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London Democratic Association
The East London Democratic Association (ELDA) was founded in January 1837 by George Julian Harney in opposition to the LWMA, later supported by James Bronterre O'Brien and Feargus O'Connor Feargus Edward O'Connor (18 July 1796 – 30 August 1855) was an Irish Chartist leader and advocate of the Land Plan, which sought to provide smallholdings for the labouring classes. A highly charismatic figure, O'Connor was admired for his .... In April 1838 ELDA was reconstituted as the London Democratic Association (LDA) with an eight-point resolution covering the Charter and more. Closely allied with the northern Chartists, by the end of 1838, the LDA had branches meeting in public houses within the City, Tower Hamlets and Southwark in addition to the regular meeting held at the Trades Hall, Bethnal Green. During its active period, the LDA attracted the largest membership of any early metropolitan Chartist organisation (a little over 3,000 members).{{cite book , last = Chase ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Julian Harney
George Julian Harney (17 February 1817 – 9 December 1897) was a British political activist, journalist, and Chartist leader. He was also associated with Marxism, socialism, and universal suffrage. Early life George Julian Harney, the son of a seaman, was born in Deptford in south-east London. When Harney was eleven he entered the Boy's Naval School at Greenwich. However, instead of pursuing a career in the navy he became a shop-boy for Henry Hetherington, the editor of the '' Poor Man's Guardian''. Harney was imprisoned three times for selling this unstamped newspaper. This experience radicalised Harney and although he was initially a member of the London Working Men's Association he became impatient with the organization’s failure to make much progress in the efforts to obtain universal suffrage. Harney was influenced by the more militant ideas of William Benbow, James Bronterre O'Brien and Feargus O'Connor. In January 1837 Harney became one of the founders of the op ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
London Working Men's Association
The London Working Men's Association was an organisation established in London in 1836. British Library 2011. Retrieved 19 July 2011. It was one of the foundations of Chartism, advocating for right to vote, universal male suffrage, equally-populated electoral districts, the abolition of Property qualification, property qualifications for MPs, annual Parliaments, the payment of MPs, and the establishment of Secret ballot, secret ballot voting. The founders were William Lovett, Francis Place and Henry Hetherington. They appealed to skilled workers rather than the mass of unskilled factory labourers. They were associated with Owenite socialism and the movement for general education. |
James Bronterre O'Brien
James Bronterre O'Brien (1805Many sources give the time of his birth as 'early February 1804'. – 23 December 1864) was an Irish Chartist leader, reformer and journalist. Early years James O'Brien was born near Granard, County Longford, Ireland in 1804 or 1805. He went to a local church school, where one of his teachers recognised his intellectual abilities and arranged for him to be educated at the progressive Lovell Edgeworth School. In 1822 he proceeded to Trinity College, Dublin, where he won several academic prizes including the Science Gold Medal. After studying law at King's Inns, O'Brien moved to England in 1829 with the intention of becoming a lawyer in London. Political awakening and activism In London he joined the Radical Reform Association where he met Henry Hunt, William Cobbett, Henry Hetherington and other leaders of the struggle for universal suffrage. In 1836 he joined the London Working Men's Association. O'Brien began contributing articles to H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Feargus O'Connor
Feargus Edward O'Connor (18 July 1796 – 30 August 1855) was an Irish Chartist leader and advocate of the Land Plan, which sought to provide smallholdings for the labouring classes. A highly charismatic figure, O'Connor was admired for his energy and oratory, but was criticised for alleged egotism. His newspaper '' Northern Star'' (1837–1852) was widely read among workers (and read aloud in taverns), becoming the voice of the Chartist movement. After the failure of his Land Plan, O'Connor's behaviour became increasingly erratic, culminating in an assault on three MPs and a mental breakdown, from which he did not recover. After his death three years later at the age of 59, 40,000 people witnessed the funeral procession. Early life Feargus O'Connor was born on 18 July 1796 in Connorville house, near Castletown-Kinneigh in west County Cork, into a prominent Irish Protestant family. He was originally christened Edward Bowen O'Connor, but his father chose to call him Feargu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Democratic Association
The Central Democratic Association, also known as the Democratic Association or the Democrats, was a political party of Chartists which was prominent in Sheffield, England in the mid-nineteenth century. Establishment Sheffield Town Council was constituted in 1843. While the town had one of the less restrictive electoral franchises, only ratepayers of three years standing were permitted to vote. Tenants of cottages, including many workers in the city, typically paid their rates indirectly through their landlords and were therefore not permitted to vote. This set-up had been unproblematic until the Council was founded, but was now of concern, as the registered voters were generally the wealthier residents. In 1843, only 5,584 people were registered to vote, and this had risen to 8,000 in 1845.Clyde Binfield et al., ''The History of the City of Sheffield 1843 - 1993: Volume I: Politics'' In 1846, a committee of Chartists in the city met to discuss the problem of voter registrati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chartism
Chartism was a working-class movement for political reform in the United Kingdom that erupted from 1838 to 1857 and was strongest in 1839, 1842 and 1848. It took its name from the People's Charter of 1838 and was a national protest movement, with particular strongholds of support in Northern England, the East Midlands, the Staffordshire Potteries, the Black Country, and the South Wales Valleys. The movement was fiercely opposed by government authorities who finally suppressed it. Support for the movement was at its highest when petitions signed by millions of working people were presented to the House of Commons. The strategy employed was to use the scale of support which these petitions and the accompanying mass meetings demonstrated to put pressure on politicians to concede manhood suffrage. Chartism thus relied on constitutional methods to secure its aims, though some became involved in insurrectionary activities, notably in South Wales and in Yorkshire. The People's Chart ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Social Movements
A social movement is a loosely organized effort by a large group of people to achieve a particular goal, typically a social or political one. This may be to carry out a social change, or to resist or undo one. It is a type of group action and may involve individuals, organizations, or both. Social movements have been described as "organizational structures and strategies that may empower oppressed populations to mount effective challenges and resist the more powerful and advantaged elites". They represent a method of social change from the bottom within nations. Political science and sociology have developed a variety of theories and empirical research on social movements. For example, some research in political science highlights the relation between popular movements and the formation of new political parties as well as discussing the function of social movements in relation to agenda setting and influence on politics. Sociologists distinguish between several types of social mov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Political Movements
A political movement is a collective attempt by a group of people to change government policy or social values. Political movements are usually in opposition to an element of the status quo, and are often associated with a certain ideology. Some theories of political movements are the political opportunity theory, which states that political movements stem from mere circumstances, and the resource mobilization theory which states that political movements result from strategic organization and relevant resources. Political movements are also related to political parties in the sense that they both aim to make an impact on the government and that several political parties have emerged from initial political movements. While political parties are engaged with a multitude of issues, political movements tend to focus on only one major issue. Political movement theories Some of the theories behind social movements have also been applied to the emergence of political movements in specif ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1837 Establishments In England
Events January–March * January 1 – The destructive Galilee earthquake causes 6,000–7,000 casualties in Ottoman Syria. * January 26 – Michigan becomes the 26th state admitted to the United States. * February – Charles Dickens's ''Oliver Twist'' begins publication in serial form in London. * February 4 – Seminoles attack Fort Foster in Florida. * February 25 – In Philadelphia, the Institute for Colored Youth (ICY) is founded, as the first institution for the higher education of black people in the United States. * March 1 – The Congregation of Holy Cross is formed in Le Mans, France, by the signing of the Fundamental Act of Union, which legally joins the Auxiliary Priests of Blessed Basil Moreau, CSC, and the Brothers of St. Joseph (founded by Jacques-François Dujarié) into one religious association. * March 4 ** Martin Van Buren is sworn in as the eighth President of the United States. ** The city of Chicago is incorporated. April–June * April 12 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
