, with slightly different regulation, on rivers and lakes. It is used for a wide variety of purposes, including marine navigation and traffic control, summoning rescue servic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Medium Frequency
Medium frequency (MF) is the ITU designation for radio frequencies (RF) in the range of 300 kilohertz (kHz) to 3 megahertz (MHz). Part of this band is the medium wave (MW) AM broadcast band. The MF band is also known as the hectometer band as the wavelengths range from ten to one hectometer (1000 to 100 m). Frequencies immediately below MF are denoted low frequency (LF), while the first band of higher frequencies is known as high frequency (HF). MF is mostly used for AM radio broadcasting, navigational radio beacons, maritime ship-to-shore communication, and transoceanic air traffic control. Propagation Radio waves at MF wavelengths propagate via ground waves and reflection from the ionosphere (called skywaves). Ground waves follow the curvature of Earth. At these wavelengths they can bend (diffract) over hills, and travel beyond the visual horizon, although they may be blocked by mountain ranges. Typical MF radio stations can cover a radius of several hun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
High Frequency
High frequency (HF) is the ITU designation for the range of radio frequency electromagnetic waves (radio waves) between 3 and 30 megahertz (MHz). It is also known as the decameter band or decameter wave as its wavelengths range from one to ten decameters (ten to one hundred meters). Frequencies immediately below HF are denoted medium frequency (MF), while the next band of higher frequencies is known as the very high frequency (VHF) band. The HF band is a major part of the shortwave band of frequencies, so communication at these frequencies is often called shortwave radio. Because radio waves in this band can be reflected back to Earth by the ionosphere layer in the atmosphere – a method known as "skip" or " skywave" propagation – these frequencies are suitable for long-distance communication across intercontinental distances and for mountainous terrains which prevent line-of-sight communications. The band is used by international shortwave broadcasting stations ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Satellite Communication
A communications satellite is an artificial satellite that relays and amplifies radio telecommunication signals via a transponder; it creates a communication channel between a source transmitter and a receiver at different locations on Earth. Communications satellites are used for television, telephone, radio, internet, and military applications. Many communications satellites are in geostationary orbit above the equator, so that the satellite appears stationary at the same point in the sky; therefore the satellite dish antennas of ground stations can be aimed permanently at that spot and do not have to move to track the satellite. Others form satellite constellations in low Earth orbit, where antennas on the ground have to follow the position of the satellites and switch between satellites frequently. The high frequency radio waves used for telecommunications links travel by line of sight and so are obstructed by the curve of the Earth. The purpose of communications satelli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Global Maritime Distress And Safety System
The Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS) is a worldwide system for automated emergency signal communication for ships at sea developed by the United Nations' International Maritime Organization (IMO) as part of the SOLAS Convention. It's a set of safety procedures, types of equipment, and communication protocols used for safety and rescue operations of the distressed ships, boats, and aircraft. It's supplemental to the International Convention on Maritime Search and Rescue (ICMSaR) adopted in 1979 and provides basis for the communication. GMDSS consists of several systems which are intended to perform the following functions: alerting (including position determination of the ship in distress) ships in the vicinity and ashore authorities, search and rescue coordination, locating (homing), maritime safety information broadcasts, general communications, and bridge-to-bridge communications. Specific radio carriage requirements depend upon the ship's area of operatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ITU Radio Regulations
The ITU Radio Regulations (short: RR) is a basic document of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) that regulates on law of nations scale radiocommunication services and the utilisation of radio frequencies. It is the supplementation to the ITU Constitution and Convention and in line with the ITU International Telecommunication Regulations (ITR). The ITU RR comprise and regulate the part of the allocated electromagnetic spectrum (also: radio frequency spectrum) from 9 kHz to 275 GHz. Structure The current approved version of the ITU Radio Regulations (addition 2012) is structured as follows: Volume 1 – Articles * CHAPTER I – Terminology and technical characteristics **Section I – General terms (article 1.1-1.15) **Section II – Specific terms related to frequency management (article 1.16-1.18) **Section III – Radiocommunication services (article 1.19-1.60) **Section IV – Radio stations and systems (article 1.61-1.115) **Section V – Operationa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
FICORA
The Finnish Communications Regulatory Authority, abbreviated to FICORA ( fi, Viestintävirasto, sv, Kommunikationsverket), was the public authority responsible for communication regulations in Finland. FICORA regulated radio frequencies and television broadcast permits, supervised the operation of Internet service providers, and managed the .fi domain zone. FICORA was headquartered in Helsinki. FICORA acted as the national telecommunications regulatory body, representing Finland in ITU and ETSI. It was one of the standards writing bodies working with the Finnish Standards Association. It was founded in 1988 as the State Agency for Telecommunications Administration (THK; fi, Telehallintokeskus, sv, Teleförvaltningscentralen) by combining the regulatory divisions of the Finnish PTT agency ( fi) and that of Yleisradio (YLE) into a single agency, and adopted its name in 2001. FICORA, the Finnish Transport Safety Agency (Trafi), and certain functions of the Finnish Transport Ag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maritime Communication
Maritime may refer to: Geography * Maritime Alps, a mountain range in the southwestern part of the Alps * Maritime Region, a region in Togo * Maritime Southeast Asia * The Maritimes, the Canadian provinces of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and Prince Edward Island * Maritime County, former county of Poland, existing from 1927 to 1939, and from 1945 to 1951 * Neustadt District, Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia, known from 1939 to 1942 as ''Maritime District'', a former district of Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia, Nazi Germany, from 1939 to 1945 * The Maritime Republics, thalassocratic city-states on the Italian peninsula during the Middle Ages Museums * Maritime Museum (Belize) * Maritime Museum (Macau), China * Maritime Museum (Malaysia) * Maritime Museum (Stockholm), Sweden Music * ''Maritime'' (album), a 2005 album by Minotaur Shock * Maritime (band), an American indie pop group * "The Maritimes" (song), a song on the 2005 album ''Boy-Cott-In the Industry'' by Classified * "Maritime ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
