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List Of Things Named After Max Planck
{{Short description, none This is a list of things named for the German scientist Max Planck: Physics *Boltzmann–Planck equation *Fokker–Planck equation *Nernst–Planck equation *Kelvin–Planck statement of the second law of thermodynamics * Massieu–Planck potentials * Planck potential * Planck proposition, Planck statement, Planck's principle; see Kelvin–Planck statement *Planckian locus Quantum mechanics *Planck constant *Planck postulate *Planck's law of black body radiation *Planck–Einstein relation Cosmology * Planck units ** Planck energy ** Planck length ** Planck mass ** Planck time ** Planck temperature *Planck epoch *Planck postulate * Planck scale *Planck star * Trans-Planckian problem Other * 1069 Planckia, asteroid * Max Planck Society * Planck's principle * Planck (crater) on the Moon * Planck (spacecraft), space observatory * Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, ''see Max Planck Society'' * Colegio Max Planck, in Trujillo, Peru. Planck Planck Max Kar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Max Planck
Max Karl Ernst Ludwig Planck (, ; 23 April 1858 – 4 October 1947) was a German theoretical physicist whose discovery of energy quanta won him the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1918. Planck made many substantial contributions to theoretical physics, but his fame as a physicist rests primarily on his role as the originator of quantum theory, which revolutionized human understanding of atomic and subatomic processes. In 1948, the German scientific institution Kaiser Wilhelm Society (of which Planck was twice president) was renamed Max Planck Society (MPG). The MPG now includes 83 institutions representing a wide range of scientific directions. Life and career Planck came from a traditional, intellectual family. His paternal great-grandfather and grandfather were both theology professors in Göttingen; his father was a law professor at the University of Kiel and Munich. One of his uncles was also a judge. Planck was born in 1858 in Kiel, Holstein, to Johann Julius Wilhelm Plan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Max Ludwig Planck (School)
The I.E. Max Ludwig Planck (commonly known as Colegio Max Planck) is a private German university preparatory school in Trujillo, northern Peru. It primarily teaches freshman and sophomore college subjects, and is commonly known for the high level of education it offers. Max Planck Group This school is part of the homonym educational group which includes the Max Ludwig Planck School, Jose María Escrivá School, Max Kids Nursery and Max Planck College Preparation Institute (also in Cajamarca and Chiclayo). History Víctor Castro Vidal formed the College Preparation Institute Max Planck in 1993, and then had the idea of creating a pre-university school. With the support of professionals and friends, as well as the motivation of his wife, Elsa Ms. Salinas, he started to look for the appropriate resolution. The school opened in March 2003 and initiated educational activities. There are over 400 students and the current director is Mr. Luis Guzman Perez. The Federal Republic of German ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Planck (spacecraft)
''Planck'' was a space observatory operated by the European Space Agency (ESA) from 2009 to 2013, which mapped the anisotropies of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) at microwave and infrared frequencies, with high sensitivity and small angular resolution. The mission substantially improved upon observations made by the NASA Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP). ''Planck'' provided a major source of information relevant to several cosmological and astrophysical issues, such as testing theories of the early Universe and the origin of cosmic structure. Since the end of its mission, ''Planck'' has defined the most precise measurements of several key cosmological parameters, including the average density of ordinary matter and dark matter in the Universe and the age of the universe. The project was started around 1996 and was initially called COBRAS/SAMBA: the Cosmic Background Radiation Anisotropy Satellite/Satellite for Measurement of Background Anisotropies. It was l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Planck (crater)
Planck is a large lunar impact crater, approximately 319 kilometers in diameter, that is located in the southern hemisphere of the Moon, on the far side as seen from the Earth. It lies to the west of the walled plain Poincaré, another enormous formation only slightly larger than Planck. Lying across the southeast rim of Planck is the crater Prandtl, to the northeast is Hildegard, and to the west is Fechner. Planck is located within the South Pole–Aitken basin. Formation According to a 2012 study, Planck formed roughly 4.09 Ga (billion years) ago, partially resurfacing the area of the South Pole-Aitken basin that it impacted. Description Like many lunar formations of this size, the outer rim has been damaged and eroded by lesser impacts, leaving a rugged ring of peaks and ridges that is notched and incised by small craters. The western rim of this walled plain is neatly overlain by a long lunar valley designated the Vallis Planck. Despite its name, however, this valley ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Max Planck Society
The Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science (german: Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e. V.; abbreviated MPG) is a formally independent non-governmental and non-profit association of German research institutes. Founded in 1911 as the Kaiser Wilhelm Society, it was renamed to the Max Planck Society in 1948 in honor of its former president, theoretical physicist Max Planck. The society is funded by the federal and state governments of Germany. Mission According to its primary goal, the Max Planck Society supports fundamental research in the natural, life and social sciences, the arts and humanities in its 86 (as of December 2018) Max Planck Institutes. The society has a total staff of approximately 17,000 permanent employees, including 5,470 scientists, plus around 4,600 non-tenured scientists and guests. The society's budget for 2018 was about €1.8 billion. As of December 31, 2018, the Max Planck Society employed a total of 23,767 staff, of whom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1069 Planckia
1069 Planckia, provisional designation , is a background asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately in diameter. It was discovered on 28 January 1927, by astronomer Max Wolf at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory in Germany. The asteroid was named after German physicist Max Planck. Orbit and classification ''Planckia'' is a non-family asteroid from the main belt's background population. It orbits the Sun in the outer main-belt at a distance of 2.8–3.5 AU once every 5 years and 6 months (2,019 days; semi-major axis of 3.13 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.11 and an inclination of 14 ° with respect to the ecliptic. The body's observation arc begins at Heidelberg in February 1927, or 10 days after its official discovery observation. Naming This minor planet was named after noted German physicist Max Planck (1858–1947), on the commemoration of his 80th birthday. He was a professor of physics at Berlin University and t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trans-Planckian Problem
In black hole physics and inflationary cosmology, the trans-Planckian problem is the problem of the appearance of quantities beyond the Planck scale, which raise doubts on the physical validity of some results in these two areas, since one expects the physical laws to suffer radical modifications beyond the Planck scale. In black hole physics, the original derivation of Hawking radiation involved field modes that, near the black hole horizon, have arbitrarily high frequencies—in particular, higher than the inverse Planck time, although these do not appear in the final results. A number of different alternative derivations have been proposed in order to overcome this problem. The trans-Planckian problem can be conveniently considered in the framework of sonic black holes, condensed matter systems which can be described in a similar way as real black holes. In these systems, the analogue of the Planck scale is the interatomic scale, where the continuum description loses its v ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Planck Star
In loop quantum gravity theory, a Planck star is a hypothetical astronomical object, theorized as a compact, exotic star, that exists within a black hole's event horizon, created when the energy density of a collapsing star reaches the Planck energy density. Under these conditions, assuming gravity and spacetime are quantized, a repulsive "force" arises from Heisenberg's uncertainty principle. The accumulation of mass-energy inside the Planck star cannot collapse beyond this limit because it violates the uncertainty principle for spacetime itself. The key feature of this theoretical object is that this repulsion arises from the energy density, not the Planck length, and starts taking effect far earlier than might be expected. This repulsive "force" is strong enough to stop the star's collapse well before a singularity is formed and, indeed, well before the Planck scale for distance. Since a Planck star is calculated to be considerably larger than the Planck scale, ther ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Planck Epoch
The chronology of the universe describes the history and future of the universe according to Big Bang cosmology. Research published in 2015 estimates the earliest stages of the universe's existence as taking place 13.8 billion years ago, with an uncertainty of around 21 million years at the 68% confidence level. The Planck Collaboration in 2015 published the estimate of 13.799 ± 0.021 billion years ago (68% confidence interval). See PDF: page 32, Table 4, Age/Gyr, last column. Outline Chronology in five stages For the purposes of this summary, it is convenient to divide the chronology of the universe since it originated, into five parts. It is generally considered meaningless or unclear whether time existed before this chronology: The very early universe The first picosecond (10−12) of cosmic time. It includes the Planck epoch, during which currently established laws of physics may not apply; the emergence in stages of the four known fundamental interactions or f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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