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List Of Monarchs Who Lost Their Thrones Before The 17th Century
This is a list of monarchs who lost their thrones before the 13th century. __NOTOC__ A Kingdom of Abkhazia *Adarnase of Abkhazia, ruled from 880 to 887/888, deposed and executed by Bagrat I. *Bagrat I of Abkhazia, ruled from 887/88 to 898/99. *Theodosius III of Abkhazia, forced to abdicate in 978. Alamannia and Rhaetia (Swabia) *Charles the Fat, King of Alamannia and Rhaetia 876–887, deposed, died 888. Duchy of Amalfi *Manso, Prefect of Amalfi, Prefect of Amalfi from 898 to 914, retired to a monastery. *Sergius II of Amalfi, 1007–1028, deposed. *Manso II of Amalfi, 1028 to 1029, from 1034 to 1038, and from 1043 to 1052. *John II of Amalfi, 1029–1069 with many interruptions. *John III of Amalfi, 1073, deposed. *Marinus Sebastus of Amalfi, 1096–c. 1100. Deposed. County of Anjou *Geoffrey III, Count of Anjou, 1060–1068, deposed 1068 and imprisoned, but freed by the intervention of the Pope, died in 1096. *Fulk of Jerusalem, 1106–1129, died 1143. Duchy o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingdom Of Abkhazia
The Kingdom of Abkhazia ( ka, აფხაზთა სამეფო, tr; lit. "Kingdom of the Abkhazians"), also known as Abasgia or Egrisi-Abkhazia, was a Middle Ages, medieval feudalism, feudal state in the Caucasus which was established in the 780s. Through dynastic succession, it Unification of the Georgian realm, was united in 1008 with the Kingdom of the Iberians, forming the Kingdom of Georgia. Byzantine Empire, Byzantine sources record that in the early years of the 10th century Abkhazia stretched three hundred Ancient Greece, Greek miles along the Black Sea coast, from the frontiers of the ''Theme (Byzantine district), thema'' of Chaldia to the mouth of the river Nicopsis, with the Greater Caucasus, Caucasus behind it. History Background Abkhazia, or Abasgoi, Abasgia of classic sources, was a Principality, princedom under Byzantine Empire, Byzantine authority. It lay chiefly along the Black Sea coast in what is now the northwestern part of the modern-day Georgi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pope
The pope ( la, papa, from el, πάππας, translit=pappas, 'father'), also known as supreme pontiff ( or ), Roman pontiff () or sovereign pontiff, is the bishop of Rome (or historically the patriarch of Rome), head of the worldwide Catholic Church, and has also served as the head of state or sovereign of the Papal States and later the Vatican City State since the eighth century. From a Catholic viewpoint, the primacy of the bishop of Rome is largely derived from his role as the apostolic successor to Saint Peter, to whom primacy was conferred by Jesus, who gave Peter the Keys of Heaven and the powers of "binding and loosing", naming him as the "rock" upon which the Church would be built. The current pope is Francis, who was elected on 13 March 2013. While his office is called the papacy, the jurisdiction of the episcopal see is called the Holy See. It is the Holy See that is the sovereign entity by international law headquartered in the distinctively independent Vatic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bernard II Tumapaler
Bernard II Tumapaler (or ''Tumpaler'', Occitan: ''Bernat'', Spanish: ''Bernardo''; c. 1020between 1064 and 1090) was Duke of Gascony from 1039 to 1052 and Count of Armagnac from 1020 to 1061. Bernard was the son of Adalais, daughter of William V of Aquitaine and Prisca, and Girard I Trancaleon, whom he succeeded in Armagnac. Prisca was a daughter of William II of Gascony and it was through her that Bernard inherited his Gascon claim. Prisca's claim was passed to her son Odo on the death of her brother Sancho VI in 1032. Bernard was recognised duke in turn on the death of his uncle Odo in 1039, but probably only in the southern regions and not in the region around Bordeaux. Later his title to Gascony was contested by his uncle Guy Geoffrey, younger half-brother of Odo, but not descended from William II. Guy Geoffrey, however, was married to Garsenda, daughter of Aldabert II of Périgord and Alausia, the second daughter of the late Sancho VI. Eventually, after a protracted fight ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
County Of Armagnac
The County of Armagnac (, ; oc, label= Gascon, Armanhac), situated between the Adour and Garonne rivers in the lower foothills of the Pyrenées, was a historic county of the Duchy of Gascony, established in 601 in Aquitaine (now France). In 960, the title of 'Count of Armagnac' was established, and thus the County of Armagnac was created. In 1751, following the death of childless Charles de Lorraine, Comte d'Armagnac, the county was absorbed into the Crown lands of France and the King, then Louis XV took the title of 'Count of Armagnac' (''Comte d'Armagnac''). In 1791, following the Decree dividing France into departments, the county was disestablished, but remains an important natural region of France. History Under Roman rule, Armagnac was included in the Civitas Ausciorum, or district of Auch, of Aquitania. Under the Merovingians it was part of the duchy of Aquitania. Near the end of the ninth century the part now known as Fezensac became a hereditary county. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boso, Margrave Of Tuscany
Boso ( it, Bosone; died after 940?) was a Burgundian nobleman who spent much of his career in Italy, where he became Margrave of Tuscany about 932. He ruled semi-autonomously and was a benefactor of the churches of his region. He lost his office in 936 and probably returned to Burgundy. Years in Provence Boso was the second son of Count Theobald of Arles and Bertha, illegitimate daughter of King Lothair II. His elder brother Hugh was born in 880/1. His family belonged to the highest ranks of the aristocracy of the Carolingian Empire and were related by marriage to the Carolingian dynasty and the Bosonids, the ruling family of Provence. After Theobald's death (895), Boso's mother remarried to Adalbert the Rich, then margrave of Tuscany. Boso and Hugh inherited their father's counties. After the Emperor Louis III was blinded by his foes in 905, Hugh assumed the regency in Provence and the county of Arles, while Boso took over the county of Avignon. In 907, Hugh and Boso entered I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
County Of Arles
Arles (, , ; oc, label=Provençal, Arle ; Classical la, Arelate) is a coastal city and commune in the South of France, a subprefecture in the Bouches-du-Rhône department of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region, in the former province of Provence. A large part of the Camargue, the largest wetlands in France, is located on the territory of the commune, making it the largest commune in Metropolitan France in terms of geographic territory. (Maripasoula, French Guiana, is much larger than Arles). The city has a long history, and was of considerable importance in the Roman province of Gallia Narbonensis. The Roman and Romanesque Monuments of Arles were listed as UNESCO World Heritage Sites in 1981 for their testimony to the history of the region. Many artists have lived and worked in this area because of the southern light, including Pablo Picasso, Paul Gauguin, Jacques Réattu, and Peter Brown. The Dutch post-Impressionist painter Vincent van Gogh lived in Arles from 1888 to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andregoto Galíndez
Andregoto Galíndez, of the County of Aragon, was the Queen of Pamplona by marriage to García Sánchez I, prior to being divorced by him before 940. She was the mother of Sancho II of Pamplona. Andregoto was one of two daughters born to Galindo II Aznárez, Count of Aragon by his second wife, Sancha Garcés of Pamplona, a half-sister of king Sancho I of Pamplona. Her father's county of Aragon had been brought into the Kingdom of Pamplona realm under Sancho I, and following Galindo's 922 death was held by a count Guntislo, apparently her illegitimate half-brother, Guntislo Galíndez. Her father's other county of Sobrarbe went with Andregoto's half-sister, Toda Galíndez, in marriage with count Bernard I of Ribagorza. Likely sometime in the mid-930s, Andregoto married to Sancho's only son, then ruling Pamplona as García Sánchez I. Prior to 940, García divorced Andregoto, presumably due to consanguinity since both were grandchildren of García Jiménez of Pamplona. Together th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aznar Galíndez I
Aznar Galíndez I (also ''Asnar'') (died 839) was a Basque Count of Aragon and Conflent from 809 and Cerdanya and Urgell from 820. Aznar has been confused with Aznar Sánchez, Duke of Gascony, and some authorities have even considered the two like-named contemporaries to be one and the same person. Aznar succeeded Aureolus as count of the valley of the River Aragón on the latter's death in 809. Some sources indicate him as count of Jaca, which was probably the seat of his authority within the valley. He was installed by king Louis the Pious (a son of emperor Charlemagne), and remained a Frankish vassal. In 820, he was overthrown by his son-in-law García the Bad, supported by Íñigo Arista's Navarrese forces. He took refuge in the Vasconia that remained suzerain to the Franks, and was appointed count in Urgell and Cerdanya. He had four children: *Matrona, who married García the Bad, but was repudiated when he overthrew her father *Eilona, named as daughter of count Aznar G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
County Of Aragon
The County of Aragon ( an, Condato d'Aragón) or County of Jaca ( an, Condato de Chaca, link=no) was a small Frankish marcher county in the central Pyrenean valley of the Aragon river, comprising Ansó, Echo, and Canfranc and centered on the small town of Jaca (''Iacca'' in Latin and ''Chaca'' in Aragonese), an area now part of Spain. It was created by the Carolingians late in the 8th or early in the 9th century, but soon fell into the orbit of the Kingdom of Navarre, into which it was absorbed in 922. It would later form the core of the 11th century Kingdom of Aragon. Carolingian rule Originally intended to protect the central Pyrenean passes from the Moors in the same way that the Duchy of Vasconia and the Marca Hispanica were to protect the west and east, Aragon remained largely out of the reach of its nominal Carolingian lords, though it was an expressly Frankish creation and not an ethnically distinct region. The earliest attested local ruler was Oriol (807), probably ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ebalus, Duke Of Aquitaine
Ebalus, or Ebles Manzer, or Manser (c. 870 – 935), was Count of Poitou and Duke of Aquitaine on two occasions: from 890 to 892; and then from 902 until his death in 935 (Poitou) and from 928 until 932 (Aquitaine). Early life Ebles was an illegitimate son of Ranulf II of Aquitaine. "Manzer", or "Mamzer", is a Hebrew word that means bastard, son of a forbidden relationship, although in the case of Ebles it may have been applied to bastardy in general. Count of Poitou Upon the death of his father (who was poisoned), Ebles assumed his father's mantle and acquired the role of Count of Poitou. But Ebles could not hold on to the title for long. Aymar, a descendant of one of Ranulf II's predecessors, challenged Ebles' right to rule, as Ebles was merely a bastard son. In 892, Aymar, who was supported by Eudes of France, overthrew Ebles, and Ebles fled to the safety of his father's allies, Count Gerald of Aurillac and William the Pious, count of Auvergne and Duke of Aquitaine. William ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Waiofar
Waiofar, also spelled Waifar, Waifer or Waiffre (died 2 June 768), was the last independent Duke of Aquitaine from 745 to 768. He peacefully succeeded his father, Hunald I, after the latter entered a monastery. He also inherited the conflict with the rising Carolingian family and its leader, Pepin the Short, who was king of the Franks after 751 and thus Waiofar's nominal suzerain. War with Pepin 752–60 The beginning of open conflict between Waiofar and Pepin can be dated to 753, when the duke of Aquitaine granted asylum to Pepin's brother Grifo after the latter was forced to flee Francia because of his failed attempt at usurping the Duchy of Bavaria from its rightful lord. Pepin's immediate reaction is not recorded, but Grifo was subsequently assassinated while preparing to leave Aquitaine for Rome. In 751, according to the ''Chronicle of Moissac'', Waiofar sacked the city of Narbonne (''Narbonam depraedat''), the centre of Islamic rule north of the Pyrenees, having been conq ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duchy Of Aquitaine
The Duchy of Aquitaine ( oc, Ducat d'Aquitània, ; french: Duché d'Aquitaine, ) was a historical fiefdom in western, central, and southern areas of present-day France to the south of the river Loire, although its extent, as well as its name, fluctuated greatly over the centuries, at times comprising much of what is now southwestern France (Gascony) and central France. It originated in the 7th century as a duchy of Francia, ultimately a recreation of the Roman provinces of . As a duchy, it broke up after the conquest of the independent Aquitanian duchy of Waiofar, going on to become a sub-kingdom within the Carolingian Empire. It was then absorbed by West Francia after the 843 partition of Verdun and soon reappeared as a duchy under it. In 1153, an enlarged Aquitaine pledged loyalty to the Angevin kings of England. As a result, a rivalry emerged between the French monarchs and the Angevins over control of the latter's territorial possessions in France. By the mid-13th century, onl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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