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List Of Fern Families
Below are lists of extant fern families and subfamilies using the classification scheme proposed by the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group in 2016 (PPG I). The scheme is based on molecular phylogenetic studies, and also draws on earlier classifications, particularly those by Smith ''et al.'' (2006), Chase and Reveal (2009), and Christenhusz ''et al.'' (2011). It rejects the very broad circumscription of some families used by Christenhusz and Chase (2014), whose Aspleniaceae corresponds to the entire suborder Aspleniineae of PPG I. __TOC__ Systematic order *Class Polypodiopsida Cronquist, Takht. & W.Zimm. (ferns, including horsetails) :*Subclass Equisetidae Warm. (horsetails and scouring-rushes) ::*Order Equisetales DC. ex Bercht. & J.Presl ::::*Family Equisetaceae Michx. ex DC :*Subclass Ophioglossidae Klinge (whisk ferns, adder's-tongues and moonworts) ::*Order Psilotales Prant ::::*Family Psilotaceae J.W.Griff. & Henfr. ::*Order Ophioglossales Link ::::*Family Ophioglossaceae Martinov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fern
A fern (Polypodiopsida or Polypodiophyta ) is a member of a group of vascular plants (plants with xylem and phloem) that reproduce via spores and have neither seeds nor flowers. The polypodiophytes include all living pteridophytes except the lycopods, and differ from mosses and other bryophytes by being vascular, i.e., having specialized tissues that conduct water and nutrients and in having life cycles in which the branched sporophyte is the dominant phase. Ferns have complex leaves called megaphylls, that are more complex than the microphylls of clubmosses. Most ferns are leptosporangiate ferns. They produce coiled fiddleheads that uncoil and expand into fronds. The group includes about 10,560 known extant species. Ferns are defined here in the broad sense, being all of the Polypodiopsida, comprising both the leptosporangiate (Polypodiidae) and eusporangiate ferns, the latter group including horsetails, whisk ferns, marattioid ferns, and ophioglossoid ferns. Ferns first ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Botrychioideae
Ophioglossaceae, the adder's-tongue family, is a small family of fern A fern (Polypodiopsida or Polypodiophyta ) is a member of a group of vascular plants (plants with xylem and phloem) that reproduce via spores and have neither seeds nor flowers. The polypodiophytes include all living pteridophytes except t ...s. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), it is the only family in the order Ophioglossales, which together with the Psilotales is placed in the subclass Ophioglossidae. The Ophioglossidae are one of the groups traditionally known as eusporangiate ferns. Members of the family differ from other ferns in a number of ways. Many have only a single fleshy leaf at a time. Their gametophytes are subterranean and rely on fungus, fungi for energy. Description Members of Ophioglossaceae are usually terrestrial (excepting a few epiphyte, epiphytic species of ''Ophioglossum'') and occur in both temperate and tropical areas. They differ from the o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
