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List Of R1a Frequency By Population
Haplogroup R1a is one of the major classifications (called clades) of Y-chromosome types found in human male lines. It is widespread all across Eurasia Eurasia (, ) is the largest continental area on Earth, comprising all of Europe and Asia. Primarily in the Northern and Eastern Hemispheres, it spans from the British Isles and the Iberian Peninsula in the west to the Japanese archipelago a .... Many sample studies therefore carry information on the incidence of R1a and/or its subclassifications, in particular the dominant branching line represented by the haplogroups R1a1 and R1a1a. The table below collates information from a number of such sample studies, with incidence frequencies in sample data reported as percentages, along with the associated sample sizes. Data Notes References * * * *. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *. * * * * in K. Boyle, C. Renfrew, and M. Levine, eds. Ancient interactions: east and west in Eurasia. McDonald Institute for Archaeo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
* (haplogroup)
Paragroup is a term used in population genetics to describe lineages within a haplogroup that are not defined by any additional unique markers. In human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups, paragroups are typically represented by an asterisk (*) placed after the main haplogroup. The term "paragroup" is a portmanteau of the terms paraphyletic In taxonomy (general), taxonomy, a group is paraphyletic if it consists of the group's most recent common ancestor, last common ancestor and most of its descendants, excluding a few Monophyly, monophyletic subgroups. The group is said to be pa ... haplogroup indicating that paragroups form paraphyletic subclades. Apart from the mutations that define the parent haplogroup, paragroups may not possess any additional unique markers. Alternatively paragroups may possess unique markers that have not been discovered. If a unique marker is discovered within a paragroup, the specific lineage is given a unique name and is moved out of the paragrou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bengali Brahmins
The Bengali Brahmins are Hindu Brahmins who traditionally reside in the Bengal region of the Indian subcontinent, currently comprising the Indian state of West Bengal and the country of Bangladesh. The Bengali Brahmins, along with Baidyas and Kayasthas, are regarded among the three traditional higher castes of Bengal. In the colonial era, the Bhadraloks of Bengal were primarily, but not exclusively, drawn from these three castes, who continue to maintain a collective hegemony in West Bengal. History Multiple land-grants to Brahmins, from since the Gupta Era have been observed. The Dhanaidaha copper-plate inscription, dated to 433 CE, is the earliest of them and records a grantee Brahmin named Varahasvamin. The 7th-century Nidhanpur copperplate inscription mentions that a marshy land tract adjacent to an existing settlement was given to more than 208 Vaidika Brahmins (Brahmins versed in the Vedas) belonging to 56 gotras and different Vedic schools. It is traditionally believe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Santal People
The Santal or Santhal are an Austroasiatic speaking Munda ethnic group in South Asia. Santals are the largest tribe in the Jharkhand and West Bengal state of India in terms of population and are also found in the states of Odisha, Bihar and Assam. They are the largest ethnic minority in northern Bangladesh's Rajshahi Division and Rangpur Division. They have a sizeable population in Nepal. The Santals speak Santali, the most widely spoken Munda languages of Austro-asiatic language family. Etymology Santal is most likely derived from an exonym. The term refers to inhabitants of in erstwhile Silda in Medinapore region in West Bengal. The sanskrit word ''Samant'' or Bengali ''Saont'' means plain land. Their ethnonym is ("sons of mankind"). History Origins According to linguist Paul Sidwell, Austro-Asiatic language speakers probably arrived on coast of Odisha from Indochina about 4,000â3,500 years ago. The Austroasiatic speakers spread from Southeast Asia and mixed exte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mahali
The Mahli are a community in the Indian states of Jharkhand, Odisha and West Bengal. Basketry was main occupation of mahlis. Mahli speak Sadri, Mundari and Santali as their mother tongue rather than Mahli. May be Mahli is a threatened language. Also use Bengali, Hindi and Odia. They are included in list of Scheduled Tribe. Origin They are caste who works as palaqulin bearers and bamboo workers. They are divided into five endogamous subdivision: the bansphor Mahli, pahar mahli, Sulunkhi, Tanti and Mahli Munda. Their some septs are Barwar (banayan), Bhuktuar, dumriar (wild fig), gundli (a kind of grain), Induar (eel), Kantiar, Kasriar, Kathargachh (jackfruit tree), Kendriar, Kerketta (a bird), mahukal (a bird), Tirki, Tunduar, Turu, Lang Chenre, Sanga. Their four septs Hansda, Hemron, Murmu, Saren also found in Santal tribe. Culture Their traditional occupation was making households items of bamboo. They were also making musical instruments such as Mandar, Dhol, Nagara etc. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ho People
The Ho or Kolha people are an Austroasiatic Munda ethnic group of India. They call themselves the ''Ho'', ''Hodoko'' and ''Horo,'' which mean 'human' in their own language. Officially, however, they are mentioned in different subgroups like Kolha, Mundari, Munda, Kol and Kolah in Odisha. They are mostly concentrated in the Kolhan region of Jharkhand and Odisha where they constitute around 10.7% and 7.3% of the total Scheduled Tribe population respectively, as of 2011 . With a population of approximately 700,000 in the state in 2001, the Ho are the fourth most numerous Scheduled tribe in Jharkhand after the Santals, Kurukhs, and Mundas. Ho also inhabit adjacent areas in the neighboring states of Odisha, West Bengal and Bihar bringing the total to 806,921 as of 2001. They also live in Bangladesh and Nepal. The ethnonym "Ho" is derived from the Ho language word ''hÅ'' meaning "human". The name is also applied to their language which is an Austroasiatic language closely relate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asur People
Asur people are a very small Austroasiatic ethnic group living primarily in the Indian state of Jharkhand Jharkhand (; ; ) is a state in eastern India. The state shares its border with the states of West Bengal to the east, Chhattisgarh to the west, Uttar Pradesh to the northwest, Bihar to the north and Odisha to the south. It has an area of . I ..., mostly in the Gumla district, Gumla, Lohardaga district, Lohardaga, Palamu district, Palamu and Latehar district, Latehar districts. They speak Asur language, which belongs to Munda languages, Munda family of Austro-asiatic languages. Occupations Asurs are traditionally iron-smelters. They were once hunter gatherers, having also involved in shifting agriculture. However, majority of them shifted into agriculture with 91.19 percent enlisted as cultivators in the 2011 census. Their indigenous technology of iron smelting gives them a distinct identity; as they claim to have descended from the ancient Asuras who were associated ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meitei People
The Meitei people, also known as the Manipuri people,P.20: "historically, academically and conventionally Manipuri prominently refers to the Meetei people."P.24: "For the Meeteis, Manipuris comprise Meeteis, Lois, Kukis, Nagas and Pangal." is the predominant ethnic group of Manipur in Northeast India. They speak Meitei language (officially called Manipuri), one of the 22 official languages of the Indian Republic and the sole official language of Manipur. The Meiteis primarily settled in the Imphal Valley region in modern-day Manipur, though a sizable population has settled in the other Indian states of Assam, Tripura, Nagaland, Meghalaya, and Mizoram. There is also a notable presence of Meitei in the neighboring countries of Myanmar and Bangladesh. The Meitei ethnic group represents about 53% of Manipur's population.Khomdan Singh Lisam, ''Encyclopaedia Of Manipur'', , pp. 322â347 Endonyms and exonyms The Meitei are known by a number of endonyms, ''Meitei'', ''Meetei'', ''M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meo (ethnic Group)
Meo (pronounced as ''may-o'' or ''mev''), also called Mewati, is an ethnic group from the Mewat Muslim Rajput community of north-western India which includes the Nuh district (previously Mewat) in Haryana and parts of adjacent Alwar district and Bharatpur district in Rajasthan. Meos are Muslim Rajputs and speak the Indo-Aryan Mewati language.Mewati make up majority of muslims in nawabo ka nimbaheda History and origin Meos are inhabitants of Mewat, a region that consists of Mewat district in Haryana and some parts of adjoining Alwar district and Bharatpur district of Rajasthan and Western Uttar Pradesh, where the Meos have lived for a millennium. According to one theory, they were Hindu Meena and Rajput clans converted to Islam between the 12th and 17th centuries so A Meo with Islam, until as late as Aurangzeb's rule but they have maintained their age-old distinctive cultural identity until today. According to S. L. Sharma and R. N. Srivastava, the Mughals had little effect of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meena
Meena () is a sub-group of Bhils. They speak Meena language. They started adopting the Brahmin worship system. Its name is also transliterated as ''Meenanda'' or ''Mina''. Historians claim that they belong to the Matsya tribe. They got the status of Scheduled Tribe by the Government of India in 1954. The Zamindar Meena, Chowkidar Meena, Gurjar Meena, Padiyar Meena, Bhil Meena, Rawat Meena, Takur Meena and Rajput Meena are a subgroup of Meenas. Etymology The word Meena or Mina is derived from the Sanskrit word Meen, which means fish. Ethnography The Meenas were originally a ''nomadic tribe''. They were described as a ''semi-wild'' and ''hill tribe'' similar to the Bhils. But in the British Raj, for the fulfillment of its purpose by the British Government, they were described as a ''criminal tribe'' by adding them to the Criminal Tribes Act. Presently they are described as ''Scheduled Tribe'' by the Indian Government. Geography The book ''Civilizations of India'', pub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Koli People
The Koli is an Indian caste found in Rajasthan, Himachal Pradesh, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Karnataka, Odisha and Jammu and Kashmir states in India. Koli is an agriculturist caste of Gujarat but in coastal areas they also work as fishermen along with agriculture. In the beginning of 20th century, the Koli caste was recognised as a Criminal Tribe under Criminal Tribes Act by British Indian government because of their anti-social activities during World War I. The Koli caste forms the largest caste-cluster in Gujarat and Himachal Pradesh, comprising 24% and 30% of the total population in those states respectively. History Early There has historically been some difficulty in identifying people as Koli or as Bhil people in what is now the state of Gujarat. The two communities co-existed in the hills of that area and even today there is confusion regarding their identity, not helped, in the opinion of sociologist Arvind Shah, by there being "hardly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dungri Garasia
The Dungri Garasia are a clan of the Bhil ethnic community found in the states of Gujarat and Rajasthan in India. They have scheduled tribe status. Origin The word Dungri literally hills and Garasia means a clearer of forest in the Rajasthani dialect. According to their traditions, this community of Bhils migrated from Mewar about three hundred years ago to escape the Muslim forces attacking the Maharana Pratap. They are now found in the taluks of Meghraj, Bhiloda, Vijaynagar, and Khed Brahma taheshil, Gujarat, where the community still speaks vagdi Wagdi is a Bhil language of India spoken mainly in Dungarpur and Banswara districts of Southern Rajasthan Rajasthan (; lit. 'Land of Kings') is a state in northern India. It covers or 10.4 per cent of India's total geographical are .... Present circumstances Gujarat In Gujarat, the Adivasi dungri garasia are an endogamous community. They consists of two sub-divisions, the Bhagat and Sansari, who do not intermarry. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bharwad
The Bharwad, also known as gadaria, are a Hindu caste found in the state of Gujarat in India, primarily engaged in herding livestock. History The Bharwads claim they are the descendants of (Hinduism). According to Sudipta Mitra, historians believe the Bharwards arrived in northern Gujarat in the 10th century, fleeing the Muslim invasions of Sindh. They then spread out throughout Saurashtra. Divisions Of the various reasons given for the division between Motabhai and Nanabhai, the most popular is that brothers were ordered by Krishna to take their flocks to different places. The older of the brothers went on to marry a Bharwad woman while the other married a other woman. Since the latter was a marriage outside the community, the offspring were deemed to be ritually polluted. Thus the Motabhai (literally, "big brother") descend from the first and the Nanabhai ("little brother") from the latter. Varna and socio-economic status Mitra notes that they are generally consi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
