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List Of Treaties That Confer Jurisdiction On The International Court Of Justice
Some treaties that confer jurisdiction on the ICJ includ *American treaty on pacific settlement, Bogotá, 30 April 1948 *Convention on the prevention and punishment of the crime of genocide, Paris, 9 December 1948 * Revised act for the pacific settlement of international disputes, Lake Success, 28 April 1949 * Convention relating to the status of refugees, Geneva, 28 July 1951 * Treaty of peace with Japan, San Francisco, 8 September 1951 * Treaty of friendship (India/Philippines), Manila, 11 July 1952 *Universal copyright convention, Geneva, 6 September 1952 *European convention for the peaceful settlement of disputes, Strasbourg, 29 April 1957 *Single convention on narcotic drugs, New York, 30 March 1961 * Optional protocol to the Vienna convention on diplomatic relations, concerning the compulsory settlement of disputes, Vienna, 18 April 1961 *International convention on the elimination of all forms of racial discrimination, New York, 7 March 1966 * Convention on the law of treati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
American Treaty On Pacific Settlement
The American Treaty on Pacific Settlement (also known as the Pact of Bogotá) was signed by the independent republics of America gathered at the Ninth International Conference of American States in Bogotá, Colombia, on 30 April 1948. The purpose of the treaty was to impose a general obligation on the signatories to settle their disputes through peaceful means. It also required them to exhaust regional dispute-settlement mechanisms before placing matters before the United Nations Security Council. It is one of the treaties that confer jurisdiction on the International Court of Justice. Signed and ratified without reservations * * * * * * * * Signed and ratified with reservations * * * * * * Signed but not ratified *1 * * *1 * 1 Signed with reservations. Denounced * (on 24 November 1973) * – On 28 November 2012, Colombia announced it would withdraw from the treaty following an adverse ruling by the International Court of Justice. Notes {{reflist External linksAmerican Tr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treaty Of Commerce (Benelux/USSR)
A treaty is a formal, legally binding written agreement between actors in international law. It is usually made by and between sovereign states, but can include international organizations, individuals, business entities, and other legal persons. A treaty may also be known as an international agreement, protocol, covenant, convention, pact, or exchange of letters, among other terms. However, only documents that are legally binding on the parties are considered treaties under international law. Treaties vary on the basis of obligations (the extent to which states are bound to the rules), precision (the extent to which the rules are unambiguous), and delegation (the extent to which third parties have authority to interpret, apply and make rules). Treaties are among the earliest manifestations of international relations, with the first known example being a border agreement between the Sumerian city-states of Lagash and Umma around 3100 BC. International agreements were used in s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Convention On The Prohibition Of The Development, Production, Stockpiling And Use Of Chemical Weapons And Their Destruction
The Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC), officially the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction, is an arms control treaty administered by the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW), an intergovernmental organization based in The Hague, The Netherlands. The treaty entered into force on 29 April 1997, and prohibits the large-scale use, development, production, stockpiling and transfer of chemical weapons and their precursors, except for very limited purposes (research, medical, pharmaceutical or protective). The main obligation of member states under the convention is to effect this prohibition, as well as the destruction of all current chemical weapons. All destruction activities must take place under OPCW verification. As of August 2022, 193 states have become parties to the CWC and accept its obligations. Israel has signed but not ratified the agreement, while three other ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Convention On Biological Diversity
The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), known informally as the Biodiversity Convention, is a multilateral treaty. The Convention has three main goals: the conservation of biological diversity (or biodiversity); the sustainable use of its components; and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from genetic resources. Its objective is to develop national strategies for the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity, and it is often seen as the key document regarding sustainable development. The Convention was opened for signature at the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro on 5 June 1992 and entered into force on 29 December 1993. The United States is the only UN member state which has not ratified the Convention. It has two supplementary agreements, the Cartagena Protocol and Nagoya Protocol. The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety to the Convention on Biological Diversity is an international treaty governing the movements of living modified organisms ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Nations Framework Convention On Climate Change
The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) established an international environmental treaty to combat "dangerous human interference with the climate system", in part by stabilizing greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere. It was signed by 154 states at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), informally known as the Earth Summit, held in Rio de Janeiro from 3 to 14 June 1992. Its original secretariat was in Geneva but relocated to Bonn in 1996. It entered into force on 21 March 1994. The treaty called for ongoing scientific research and regular meetings, negotiations, and future policy agreements designed to allow ecosystems to adapt naturally to climate change, to ensure that food production is not threatened and to enable economic development to proceed in a sustainable manner. The Kyoto Protocol, which was signed in 1997 and ran from 2005 to 2020, was the first implementation of measures under the UNFCCC ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic In Narcotic Drugs And Psychotropic Substances
The United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances of 1988 is one of three major drug control treaties currently in force. It provides additional legal mechanisms for enforcing the 1961 Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs and the 1971 Convention on Psychotropic Substances. The Convention entered into force on November 11, 1990. As of June 2020, there are 191 Parties to the Convention. These include 186 out of 193 United Nations member states (not Equatorial Guinea, Kiribati, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Sudan, or Tuvalu) and the Holy See, the European Union, the Cook Islands, Niue, and the State of Palestine. Background The 1988 Convention was introduced following the political and sociological developments in the 1970s and 1980s. The growing demand for cannabis, cocaine, and heroin for recreational purposes, mostly in the developed world, triggered an increase of illicit production in geographical areas where ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Nations Convention Against Torture And Other Cruel, Inhuman Or Degrading Treatment Or Punishment
The Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (commonly known as the United Nations Convention Against Torture (UNCAT)) is an International human rights instruments, international human rights treaty under the review of the United Nations that aims to prevent torture and other acts of cruel and unusual punishment, cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment around the world. The Convention requires member states to take effective measures to prevent torture in any Territory (geographic region), territory under their jurisdiction, and forbids member states to transport people to any country where there is reason to believe they will be tortured. The text of the convention was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on 10 December 1984 and, following ratification by the 20th state party, it came into force on 26 June 1987. 26 June is now recognized as the International Day in Support of Victims of Torture, in honor of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
General Peace Treaty (Honduras/El Salvador)
A general officer is an officer of high rank in the armies, and in some nations' air forces, space forces, and marines or naval infantry. In some usages the term "general officer" refers to a rank above colonel."general, adj. and n.". OED Online. March 2021. Oxford University Press. https://www.oed.com/view/Entry/77489?rskey=dCKrg4&result=1 (accessed May 11, 2021) The term ''general'' is used in two ways: as the generic title for all grades of general officer and as a specific rank. It originates in the 16th century, as a shortening of '' captain general'', which rank was taken from Middle French ''capitaine général''. The adjective ''general'' had been affixed to officer designations since the late medieval period to indicate relative superiority or an extended jurisdiction. Today, the title of ''general'' is known in some countries as a four-star rank. However, different countries use different systems of stars or other insignia for senior ranks. It has a NATO rank ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Convention Against The Taking Of Hostages
The Hostages Convention (formally the International Convention against the Taking of Hostages) is a United Nations treaty by which states agree to prohibit and punish hostage taking. The treaty includes definitions of "hostage" and "hostage taking" and sets out the principle of ''aut dedere aut judicare'': a party to the treaty must prosecute a hostage taker if no other state requests extradition for prosecution of the same crime. Creation and entry into force The creation of an anti-hostage-taking treaty was a project initiated by the Federal Republic of Germany in 1976.Blumenau, Bernhard. "The United Nations and Terrorism. Germany, Multilateralism, and Antiterrorism Efforts in the 1970s", Palgrave Macmillan, 2014. The convention was adopted on 17 December 1979 by the issuance of Resolution 34/1461 by the United Nations General Assembly, UN General Assembly. By the end of 1980, it had been signed by 39 states and it came into force on 3 June 1983 after it had been ratified by 22 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Convention For The Suppression Of Unlawful Acts Against The Safety Of Civil Aviation
The Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Civil Aviation (sometimes referred to as the Sabotage Convention or the Montreal Convention) is a multilateral treaty by which states agree to prohibit and punish behaviour which may threaten the safety of civil aviation. Content The Convention does not apply to customs, law enforcement or military aircraft, thus it applies exclusively to civilian aircraft. The Convention criminalises the following behaviour: #Committing an act of violence against a person on board an aircraft in flight if it is likely to endanger the safety of the aircraft; #destroying an aircraft being serviced or damaging such an aircraft in such a way that renders it incapable of flight or which is likely to endanger its safety in flight; #placing or causing to be placed on an aircraft a device or substance which is likely to destroy or cause damage to an aircraft; #destroying or damaging air navigation facilities or interfering with t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Convention On The Suppression Of The Unlawful Seizure Of Aircraft
The Hague Hijacking Convention (formally the Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Seizure of Aircraft) is a multilateral treaty by which states agree to prohibit and punish aircraft hijacking. The convention does not apply to customs, law enforcement or military aircraft, thus it applies exclusively to civilian aircraft. The convention only addresses situations in which an aircraft takes off or lands in a place different from its country of registration. The convention sets out the principle of ''aut dedere aut judicare''—that a party to the treaty must prosecute an aircraft hijacker if no other state requests his or her extradition for prosecution of the same crime. Creation and entry into force The convention was adopted by the International Conference on Air Law at The Hague on 16 December 1970. It came into force on 14 October 1971 after it had been ratified by 10 states. As of 2013, the convention has 185 state parties. State parties The convention has 185 state ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
