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List Of Things Named After Hendrik Antoon Lorentz
{{Short description, none List of things named after Dutch physicist Hendrik Antoon Lorentz: Mathematics and science *Abraham–Lorentz force **Abraham–Lorentz force#Abraham–Lorentz–Dirac Force, Abraham–Lorentz–Dirac Force *Cauchy–Lorentz distribution **Cauchy distribution, Lorentzian *Drude–Lorentz model *Fock–Lorentz symmetry *Lorentz-Berthelot rules, Lorentz–Berthelot rules *Lorentz covariance **Lorentz covariance, Lorentz symmetry *Lorentz–FitzGerald contraction *Heaviside–Lorentz units *Lorentz–Lorenz equation *Lorentz aether theory *Lorentz factor *Lorentz force *Lorentz force velocimetry *Lorentz group *Lorentz manifold **Lorentz manifold, Lorentz metric *Rayleigh–Lorentz pendulum, Lorentz pendulum *Lorentz oscillator model *Lorentz scalar *Lorentz surface *Lorentz transformation *Lorentz-violating electrodynamics *Tauc–Lorentz model Others Lorentz Centre*Lorentz (crater) *Lorentz Institute *Lorentz Medal *Lorentz locks, lock in the Afsluitdijk i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hendrik Antoon Lorentz
Hendrik Antoon Lorentz (; 18 July 1853 – 4 February 1928) was a Dutch physicist who shared the 1902 Nobel Prize in Physics with Pieter Zeeman for the discovery and theoretical explanation of the Zeeman effect. He also derived the Lorentz transformation underpinning Albert Einstein's special theory of relativity, as well as the Lorentz force, which describes the combined electric and magnetic forces acting on a charged particle in an electromagnetic field. Lorentz was also responsible for the Lorentz oscillator model, a classical model used to describe the anomalous dispersion observed in dielectric materials when the driving frequency of the electric field was near the resonant frequency, resulting in abnormal refractive indices. According to the biography published by the Nobel Foundation, "It may well be said that Lorentz was regarded by all theoretical physicists as the world's leading spirit, who completed what was left unfinished by his predecessors and prepared the g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rayleigh–Lorentz Pendulum
Rayleigh–Lorentz pendulum (or Lorentz pendulum) is a simple pendulum, but subjected to a slowly varying frequency due to an external action (frequency is varied by varying the pendulum length), named after Lord Rayleigh and Hendrik Lorentz. This problem formed the basis for the concept of adiabatic invariants in mechanics. On account of the slow variation of frequency, it is shown that the ratio of average energy to frequency is constant. History The pendulum problem was first formulated by Lord Rayleigh in 1902, although some mathematical aspects have been discussed before by Léon Lecornu in 1895. Unaware of Rayleigh's work, at the first Solvay conference in 1911, Hendrik Lorentz proposed a question, ''How does a simple pendulum behave when the length of the suspending thread is gradually shortened?'', in order to clarify the quantum theory at that time. To that Albert Einstein responded the next day by saying that both energy and frequency of the quantum pendulum changes such ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lorentz Casimir Lyceum
Lorentz is a name derived from the Roman surname, Laurentius, which means "from Laurentum". It is the German form of Laurence. Notable people with the name include: Given name * Lorentz Aspen (born 1978), Norwegian heavy metal pianist and keyboardist * Lorentz Dietrichson (1834–1917), Norwegian poet and historian of art and literature * Lorentz Eichstadt (1596–1660), German mathematician and astronomer * Lorentz Harboe Ree (1888–1962), Norwegian architect * Lorentz Lange (1783–1860), Norwegian judge and politician * Lorentz Reige (born 1990), Swedish dancer * Lorentz Reitan (born 1946), Norwegian musicologist Mononym * Lorentz (rapper), real name Lorentz Alexander, Swedish singer and rapper Surname * Dominique Lorentz, French investigative journalist who has written books on nuclear proliferation * Friedrich Lorentz, author of works on the Pomeranian language * Hendrik Antoon Lorentz (1853–1928), Dutch physicist and Nobel Prize winner * Hendrikus Albertus Lorentz (1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Netherlands
) , anthem = ( en, "William of Nassau") , image_map = , map_caption = , subdivision_type = Sovereign state , subdivision_name = Kingdom of the Netherlands , established_title = Before independence , established_date = Spanish Netherlands , established_title2 = Act of Abjuration , established_date2 = 26 July 1581 , established_title3 = Peace of Münster , established_date3 = 30 January 1648 , established_title4 = Kingdom established , established_date4 = 16 March 1815 , established_title5 = Liberation Day (Netherlands), Liberation Day , established_date5 = 5 May 1945 , established_title6 = Charter for the Kingdom of the Netherlands, Kingdom Charter , established_date6 = 15 December 1954 , established_title7 = Dissolution of the Netherlands Antilles, Caribbean reorganisation , established_date7 = 10 October 2010 , official_languages = Dutch language, Dutch , languages_type = Regional languages , languages_sub = yes , languages = , languages2_type = Reco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Afsluitdijk
The ''Afsluitdijk'' (; fry, Ofslútdyk; nds-nl, Ofsluutdiek; en, "Closure Dyke") is a major dam and causeway in the Netherlands. It was constructed between 1927 and 1932 and runs from Den Oever in North Holland province to the village of Zurich in Friesland province, over a length of and a width of , at an initial height of above sea level. The ''Afsluitdijk'' is a fundamental part of the larger Zuiderzee Works, damming off the Zuiderzee, a salt water inlet of the North Sea, and turning it into the fresh water lake of the IJsselmeer. It is a major landwinning project and a quicker road-connection between the North and West of the Netherlands. The motorway on the ''Afsluitdijk'' was the initial demonstration site for a speed limit in the Netherlands. History Reasons for construction The Afsluitdijk (literally translated: shut-off-dyke) was completed in 1932, thereby shutting off the Zuiderzee (lit: Southern Sea) from the North Sea. Until then, the Zuiderzee had b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lorentz Medal
Lorentz Medal is a distinction awarded every four years by the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences. It was established in 1925 on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the doctorate of Hendrik Lorentz. The medal is given for important contributions to theoretical physics, though in the past there have been some experimentalists among its recipients. The first winner, Max Planck, was personally selected by Lorentz. Eleven of the 23 award winners later received a Nobel Prize. The Lorentz medal is ranked fifth in a list of most prestigious international academic awards in physics. Recipients See also * List of physics awards This list of physics awards is an index to articles about notable awards for physics. The list includes lists of awards by the American Physical Society of the United States, and of the Institute of Physics of the United Kingdom, followed by a li ... References {{reflist, 2 Physics awards Dutch honorary society awards Science and te ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lorentz Institute
The Lorentz Institute ( nl, Instituut-Lorentz) is the institute for theoretical physics at Leiden University the Netherlands. It was established in 1921 and was named after physicist Hendrik Lorentz. Together with the experimental physics groups in the Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory and the Huygens Laboratory, it makes up the Leiden Institute of Physics. The Lorentz Institute participates in two research schools: the Casimir Research School (jointly with Delft University of Technology Delft University of Technology ( nl, Technische Universiteit Delft), also known as TU Delft, is the oldest and largest Dutch public technical university, located in Delft, Netherlands. As of 2022 it is ranked by QS World University Rankings among ...) and the Dutch Research School of Theoretical Physics. External linksLorentz Institute website Research institutes in the Netherlands Hendrik Lorentz Research institutes established in 1921 {{Netherlands-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lorentz (crater)
Lorentz is a huge lunar impact crater that lies just beyond the northwest limb of the Moon, in a region that is brought into sight of the Earth during favorable librations. This formation is nearly as large as the Mare Nectaris on the near side of the Moon, although it has not been submerged by lava as have the lunar mare. Sections of the crater floor are, however, relatively level, particularly an arc along the western rim. But this last region is still marked by a number of tiny craterlets. The remainder of the interior is rough and irregular, and marked with a multitude of impacts. Lorentz contains a prominent crater pairing, with Nernst located just to the north of Lorentz's midpoint, and Röntgen attached to the southeastern rim of Nernst. Lying across the southern rim of Lorentz is Laue, and Avicenna lies across the northwestern rim. Near the more indeterminate eastern rim of Lorentz is Aston Aston is an area of inner Birmingham, England. Located immediately to the no ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tauc–Lorentz Model
The Tauc–Lorentz model is a mathematical formula for the frequency dependence of the complex-valued relative permittivity, sometimes referred to as the dielectric function. The model has been used to fit the complex refractive index of amorphous semiconductor materials at frequencies greater than their optical band gap. The dispersion relation bears the names of Jan Tauc and Hendrik Lorentz, whose previous works were combined by G. E. Jellison and F. A. Modine to create the model. The model was inspired, in part, by shortcomings of the Forouhi–Bloomer model, which is aphysical due to its incorrect asymptotic behavior and non-Hermitian character. Despite the inspiration, the Tauc–Lorentz model is itself aphysical due to being non-Hermitian and non-analytic in the upper half-plane. Further researchers have modified the model to address these shortcomings. Mathematical formulation The general form of the model is given by :\varepsilon(E) = \varepsilon_ + \chi^(E) where * \ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lorentz-violating Electrodynamics
Searches for Lorentz violation involving photons provide one possible test of relativity. Examples range from modern versions of the classic Michelson–Morley experiment that utilize highly stable electromagnetic resonant cavities to searches for tiny deviations from ''c'' in the speed of light emitted by distant astrophysical sources. Due to the extreme distances involved, astrophysical studies have achieved sensitivities on the order of parts in 1038. Minimal Lorentz-violating electrodynamics The most general framework for studies of relativity violations is an effective field theory called the Standard-Model Extension (SME). Lorentz-violating operators in the SME are classified by their mass dimension d. To date, the most widely studied limit of the SME is the minimal SME, which limits attention to operators of renormalizable mass-dimension, d=3,4, in flat spacetime. Within the minimal SME, photons are governed by the Lagrangian density : \mathcal = -\textstyle\,F_F^ +\te ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lorentz Transformation
In physics, the Lorentz transformations are a six-parameter family of linear transformations from a coordinate frame in spacetime to another frame that moves at a constant velocity relative to the former. The respective inverse transformation is then parameterized by the negative of this velocity. The transformations are named after the Dutch physicist Hendrik Lorentz. The most common form of the transformation, parametrized by the real constant v, representing a velocity confined to the -direction, is expressed as \begin t' &= \gamma \left( t - \frac \right) \\ x' &= \gamma \left( x - v t \right)\\ y' &= y \\ z' &= z \end where and are the coordinates of an event in two frames with the origins coinciding at 0, where the primed frame is seen from the unprimed frame as moving with speed along the -axis, where is the speed of light, and \gamma = \left ( \sqrt\right )^ is the Lorentz factor. When speed is much smaller than , the Lorentz factor is negligibly different from 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
