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List Of Consonants
This is a list of all the consonants which have a dedicated letter in the International Phonetic Alphabet, plus some of the consonants which require diacritics, ordered by place and manner of articulation. Ordered by place of articulation Labial consonants (articulated by using the lips) Bilabial consonants *bilabial clicks ''etc.'' * bilabial nasal (man) * bilabial ejective *voiced bilabial implosive *voiceless bilabial plosive (spin) *voiced bilabial plosive (bed) * voiceless bilabial affricate * voiced bilabial affricate *voiceless bilabial fricative *voiced bilabial fricative *bilabial approximant *bilabial trill * bilabial percussive Labiodental consonants *labiodental approximant *labiodental nasal (symphony) *voiced labiodental fricative (van) *Voiced labiodental plosive *Voiced labiodental affricate *voiceless labiodental fricative (fan) * voiceless rounded velarized labiodental fricative *Voiceless labiodental plosive * Voiceless labiodental affri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Phonetic Alphabet
The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) is an alphabetic system of phonetic transcription, phonetic notation based primarily on the Latin script. It was devised by the International Phonetic Association in the late 19th century as a standardized representation of speech sounds in written form.International Phonetic Association (IPA), ''Handbook''. The IPA is used by lexicography, lexicographers, foreign language students and teachers, linguistics, linguists, speech–language pathology, speech–language pathologists, singers, actors, constructed language creators, and translators. The IPA is designed to represent those qualities of speech that are part of wiktionary:lexical, lexical (and, to a limited extent, prosodic) sounds in oral language: phone (phonetics), phones, phonemes, Intonation (linguistics), intonation, and the separation of words and syllables. To represent additional qualities of speech—such as tooth wiktionary:gnash, gnashing, lisping, and sounds made wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bilabial Trill
The voiced bilabial trill is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents the sound is , and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is B\. Features Features of the voiced bilabial trill: In most instances, it is only found as the trilled release of a prenasalized stop. Varieties Occurrences The Knorkator song " uchstabe (the actual title is a glyph) on the 1999 album '' Hasenchartbreaker'' uses a similar sound (though linguolabial instead of bilabial) to replace "br" in a number of German words (e.g. for ). Prenasalized Prestopped trills and stops with trill release Phonology In many of the languages in which the bilabial trill occurs, it occurs only as part of a prenasalized bilabial stop with trilled release, . That developed historically from a prenasalized stop before a relatively high back vowel like . In such instances, the sounds are usually still limited to the environment of a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Voiceless Bidental Fricative
The voiceless bidental fricative is a rare consonantal sound. The only natural language known to use it is the Shapsug dialect of Adyghe, where it appears as a variant of . People with hypoglossia (abnormally small tongue) may use it for target . Features Features of the voiceless bidental fricative: * Its place of articulation is bidental, which means it is articulated with the lower and upper teeth pressed together. Occurrence See also * List of phonetics topics A * Acoustic phonetics * Active articulator * Affricate * Airstream mechanism * Alexander John Ellis * Alexander Melville Bell * Alfred C. Gimson * Allophone * Alveolar approximant () * Alveolar click () * Alveolar consonant * Alveolar ej ... References {{IPA navigation Bidental consonants Fricative consonants Voiceless oral consonants Pulmonic consonants ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bidental Consonant
Bidental consonants are consonants articulated with both the lower and upper teeth. They are normally found only in speech pathology, and are distinct from interdental consonants such as , which involve the tongue articulated between the teeth rather than the teeth themselves. The diacritic for bidental consonants in the extensions to the IPA is the same superscript plus subscript bridge, . This is used for sounds most commonly found in disordered speech: *A bidental percussive, , produced by striking the teeth against each other (gnashing or chattering the teeth). *A voiceless bidental fricative, , a fricative made through clenched teeth with no involvement of the tongue or the lips, a "bidental (consonant) produced by air passing through the closed front teeth." *A voiced bidental fricative, . *Bidental aspiration of another consonant, e.g. . People with hypoglossia (abnormally small tongue) may use bidental fricatives for target and . There is at least one confirmed attestatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Voiceless Labiodental Affricate
The voiceless labiodental affricate ( in IPA) is a rare affricate consonant that is initiated as a labiodental stop and released as a voiceless labiodental fricative . The XiNkuna dialect of Tsonga has this affricate, as in "hippopotamuses" and aspirated "distance" (compare "tortoise", which shows that the stop is not epenthetic), as well as a voiced labiodental affricate, , as in "chin". There is no voiceless labiodental fricative in this dialect of Tsonga, only a voiceless bilabial fricative, as in "finished". (Among voiced fricatives, both and occur, however.) German has a similar sound in ''Pfeffer'' ('pepper') and ''Apfel'' ('apple'). Phonotactically, this sound does not occur after long vowels, diphthongs or . It differs from a true labiodental affricate in that it starts out bilabial but then the lower lip retracts slightly for the frication. The sound occurs occasionally in English, in words where one syllable ends with "p" and the next starts with "f", ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Voiceless Labiodental Plosive
The voiceless labiodental plosive or stop is a consonant sound produced like a but with the lower lip contacting the upper teeth, as in This can be represented in the IPA as . A separate symbol not recognized by the IPA that was occasionally seen, especially in Bantu linguistics, is the ''qp'' ligature . The voiceless labiodental plosive is possibly not phonemic in any language, though see the entry on Shubi. However, it does occur allophonically. The XiNkuna dialect of Tsonga has affricates, and . German ranges between , , and . Features Features of the voiceless labiodental stop: Varieties Occurrence See also * List of phonetics topics A * Acoustic phonetics * Active articulator * Affricate * Airstream mechanism * Alexander John Ellis * Alexander Melville Bell * Alfred C. Gimson * Allophone * Alveolar approximant () * Alveolar click () * Alveolar consonant * Alveolar ejective ... References External links * {{DEFAULTSORT:Voiceless Labiodental s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Voiceless Palatal-velar Fricative
The ''sj''-sound ( sv, sj-ljudet ) is a voiceless fricative phoneme found in most dialects of the sound system of Swedish. It has a variety of realisations, whose precise phonetic characterisation is a matter of debate, but which usually feature distinct labialization. The sound is represented in Swedish orthography by a number of spellings, including the digraph from which the common Swedish name for the sound is derived, as well as , , and (before front vowels) . The sound should not be confused with the Swedish ''tj''-sound , often spelled , , or (before front vowels) . The sound is transcribed in the International Phonetic Alphabet. The International Phonetic Association (IPA) describes it as a "simultaneous and ", but this realization is not attested from any language, and phoneticians doubt that it occurs in other languages.. Other descriptive labels include: * ''Voiceless postalveolo-velar fricative'' * ''Voiceless palatal-velar fricative'' * ''Voiceless dorso-palata ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Voiceless Labiodental Fricative
The voiceless labiodental fricative is a type of consonantal sound used in a number of spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is . Some scholars also posit the voiceless labiodental approximant distinct from the fricative. The approximant may be represented in the IPA as . Features Features of the voiceless labiodental fricative: Occurrence See also * List of phonetics topics A * Acoustic phonetics * Active articulator * Affricate * Airstream mechanism * Alexander John Ellis * Alexander Melville Bell * Alfred C. Gimson * Allophone * Alveolar approximant () * Alveolar click () * Alveolar consonant * Alveolar ejective ... Notes References * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * External links * {{IPA navigation Fricative consonants Pulmonic consonants Voiceless oral consonants ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Voiced Labiodental Affricate
The voiced labiodental affricate ( in IPA) is a rare affricate consonant that is initiated as a voiced labiodental stop and released as a voiced labiodental fricative . Features Features of the voiced labiodental affricate: *There are two variants of the stop component: **bilabial, which means it is articulated with both lips. The affricate with this stop component is called ''bilabial-labiodental''. **labiodental, which means it is articulated with the lower lip and the upper teeth. *The fricative component of this affricate is labiodental In phonetics, labiodentals are consonants articulated with the lower lip and the upper teeth. Labiodental consonants in the IPA The labiodental consonants identified by the International Phonetic Alphabet are: The IPA chart shades out ''labio ..., articulated with the lower lip and the upper teeth. Occurrence Notes References * * * * External links * Affricates Pulmonic consonants Voiced oral consonants ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Voiced Labiodental Plosive
The voiced labiodental plosive or stop is a consonant sound produced like a , but with the lower lip contacting the upper teeth, as in . This can be represented in the IPA as . A separate symbol that is sometimes seen, especially in Bantu linguistics, but not recognized by the IPA, is the ''db'' ligature . The voiced labiodental plosive is not known to be phonemic in any language. However, it does occur allophonically: In the Austronesian language Sika, this sound occurs as an allophone of the labiodental flap in careful pronunciation. The XiNkuna dialect of Tsonga has affricates, (voiceless labiodental affricate) and (voiced labiodental affricate The voiced labiodental affricate ( in IPA) is a rare affricate consonant that is initiated as a voiced labiodental stop and released as a voiced labiodental fricative . Features Features of the voiced labiodental affricate: *There are two ...). Features Features of the "voiced labiodental stop": Occurrence ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Voiced Labiodental Fricative
The voiced labiodental fricative is a type of consonantal sound used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is , and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is v. The sound is similar to voiced alveolar fricative /z/ in that it is familiar to most European speakers, but cross-linguistically it is a fairly uncommon sound, being only a quarter as frequent as Moreover, most languages that have /z/ also have /v/ and similarly to /z/, the overwhelming majority of languages with are languages of Europe, Africa, or Western Asia, although the similar labiodental approximant /ʋ/ is also common in India. The presence of and absence of , is a very distinctive areal feature of European languages and those of adjacent areas of Siberia and Central Asia. Speakers of East Asian languages that lack this sound may pronounce it as (Korean and Japanese), or / (Cantonese and Mandarin), and thus be unable to distinguish between a number of E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Labiodental Nasal
The voiced labiodental nasal is a type of consonantal sound. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is . The IPA symbol is a lowercase letter ''m'' with a leftward hook protruding from the lower right of the letter. Occasionally it is instead transcribed as an with a dental diacritic: (for example in extIPA, where the two transcriptions are presented as variants). The labiodental pronunciation of is very similar to that of the bilabial nasal , but instead of the lips touching each other, the lower lip touches the upper teeth. The position of the lips and teeth is generally the same as for the production of the labiodental fricatives and , though air escapes between the lip and the teeth in the case of the fricatives. Although commonly appearing in languages, it is overwhelmingly an allophone restricted to a position before the labiodental consonants and . A phonemic has only been reported for the Kukuya language, which contrasts it w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
