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List Of Taoists
List of Taoists is a list of some historical figures in Taoism. Classical * Laozi (601 BCE–531 BCE) (Founder of Philosophical Taoism) * Wenzi (c. 5th century BCE) * Lie Yukou (Liezi) (c. 400 BCE) * Zhuang Zi (Chuang Tzu) (c. 4th century BCE) * Guiguzi (c. 2nd century BCE) * Yang Xiong (53 BCE–18) * Maming Sheng (c. 100) * Yin Changsheng (120–210) * Wei Boyang (151–221) * Ge Xuan (164–244) * Zhang Jiao (d. 184) * Gan Ji (d. 200) * He Yan (195–249) * Ji Kang (223–262) * Zhang Daoling (Zhang Ling) (c. 2nd century) * Zhongli Quan (c. 2nd century) (Legendary figure) * Zhang Lu (d. 216) * Wang Bi (226–249) * Guo Xiang (Kuo Hsiang) (252–312) * Fan Changsheng (d. 318) * Bao Jing (d. 330) * Wei Huacun (252–334) * Ge Hong (284–364) * Pao Ching-yen (c. 3rd century) * Bao Gu (c. 4th century) * Kou Qianzhi (365–448) * Lu Xiujing (406–477) * Ge Chaofu (c. 4th or 5th century) * Tao Hongjing (456–536) * Sun Simiao (d. 682) * Li Bi (722–789) * Lü Dongbin (c. 7 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taoism
Taoism (, ) or Daoism () refers to either a school of Philosophy, philosophical thought (道家; ''daojia'') or to a religion (道教; ''daojiao''), both of which share ideas and concepts of China, Chinese origin and emphasize living in harmony with the ''Tao'' (, 'Thoroughfare'); the ''Tao'' is generally defined as the source of everything and the ultimate principle underlying reality. The ''Tao Te Ching'', a book containing teachings attributed to Laozi (), together with the later Zhuangzi (book), writings of Zhuangzi, are both widely considered the keystone works of Taoism. Taoism teaches about the various disciplines for achieving perfection through self-cultivation. This can be done through the use of Taoist techniques and by becoming one with the unplanned rhythms of the all, called "the way" or "Tao". Taoist ethics vary depending on the particular school, but in general tend to emphasize ''wu wei'' (action without intention), naturalness, simplicity, spontaneity and the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zhang Lu (Han Dynasty)
Zhang Lu () (died 216), courtesy name Gongqi, was a Chinese politician, religious leader, and warlord who lived during the late Eastern Han dynasty. He was the third generation Celestial Master, a Taoist religious order. He controlled a state in the Hanzhong region, which he had named Hanning () until 215, when he surrendered to Cao Cao, whom he would serve until his death one year later. Warlord of Hanzhong Upon the death of his father, Zhang Heng ( 张衡), Zhang Lu inherited control of the Celestial Masters religious group, and therefore became its third leader (the first was Zhang Lu's grandfather Zhang Daoling). The religion enjoyed its greatest popularity in Yi Province (covering present-day Sichuan and Chongqing), but when Zhang Lu took control of the group, it was being challenged in the area by a shamanistic religion led by Zhang Xiu ( 張脩, no family relation to Zhang Lu). Against this background, both Zhang Lu and Zhang Xiu were abruptly ordered by Liu Yan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sun Simiao
Sun Simiao (; died 682) was a Chinese physician and writer of the Sui and Tang dynasty. He was titled as China's King of Medicine (, Yaowang) for his significant contributions to Chinese medicine and tremendous care to his patients. Books Sun wrote two books - ''Beiji qianjin yaofang'' ("Essential Formulas for Emergencies ortha Thousand Pieces/Catty of Gold") and ''Qian Jin Yi Fang'' ("Supplement to the Formulas of a Thousand Gold Worth") - that were both milestones in the history of Chinese medicine, summarizing pre-Tang dynasty medicine. The former listed about 5300 recipes for medicines, and the latter 2000. He also put forth the “Thirteen measures to keep health”, which claimed that actions like touching hair, rolling eyes, walking, and shaking heads improved health. Apart from this, he is known for the text "On the Absolute Sincerity of Great Physicians," often called " the Chinese Hippocratic Oath," or called " Dayi Heart", which comes from the first chapter of the fi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tao Hongjing
Tao Hongjing (456–536), courtesy name Tongming, was a Chinese alchemist, astronomer, calligrapher, military general, musician, physician, and pharmacologist, and writer during the Northern and Southern dynasties (420–589). A polymathic individual of many talents, he was best known as a founder of the Shangqing "Highest Clarity" School of Taoism and the compiler-editor of the basic Shangqing scriptures. Biography There are a variety of sources about Tao Hongjing's life, from his own writings to biographies in the official Twenty-Four Histories. The British sinologist Lionel Giles said Tao's "versatility was amazing: scholar, philosopher, calligraphist, musician, alchemist, pharmacologist, astronomer, he may be regarded as the Chinese counterpart of Leonardo da Vinci". Secular life Tao Hongjing was born in Moling (秣陵, present-day Jiangning District, Nanjing, Jiangsu), which was near the Northern and Southern dynasties period capital Jiankang (present-day Nanjing). His fa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ge Chaofu
Ge Chaofu () is a member of the Chinese Ge family who lived during the 4th and 5th centuries CE. He is best known for writing the Taoist scripture known as ''The Five Talismans'' (''Wufujing'') which forms the basis of the beliefs of the Lingbao School of Taoism. Beyond this, very little is known about Ge Chaofu and his life. Life Very little is known about Ge Chaofu beyond his association with the Lingbao School's scriptures. Taoist records indicate that Ge Chaofu was the grandnephew of the famous alchemist Ge Hong, and was the inheritor of the Ge family's alchemical texts through a master disciple transmission system. He was most likely born in Jurong, the ancestral home of the Ge family, sometime in the latter half of the 4th century CE. In the 390s, he researched the books contained in the Ge family library along with Buddhist and Shangqing texts and expanded the five talismans contained within Ge Hong's book the '' Baopuzi'' in order to create a new text known as ''The Fi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lu Xiujing
Lu Xiujing (; 406–477), known by the courtesy name Yuande (元德) and the posthumous name Jianji (簡寂), was a Taoist compiler and ritualist who lived under the Liu Song dynasty. His education was of Confucianist leaning. Nevertheless, he chose to study Taoism. Lu was devoted to his faith to the point of abandoning his family. During his pilgrimages to the various mountains where eminent Taoists had lived, Lu had the chance to collect the scriptures of various currents. His most important accomplishments are his edition of the Lingbao texts and his compilation of the first Taoist Canon. The structure of the canon, called "Three Caverns", will be used from the Tang dynasty onward. When he was working on the Lingbao compendium, Lu helped structure and expand the already complex set of rituals. Although Lu attributed a lot of importance to the rituals, he put them in second position in the Taoist Canon, that is in the second cavern. Lu was eloquent and hard-working, and he pl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kou Qianzhi
Kou Qianzhi () (365–448) was a Taoist reformer who reenvisioned many of the ceremonies and rites of the Way of the Celestial Master form of Taoism and reformulated its theology into a new movement known as The Northern Celestial Masters. His influence was such that he had Taoism established as the official state religion of the Northern Wei dynasty (386–535); this act, however, embroiled Taoism in long and often bloody factional political struggles. There was a saying Kou Qianzhi once secluded in Mount Huashan for his Taoism meditation. Life Kou apparently began his career as a Taoist physician and hygienist. But in 415 he had a vision: a spirit appeared before him and told him that since the death of Zhang Daoling, the great founder of the Way of the Celestial Master ("Tradition of the Celestial Master of the Mighty Commonwealth of Orthodox Oneness") sect of Taoism, the sect had been corrupted by false doctrines. Kou was awarded Zhang Daoling's old title of ''tianshi'' ("c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bao Gu
Bao Gu (Chinese: 鮑姑, 4th-century), was a Chinese Taoist physician. She is the daughter of accomplished Taoist practitioner and governor Bao Jing and the wife of Ge Hong who is the author of '' Baopuzi''. She is also known as one of the famous four female physicians in Chinese history, along with Zhang Xiaoniang of Northern Song dynasty, Yi Xu of the Western Han dynasty, and Tan Yunxian, who was active during the Ming dynasty. Zheng Jin-Sheng. “Female Medical Workers in Ancient China.” She was active during the Eastern Jin dynasty Eastern may refer to: Transportation *China Eastern Airlines, a current Chinese airline based in Shanghai *Eastern Air, former name of Zambia Skyways *Eastern Air Lines, a defunct American airline that operated from 1926 to 1991 *Eastern Air Li .... References {{DEFAULTSORT:Bao Gu 4th-century deaths 4th-century Chinese women 4th-century Chinese physicians Ancient women physicians Ancient Chinese scientists Ancient women scie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pao Ching-yen
Bao Jingyan or Pao Ching-yen ( zh, 鮑敬言) (Pinyin: Bào Jìngyán) was a Chinese people, Chinese, libertarian/anarchist philosopher and Taoist who lived somewhere between the late 200's AD and before 400 AD. Political thought A successor of Laozi and Zhuang Zhou strain of libertarian Taoism, Pao Ching-yen was, according to Etienne Balazs, "China’s first political anarchist." Bao Jingyan was the author of the treatise "Neither Lord Nor Subject", preserved in the Waipian (part of the Baopuzi) of the Taoist Ge Hong. The latter has indeed worked to refute Bao's essay. Bao was the first in China to place utopia in the field of politics. Influenced by Zhuangzi's thought, he opposed despotic absolutism. Given the obscurity of Bao Jingyan's person, Jean Levi hypothesized that he could have been the pen name of Ge Hong, who would thus pass subversive theses without taking too many risks, or at the very least that Ge felt a certain sympathy towards these theses. But this claim does ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ge Hong
Ge Hong (; b. 283 – d. 343 or 364), courtesy name Zhichuan (稚川), was a Chinese linguist, Taoist practitioner, philosopher, physician, politician, and writer during the Eastern Jin dynasty. He was the author of '' Essays on Chinese Characters'', the '' Baopuzi'', the ''Emergency Formulae at an Elbow's Length'', among others. He was the originator of first aid in traditional Chinese medicine and influenced later generations. Early life Ge Hong was born as the third son into a well-established family, his father died when he was 13. Career In his public service role as an official, he was often asked to appraise his friends and acquaintances as possible candidates for government office positions and was also chosen to perform military service. However, he was unhappy with his life as an official. Although he never rejected Confucianism, he grew interested in Taoist cultivation and using drugs so he could achieve the spiritual freedoms of Taoist Immortality. He wrote an auto ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wei Huacun
Wei Huacun (252–334), courtesy name Xianan (賢安), was a founder of the Shangqing School of Taoism. Overview Wei was born in 252 in Jining, Shandong in the former county of Rencheng (任城). Her father, Wei Shu (魏舒), was a government official. From an early age she displayed a propensity for studying the works of Laozi and Zhuangzi, and practising Taoist methods of cultivation. At the age of 24, she was married to Liu Wen (劉文) against her will by her parents and had two sons. After they grew up, she resumed her Taoist practices. At some point she became a libationer in the priesthood of the Celestial Master School of Taoism. According to her Shangqing hagiographers, her devotion to Taoist cultivation so impressed a number of immortals that she received revelations from them - 31 volumes of Taoist scriptures, which would become the foundation of Shangqing Taoism. Among these was the ''Yellow Court Classic'' (黃庭經), which detailed a form of Taoist meditati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bao Jing
Bao Jing (鮑靚, 260?–330 CE) was a Daoist ''xian'' ("transcendent; 'immortal'") best known for having been a disciple of the transcendent master Yin Changsheng from whom he received the ''Taixuan Yin Shengfu'' (太玄陰生符, Yin Sheng's Talisman of Great Mystery), and for having transmitted a version of the ''Sanhuang wen'' (三皇文, Writings of the Three Sovereigns) to his disciple and son-in-law Ge Hong. Names Bao Jing's courtesy name was ''Tàixuán'' (太玄, "Great Mystery"), which is a common Taoist term, e.g., Yang Xiong's c. 2 BCE ''Taixuanjing'' ("Canon of Supreme Mystery"), and the "Great Mystery" section of the ''Taoist Canon''. He is honorifically called Bao Taixuan or simply Bao Xuan. Another famous Taoist with the same surname is Bao Jingyan (鮑敬言), whose "anarchistic" views were partially preserved in an Outer Chapter of the Ge Hong's '' Baopuzi''. Joseph Needham says it "remains an open question" whether Bao Jing and Bao Jingyan were the same person ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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