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List Of Holiday Cacti Diseases
This is a list of diseases of holiday cacti (''Schlumbergera truncata''). Bacterial diseases Fungal diseases Nematodes, parasitic Viral and viroid diseases {, class="wikitable" style="clear" ! colspan=2, Viral and viroid diseases , - , Impatiens necrotic spot , , Impatiens necrotic spot virus (INSV) , - , Spotted wilt , , Tomato spotted wilt virus Transmission and lifespan TSWV, which is transmitted by thrips, causes serious losses in economically important crops and it is one of the most economically devastating plant viruses in the world. The circulative propagative transmission of T ... (TSWV) , - ReferencesCommon Names of Diseases, The American Phytopathological Society Holiday cacti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Holiday Cacti
''Schlumbergera'' is a small genus of cacti with six to nine species found in the coastal mountains of south-eastern Brazil. These plants grow on trees or rocks in habitats that are generally shady with high humidity, and can be quite different in appearance from their desert-dwelling cousins. Most species of ''Schlumbergera'' have stems which resemble leaf-like pads joined one to the other and flowers which appear from areoles at the joints and tips of the stems. Two species have cylindrical stems more similar to other cacti. Recent phylogenetic studies using DNA have led to three species of the related genus ''Hatiora'' being transferred into ''Schlumbergera,'' though this change is not universally accepted. Common names for these cacti generally refer to their flowering season. In the Northern Hemisphere, they are called Christmas cactus, Thanksgiving cactus, crab cactus and holiday cactus. In Brazil, the genus is referred to as (May flower), reflecting the period in which ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phytophthora Nicotianae
''Phytophthora nicotianae'' or black shank is an oomycete belonging to the order Peronosprales and family Peronosporaceae. Hosts and symptoms ''Phytophthora nicotianae'' has a broad host range comprising 255 genera from 90 families. Hosts include tobacco, onion, tomato, ornamentals, cotton, pepper, and citrus plants. This pathogen can cause root rot, crown rot, fruit rot, leaf infection, and stem infection. Root rot symptoms are observed on tobacco, poinsettia, tomato, pineapple, watermelon, and as well as African violet. Fruit rots occur on tomato, papaya, and eggplant. Onion shows a leaf and stem infection. In tobacco Black Shank affects the roots and basal stem area, but all parts of the plant can become infected. Damping off symptoms can be observed in young seedlings. The first above ground symptom that will be observed is the wilting of plants, which leads to stunting. Roots will be blackened and decayed. In final stages of the disease the stem begins to turn black, hence ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Impatiens Necrotic Spot Virus
''Impatiens necrotic spot orthotospovirus'' (INSV) is a plant pathogenic virus of the order ''Bunyavirales''. It was originally believed to be another strain of ''Tomato spotted wilt virus,'' but genetic investigations revealed them to be separate viruses. It is a negative-strand RNA virus which has a tripartite genome. It is largely spread by the insect vector of the western flower thrips. The virus infects more than 648 species of plants including important horticultural and agricultural species such as fuchsia, tomato, orchids, and lettuce (especially romaine). As the name implies, the main symptom on plants is necrotic spots that appear on the leaves. The INSV virus infects by injecting the RNA the virus contains into the cell which then starts using the cell resources to transcribe what the virus RNA states. Viral infection can often result in the death Death is the irreversible cessation of all biological functions that sustain an organism. For organisms with a bra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pratylenchus Vulnus
''Pratylenchus vulnus'' (also known by the common names Walnut meadow nematode and Walnut root-lesion nematode) is a species of plant pathogenic nematode best known for infecting Persian walnut. It is also known to infest potatoes, apricots, peaches and nectarines, holiday cacti, grape A grape is a fruit, botanically a berry, of the deciduous woody vines of the flowering plant genus ''Vitis''. Grapes are a non- climacteric type of fruit, generally occurring in clusters. The cultivation of grapes began perhaps 8,000 years ago, ... and citruses. References External links Nemaplex, University of California - ''Pratylenchus vulnus'' vulnus Plant pathogenic nematodes Grape pest nematodes {{plant-disease-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dichotomophthora
''Dichotomophthora'' is a genus of fungi belonging to the family Pleosporaceae Pleosporaceae is a family of sac fungi. The taxonomic relationship of this family to associated genera is still not determined. Genera As accepted by GBIF; * '' Acrothecium'' (13) * ''Alternaria'' Nees ex Wallroth, 1816 (841) * '' Alternariast .... Species: *'' Dichotomophthora basellae'' *'' Dichotomophthora brunnea'' *'' Dichotomophthora cactacearum'' *'' Dichotomophthora indica'' *'' Dichotomophthora lutea'' *'' Dichotomophthora portulacae'' *'' Dichotomophthora portulacae'' *'' Dichotomophthora portulacae'' References {{Taxonbar, from=Q10471339 Pleosporaceae Dothideomycetes genera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhizoctonia Solani
''Rhizoctonia solani'' is a species of fungus in the order Cantharellales. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are thin, effused, and web-like, but the fungus is more typically encountered in its anamorphic state, as hyphae and sclerotia. The name ''Rhizoctonia solani'' is currently applied to a complex of related species that await further research. In its wide sense, ''Rhizoctonia solani'' is a facultative plant pathogen with a wide host range and worldwide distribution. It causes various plant diseases such as root rot, damping off, and wire stem. It can also form mycorrhizal associations with orchids. Taxonomy In 1858, the German plant pathologist Julius Kühn observed and described a fungus on diseased potato tubers and named it ''Rhizoctonia solani'', the species epithet referring to ''Solanum tuberosum'' (potato). The disease caused was well known before the discovery and description of the fungus. In 1956, Dutch mycologist M.A. Donk published the new name ''Thanatephorus cucumer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pythium Irregulare
''Pythium irregulare'' is a soil borne oomycete plant pathogen. Oomycetes, also known as "water molds", are fungal-like protists. They are fungal-like because of their similar life cycles, but differ in that the resting stage is diploid, they have coenocytic hyphae, a larger genome, cellulose in their cell walls instead of chitin, and contain zoospores (asexual motile spores) and oospores (sexual resting spores). Hosts and symptoms ''Pythium irregulare'' is an oomycete that causes pre- and post-emergence damping off, as well as root rot. Pre-emergence damping off occurs when ''P. irregulare'' infects seeds before they emerge, causing them to rot and turn brown, thus preventing successful growth. Alternatively, post-emergence damping off occurs when the oomycete infects just after the seed has germinated. This usually causes infection in the roots and stem which appears as water soaking and necrosis. Depending on the severity, plants may collapse or be severely stunted. In p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pythium Aphanidermatum
''Pythium aphanidermatum'' is a soil borne plant pathogen. ''Pythium'' is a genus in the class Oomycetes, which are also known as water molds. Oomycetes are not true fungi, as their cell walls are made of cellulose instead of chitin, they are diploid in their vegetative state, and they form coenocytic hyphae (lacking crosswalls). Also, they reproduce asexually with motile biflagelette zoospores that require water to move towards and infect a host. Sexually, they reproduce with structures called antheridia, oogonia, and oospores. Hosts ''Pythium aphanidermatum'' has a wide host range, and can have an economic impact on the cultivation of soybeans, beets, peppers, chrysanthemum, cucurbits, cotton and turf-grasses, however, because ''P. aphanidermatum'' requires warmer temperatures, it is often seen in greenhouses and has a large impact in poinsettia production. It is a major cause of root rot in papaya production in subtropical areas. While this is almost exclusively a pl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phytophthora
''Phytophthora'' (from Greek language, Greek (''phytón''), "plant" and (), "destruction"; "the plant-destroyer") is a genus of plant-damaging oomycetes (water molds), whose member species are capable of causing enormous economic losses on crops worldwide, as well as environmental degradation, environmental damage in natural ecosystems. As well as impacting large scale agriculture, ''Phytophthora'' is a nuisance to garden and indoor plant hobbyists as well as bonsai artists. The cell wall of ''Phytophthora'' is made up of cellulose. The genus was first described by Anton de Bary, Heinrich Anton de Bary in 1875. Approximately 170 species have been described, although 100–500 undiscovered ''Phytophthora'' species are estimated to exist. Pathogenicity ''Phytophthora'' species, spp. are mostly pathogens of dicotyledons, and many are relatively host-specific parasites. ''Phytophthora cinnamomi'', though, infects thousands of species ranging from club mosses, ferns, cycads, coni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phomopsis
''Phomopsis'' is a genus of Ascomycota, ascomycete fungi in the family Valsaceae. Species Species include: * ''Phomopsis arnoldiae'' * ''Phomopsis asparagi'' * ''Phomopsis asparagicola'' * ''Phomopsis azadirachtae'' * ''Phomopsis cannabina'' * ''Phomopsis caricae-papayae'' * ''Phomopsis coffeae'' * ''Phomopsis durionis'' Hans Sydow, Syd. 1932 * ''Phomopsis elaeagni'' * ''Phomopsis ganjae'' * ''Phomopsis javanica'' * ''Phomopsis juniperovora'' * ''Phomopsis lokoyae'' * ''Phomopsis longicolla'' * ''Phomopsis mangiferae'' * ''Phomopsis obscurans'' * ''Phomopsis perseae'' * ''Phomopsis pittospori'' * ''Phomopsis prunorum'' * ''Phomopsis sojae'' * ''Phomopsis scabra'' * ''Phomopsis sclerotioides'' * ''Phomopsis tanakae'' * ''Phomopsis theae'' * ''Phomopsis viticola'' Formerly placed here: *''Phomopsis vaccinii'', now ''Diaporthe vaccinii'' *''Phomopsis leptostromiformis'', now ''Diaporthe toxica'' Dead-arm infection One of the species of this genus, ''Phomopsis viticola, P. viticola' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bacterial Soft Rot
Bacterial soft rots are caused by several types of bacteria, but most commonly by species of gram-negative bacteria, ''Erwinia'', '' Pectobacterium'', and ''Pseudomonas''. It is a destructive disease of fruits, vegetables, and ornamentals found worldwide, and affects genera from nearly all the plant families. The bacteria mainly attack the fleshy storage organs of their hosts (tubers, corms, bulbs, and rhizomes), but they also affect succulent buds, stems, and petiole tissues. With the aid of special enzymes, the plant is turned into a liquidy mush in order for the bacteria to consume the plant cell's nutrients. Disease spread can be caused by simple physical interaction between infected and healthy tissues during storage or transit. The disease can also be spread by insects. Control of the disease is not always very effective, but sanitary practices in production, storing, and processing are something that can be done in order to slow the spread of the disease and protect yields. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fusarium Moniliforme
''Fusarium verticillioides'' is the most commonly reported fungal species infecting maize (''Zea mays''). ''Fusarium verticillioides'' is the accepted name of the species, which was also known as ''Fusarium moniliforme''. The species has also been described as mating population A of the ''Fusarium fujikuroi'' species complex (formally known as ''Gibberella fujikuroi'' species complex). ''F. verticllioides'' produces the mutagenic chemical compound fusarin C. ''F. verticillioides'' produces a group of disease-causing mycotoxins—fumonisins—on infected kernels. Control The growth of all strains of ''F. verticillioides'' is significantly inhibited by an iodine-containing fungistatic Fungistatics are anti-fungal agents that inhibit the growth of fungus (without killing the fungus). The term ''fungistatic'' may be used as both a noun and an adjective. Fungistatics have applications in agriculture, the food industry, the paint ind ... (AJ1629-34EC) at concentrations that do not har ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
