|
Lithuanian Righteous Among The Nations
Righteous Among the Nations ( he, חסיד אומות העולם) is an honorary title given by the State of Israel to citizens of other countries who risked their lives during the Holocaust rescuing Jewish people. , 915 people from Lithuania have been honored as Righteous Among the Nations by Yad Vashem for saving Jews during World War II. The Lithuanian list includes not only Lithuanians, but also Poles and Russians. The search for the righteous is ongoing but it has become increasingly difficult to find survivors who can confirm the fact of rescue and tell their story. Most of the Jews were saved by peasants as it was easier to hide them in remote farms and most rescued Jews were children as they attracted less attention. More Jews were saved in Samogitia (western Lithuania) than in other areas of Lithuania. Many of the rescued Jews were helped by multiple people. For example, Glikas family (parents and five children) was helped by about twenty Lithuanian families; ten individual ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Holocaust
The Holocaust, also known as the Shoah, was the genocide of European Jews during World War II. Between 1941 and 1945, Nazi Germany and its collaborators systematically murdered some six million Jews across German-occupied Europe; around two-thirds of Europe's Jewish population. The murders were carried out in pogroms and mass shootings; by a policy of extermination through labor in concentration camps; and in gas chambers and gas vans in German extermination camps, chiefly Auschwitz-Birkenau, Bełżec, Chełmno, Majdanek, Sobibór, and Treblinka in occupied Poland. Germany implemented the persecution in stages. Following Adolf Hitler's appointment as chancellor on 30 January 1933, the regime built a network of concentration camps in Germany for political opponents and those deemed "undesirable", starting with Dachau on 22 March 1933. After the passing of the Enabling Act on 24 March, which gave Hitler dictatorial plenary powers, the government began isolating Je ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Act Of Independence Of Lithuania
The Act of Independence of Lithuania ( lt, Lietuvos Nepriklausomybės Aktas) or the Act of February 16, also the Lithuanian Resolution on Independence ( lt, Lietuvos Nepriklausomybės Nutarimas), The signed document is actually titled simply '' Nutarimas'', meaning "decision" or "resolution", and it "proclaims the restoration of the independent state of Lithuania". was signed by the Council of Lithuania on February 16, 1918, proclaiming the restoration of an independent State of Lithuania, governed by democratic principles, with Vilnius as its capital. The Act was signed by all twenty representatives of the Council, which was chaired by Jonas Basanavičius. The Act of February 16 was the result of a series of resolutions on the issue, including one issued by the Vilnius Conference and the Act of January 8. The path to the Act was long and complex because the German Empire exerted pressure on the Council to form an alliance. The Council had to carefully maneuver between the Germ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elena Žalinkevičaitė-Petrauskienė
Elena Žalinkevičaitė-Petrauskienė (September 23, 1900 – May 23, 1986) was a Lithuanian actress and writer. She was also the Lithuanian tenor Kipras Petrauskas's wife. In 1942, her husband was asked to hide a Jewish baby girl, Dana Pomeranz, which she and he agreed to. To hide the girl better, Elena and her husband left the city, moving first to a Lithuanian village, and later to Austria and then Germany. In 1947 they came back to Lithuania, and they found Dana's parents and gave her back to them. In 1999 Elena and her husband were recognized by Yad Vashem as two of the Righteous Among the Nations Righteous Among the Nations ( he, חֲסִידֵי אֻמּוֹת הָעוֹלָם, ; "righteous (plural) of the world's nations") is an honorific used by the State of Israel to describe non-Jews who risked their lives during the Holocaust to sav .... References {{DEFAULTSORT:Zalinkevicaite-Petrauskiene, Elena 1900 births 1986 deaths Lithuanian stage actresses Lithuania ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kipras Petrauskas
Kipras Petrauskas (November 23, 1885 as Ciprijonas Petrauskas – January 17, 1968) was a Lithuanian operatic tenor (created around 80 roles), professor, and Lithuanian Association of Artists member. The national opera foundation is associated with him. He was married to Elena Žalinkevičaitė-Petrauskienė. In 1942, he was asked to hide a Jewish baby girl, Dana Pomeranz, which he and his wife agreed to do. To hide the girl better, he and his wife left the city, moving first to a Lithuanian village, and later to Austria and then Germany. In 1947, they came back to Lithuania, found Dana's parents, and gave her back to them. In 1999, Petrauskas and his wife were recognized by Yad Vashem as two of the Righteous Among the Nations. Kipras Petrauskas made his first recordings for Vox (Berlin 1922), then Odeon (1926 and 1928) and finally Columbia (Vilnius, ca. 1933). Gallery File:Kipras Petrauskas ir Mikas Petrauskas.jpg, Kipras Petrauskas with his brother Mikas Petrauskas in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bronislovas Paukštys
Bronislovas "Bronius" Paukštys (15 February 1897 – 17 December 1966) was a Lithuanian Roman Catholic priest who rescued around 120 Jewish children and 25 Jewish adults from the Holocaust in Lithuania. He was recognized as the Righteous Among the Nations in 1977. Paukštys was a primary school teacher before joining the Salesians of Don Bosco and receiving an education in Italy. Ordained as a priest in 1935, he worked in Vytėnai, Saldutiškis, Kaunas. During World War II, he helped Jews by forging documents and by finding safe places to hide. After the war, he was arrested by the Soviet NKVD and sentenced to ten years in Gulag. He returned to Lithuania in 1956 and lived in obscurity. Biography Early life Paukštys was born in in the present-day Kazlų Rūda Municipality. He was the ninth child in the family. He studied at a primary school in Lekėčiai and a progymnasium in Kaunas. He received a teacher's license and began teaching in 1911. In 1918, he completed teachers' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aleksandras Štromas
Alexander Shtromas ( lt, Aleksandras Štromas; 4 April 1931 in Kaunas, Lithuania – 12 June 1999 in Chicago) was a prominent Lithuanian political scientist, dissident, professor and author. Alexander Štromas was a cousin of Irena Veisaitė, Holocaust survivor and later Lithuanian scholar of German literature. Irena's mother and Alexander's father were siblings. Biography Shtromas was born in Kaunas, Lithuania. During the Nazi occupation of Lithuania he was imprisoned in the ghetto. After he was saved from the ghetto, Shtromas was harbored by Antanas Sniečkus. He studied at Vilnius University, and later finished at Moscow State University. In 1964 Shtromas defended his doctoral thesis in law. Soon afterward Shtromas became a critic of the Soviet regime and was forced to emigrate. In 1973 he settled in the United Kingdom. There, he was appointed to a position in the Department of Peace Studies at the University of Bradford by Adam Curle. He later worked at Salford University, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elena Lukauskienė
Elena Lukauskienė (1 January 1909 – 17 March 1959), ''née'' Stankevičiūtė, married Raclauskienė, also Raclauskienė-Lukauskienė, was a Lithuanian chess master. She was a two-time Lithuanian Women's Chess Champion (1938, 1949) and a participant at the Women's World Chess Championship (1939). For saving two Jewish children during the Holocaust in Lithuania, she was recognized as the Righteous Among the Nations in 2006. Chess career From the late 1930s to the early 1950s she was known as one of the strongest chess players in Lithuania. She participated in the pre-war chess tournaments under the surname of her first husband. In 1938, she won the first Lithuanian Women's Chess Championship. In 1939 she participated in the Women's World Chess Championship in Buenos Aires and took 18th place (tournament was won by Vera Menchik). After World War II, she continued to participate in chess tournaments. In 1948, she represented the team of the Lithuanian SSR in the Soviet Team Ches ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Petronėlė Lastienė
Petronėlė Lastienė Sirutytė (9 August 1897 – 29 November 1981) was a Lithuanian teacher and university professor. She was recognized as one of the Righteous Among the Nations for rescuing Jewish children from the Kaunas Ghetto during the Holocaust. During World War I, Lastienė worked as a nurse with the 10th Army. During the interwar period, she worked as a teacher and edited a journal for girl scouts. In 1946, she was arrested for an anti-Soviet memorandum addressed to Western powers and sentenced to eight years in Gulag. She returned to Lithuania in 1953 and was able to get a job teaching Russian language at the Kaunas Polytechnic Institute until her retirement in 1963. Biography Early life and education Lastienė was born on 9 August 1897 in (in present-day Marijampolė Municipality) of the Suwałki Governorate. The same year, her father was arrested and deported to Siberia for participating in the Sietynas organization which smuggled the banned Lithuanian publicat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Irena Veisaitė
Irena Veisaitė (9 January 1928 – 11 December 2020) was a Lithuanian theatre scholar, intellectual and human rights activist. She was awarded the Goethe Medal in 2012 for her contribution to cultural exchange between Germany and Lithuania. Life and career Veisaitė was a Lithuanian Jew. She was born in Kaunas and survived the Holocaust. She earned a doctorate in Leningrad in 1963 with a dissertation on the poetry of Heinrich Heine, and was a lecturer at the teacher's college in Vilnius from 1953 to 1997. She was also head of the Thomas Mann Cultural Centre in Nida, Lithuania. . She was the long-term President of the Open Society in Lithuania Foundation. She was also known for addressing communism in her work, and said in an interview with ''Deutsche Welle'' that "the Soviets were very, very bad. Different from the Nazis, but not better." In 1952, Veisaite married in Moscow to a young Jewish economist named Jakov (Jasha) Boom. Later, she married the Estonian film director G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kazys Ladiga
Kazys Ladiga (25 December 1893 in Iškonys near Biržai – 19 December 1941 in Irkutsk) was a Lithuanian general and one of the first volunteer officers of the Lithuanian army. Upon graduating from the Military Academy in Vilnius, Ladiga served in the Imperial Russian army during World War I and earned the rank of captain. He returned to Lithuania in 1918 and volunteered to the newly formed Lithuanian army. He was appointed as the commander of one of the battalions of the 1st Infantry Regiment. Ladiga quickly rose through the ranks and commanded the Vilkmergė Group in the Lithuanian–Soviet War. He also led units against the Bermontians and in the Polish–Lithuanian War. After an unsuccessful campaign in September 1920, Ladiga resigned field office and joined the General Staff in Kaunas. After the Lithuanian Wars of Independence he continued military studies in Switzerland and Czechoslovakia. He rose to the rank of a general and briefly served as the Chief of the General Staff ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seimas
The Seimas of the Republic of Lithuania ( lt, Lietuvos Respublikos Seimas), or simply the Seimas (), is the unicameral parliament of Lithuania. The Seimas constitutes the legislative branch of government in Lithuania, enacting laws and amendments to the Constitution, passing the budget, confirming the Prime Minister and the Government and controlling their activities. Its 141 members are elected for a four-year term, with 71 elected in individual constituencies, and 70 elected in a nationwide vote based on open list proportional representation. A party must receive at least 5%, and a multi-party union at least 7%, of the national vote to qualify for the proportional representation seats. Following the elections in 2020, the Homeland Union – Lithuanian Christian Democrats is the largest party in the Seimas, forming a ruling coalition with the Liberal Movement and the Freedom Party. The Seimas traces its origins to the Seimas of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Sejm of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mikalojus Konstantinas Čiurlionis
Mikalojus Konstantinas Čiurlionis ( pl, Mikołaj Konstanty Czurlanis – ) was a Lithuanian painter, composer and writer. Čiurlionis contributed to symbolism and art nouveau, and was representative of the fin de siècle epoch. He has been considered one of the pioneers of abstract art in Europe. During his short life, he composed about 400 pieces of music and created about 300 paintings, as well as many literary works and poems. The majority of his paintings are housed in the M. K. Čiurlionis National Art Museum in Kaunas, Lithuania. His works have had a profound influence on modern Lithuanian culture. Biography Mikalojus Konstantinas Čiurlionis was born in Senoji Varėna, a town in southeastern Lithuania that at the time was in the Russian Empire. He was the oldest of nine children of his father, Konstantinas, and his mother, Adelė née Radmanaitė (Radmann), who was descended from a Lutheran family of Bavarian origin. Like many educated Lithuanians of the time, Čiu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
