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List Of Plants On The Modoc National Forest
This list includes most of the more common plants to be found on the Modoc National Forest in California, USA as well as plants of some particular note, especially rare plants known or suspected to occur there. If you click on the genus, you will be taken to the page for the genus only; you must click on the specific epithet to be taken to the page for that particular species. Bryophytes Liverworts *''Ptilidium californicum'' Mosses *'' Bruchia bolanderi'' *'' Buxbaumia viridis'' *''Helodium blandowii'' *'' Meesia triquetra'' *'' Meesia uliginosa'' Ferns Dennstaedtiaceae *''Pteridium aquilinum'' Dryopteridaceae *''Athyrium filix-femina'' *''Polystichum'' Equisetaceae *''Equisetum arvense'' *''Equisetum hyemale'' Marsileaceae *''Marsilea'' *''Pilularia'' Ophioglossaceae *''Botrychium pumicola'' Pteridaceae *''Cheilanthes'' *''Pellaea'' Conifers Cupressaceae *''Calocedrus decurrens'' *''Cup ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plant
Plants are predominantly photosynthetic eukaryotes of the kingdom Plantae. Historically, the plant kingdom encompassed all living things that were not animals, and included algae and fungi; however, all current definitions of Plantae exclude the fungi and some algae, as well as the prokaryotes (the archaea and bacteria). By one definition, plants form the clade Viridiplantae (Latin name for "green plants") which is sister of the Glaucophyta, and consists of the green algae and Embryophyta (land plants). The latter includes the flowering plants, conifers and other gymnosperms, ferns and their allies, hornworts, liverworts, and mosses. Most plants are multicellular organisms. Green plants obtain most of their energy from sunlight via photosynthesis by primary chloroplasts that are derived from endosymbiosis with cyanobacteria. Their chloroplasts contain chlorophylls a and b, which gives them their green color. Some plants are parasitic or mycotrophic and have lost the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dennstaedtiaceae
Dennstaedtiaceae is one of fifteen families in the order Polypodiales, the most derived families within monilophytes (ferns). It comprises 10 genera with ca 240 known species, including one of the world's most abundant ferns, ''Pteridium aquilinum'' (bracken). Members of the order generally have large, highly divided leaves and have either small, round intramarginal sori with cup-shaped indusia (e.g. ''Dennstaedtia'') or linear marginal sori with a false indusium formed from the reflexed leaf margin (e.g. ''Pteridium''). The morphological diversity among members of the order has confused past taxonomy, but recent molecular studies have supported the monophyly of the order and the family.Smith, A. R., K. M. Pryer, et al. (2006). "A classification for extant ferns." Taxon 55(3): 705-731 The reclassification of Dennstaedtiaceae and the rest of the monilophytes was published in 2006, so most of the available literature is not updated. Characteristics * Terrestrial or scrambling (sca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pilularia
''Pilularia'' or pillworts is a genus of unusual ferns of family Marsileaceae distributed in North Temperate regions, Ethiopian mountains, and the southern hemisphere in Australia, New Zealand, and western South America. Depending on the taxonomic revisor, the genus contains between 3 and 6 species of small plants with thread-like leaves, and creeping rhizomes. The sporangia are borne in spherical sporocarps ("pills") which form in the axils of leaves. ''Pilularia minuta'' from SW Europe is one of the smallest of all ferns. List of species Recent work from Pryer Lab accepted four species of ''Pilularia'', with a fifth, ''P. novae-zealandiae'', being conspecific with ''P. novae-hollandiae''. In addition, another species, ''P. dracomontana'', has been described from South Africa. * ''Pilularia americana'' A.Braun (American pillwort) * ''Pilularia globulifera'' L. (pillwort) * ''Pilularia minuta'' Durieu (least pillwort) * ''Pilularia novae-hollandiae'' A.Braun (austral pillwort) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marsilea
''Marsilea'' is a genus of approximately 65 species of aquatic ferns of the family Marsileaceae. The name honours Italian naturalist Luigi Ferdinando Marsili (1656–1730). These small plants are of unusual appearance and do not resemble common ferns. Common names include water clover and four-leaf clover because of the long-stalked leaves have four clover-like lobes and are either present above water or submerged. The sporocarps of some Australian species are very drought-resistant, surviving up to 100 years in dry conditions. On wetting, the gelatinous interior of the sporocarp swells, splitting it and releasing a worm-like mass that carries sori, eventually leading to germination of spores and fertilization. Uses As food Sporocarps of some Australian species such as ''Marsilea drummondii'' are edible and have been eaten by Aborigines and early white settlers, who knew it under the name ngardu or nardoo. Parts of ''Marsilea drummondii'' contain an enzyme which destroys t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marsileaceae
Marsileaceae () is a small family of heterosporous aquatic and semi-aquatic ferns, though at first sight they do not physically resemble other ferns. The group is commonly known as the "pepperwort family" or as the "water-clover family" because the leaves of the genus ''Marsilea'' superficially resemble the leaves of a four-leaf clover. In all, the family contains 3 genera and 50 to 80 species with most of those belonging to ''Marsilea''. Natural history Members of the Marsileaceae are aquatic or semi-aquatic. Plants often grow in dense clumps in mud along the shores of ponds or streams, or they may grow submerged in shallow water with some of the leaves extending to float on the water surface. They grow in seasonally wet habitats, but survive the winter or dry season by losing their leaves and producing hard, desiccation-resistant reproductive structures. There are only three living genera in the family Marsileaceae. The majority of species (about 45 to 70) belong to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Equisetum Hyemale
''Equisetum hyemale'' (commonly known as rough horsetail, scouring rush, scouringrush horsetail and, in South Africa, as snake grass) is a perennial herbaceous vascular plant in the horsetail family Equisetaceae. It is a native plant throughout the Holarctic Kingdom, found in North America, Europe, and northern Asia. Distribution In nature ''Equisetum hyemale'' grows in mesic (reliably moist) habitats, often in sandy or gravelly areas. It grows from between sea level to in elevation. It is primarily found in wetlands, and in riparian zones of rivers and streams where it can withstand seasonal flooding. It is also found around springs and seeps, and can indicate their presence when not flowing. Other habitats include moist forest and woodland openings, lake and pond shores, ditches, and marshes and swamps. Description ''Equisetum hyemale'' has vertical jointed reed-like stalks of medium to dark green. The hollow stems are up to in height. The stems are seldom branched. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Equisetum Arvense
''Equisetum arvense'', the field horsetail or common horsetail, is an herbaceous perennial plant in the Equisetidae (horsetails) sub-class, native throughout the arctic and temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. It has separate sterile non-reproductive and fertile spore-bearing stems growing from a perennial underground rhizomatous stem system. The fertile stems are produced in early spring and are non- photosynthetic, while the green sterile stems start to grow after the fertile stems have wilted and persist through the summer until the first autumn frosts.Hyde, H. A., Wade, A. E., & Harrison, S. G. (1978). ''Welsh Ferns''. National Museum of Wales .Flora of North America''Equisetum arvense''/ref> It is sometimes confused with mare's tail, '' Hippuris vulgaris''. Rhizomes can pierce through the soil up to in depth. This allows this species to tolerate many conditions and is hard to get rid of even with the help of herbicides. Taxonomy Linnaeus described field horset ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Equisetum
''Equisetum'' (; horsetail, snake grass, puzzlegrass) is the only living genus in Equisetaceae, a family of ferns, which reproduce by spores rather than seeds. ''Equisetum'' is a "living fossil", the only living genus of the entire subclass Equisetidae, which for over 100 million years was much more diverse and dominated the understorey of late Paleozoic forests. Some equisetids were large trees reaching to tall. The genus ''Calamites'' of the family Calamitaceae, for example, is abundant in coal deposits from the Carboniferous period. The pattern of spacing of nodes in horsetails, wherein those toward the apex of the shoot are increasingly close together, is said to have inspired John Napier to invent logarithms. Modern horsetails first appeared during the Jurassic period. A superficially similar but entirely unrelated flowering plant genus, mare's tail (''Hippuris''), is occasionally referred to as "horsetail", and adding to confusion, the name "mare's tail" is sometimes ap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Equisetaceae
Equisetaceae, sometimes called the horsetail family, is the only extant family of the order Equisetales, with one surviving genus, ''Equisetum'', which comprises about twenty species. Evolution and systematics Equisetaceae is the only surviving family of the Equisetales, a group with many fossils of large tree-like plants that possessed ribbed stems similar to modern horsetails. '' Pseudobornia'' is the oldest known relative of ''Equisetum''; it grew in the late Devonian, about 375 million years ago and is assigned to its own order. All living horsetails are placed in the genus ''Equisetum''. But there are some fossil species that are not assignable to the modern genus. ''Equisetites'' is a "wastebin taxon" uniting all sorts of large horsetails from the Mesozoic; it is almost certainly paraphyletic and would probably warrant being subsumed in ''Equisetum''. But while some of the species placed there are likely to be ancestral to the modern horsetails, there have been reports of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polystichum
''Polystichum'' is a genus of ferns in the family Dryopteridaceae, subfamily Dryopteridoideae, according to the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I). The genus has about 500 species and has a cosmopolitan distribution. The highest diversity is in eastern Asia, with about 208 species in China alone; the region from Mexico to Brazil has at least 100 additional species; Africa (at least 17 species), North America (at least 18 species), and Europe (at least 5 species) have much lower diversity. ''Polystichum'' species are terrestrial or rock-dwelling ferns of warm-temperate and montane-tropical regions (a few species grow in alpine regions). They are often found in disturbed habitats such as road cuts, talus slopes, and stream banks. Description Many ferns of this genus have stout, slowly creeping rootstocks that form a crown, with a vase-like ring of evergreen fronds long. The sori are round, with a circular indusium, except in South American species which l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Athyrium Filix-femina
''Athyrium filix-femina'', the lady fern or common lady-fern, is a large, feathery species of fern native to temperate Asia, Europe, North Africa, Canada and the USA. It is often abundant (one of the more common ferns) in damp, shady woodland environments and is often grown for decoration. Its common names "lady fern" and "female fern" refer to how its reproductive structures ( sori) are concealed in an inconspicuous – deemed "female" – manner on the frond. Alternatively, it is said to be feminine because of its elegant and graceful appearance. Characteristics ''Athyrium filix-femina'' is now commonly split into three species, typical ''A. filix-femina'', '' A. angustum'' (narrow lady fern) and '' A. asplenioides'' (southern lady fern). ''Athyrium filix-femina'' is cespitose (the fronds arising from a central point as a clump rather than along a rhizome). The deciduous fronds are light yellow-green, long and broad. Sori appear as dots on the underside of the frond, 1†... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Athyrium
''Athyrium'' (lady-fern) is a genus of about 180 species of terrestrial ferns, with a cosmopolitan distribution. It is placed in the family Athyriaceae, in the order Polypodiales. Its genus name is from Greek '' a-'' ('without') and Latinized Greek ''thyreos'' ('shield'), describing its inconspicuous indusium (sorus' covering). The common name "lady fern" refers in particular to the common lady fern, ''Athyrium filix-femina''.Entry "lady fern", ''New Oxford American Dictionary 3rd edition'' (2010) by Oxford University Press, Inc. ''Athyrium'' species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including the small angle shades and ''Sthenopis auratus ''Sthenopis pretiosus'', the gold-spotted ghost moth, is a species of moth of the family Hepialidae. It was first described by Gottlieb August Wilhelm Herrich-Schäffer in 1856. It can be found in found Brazil, Venezuela and in the eastern United ...''. Species There are about 180, including: References ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
