Limb Girdle Syndrome

	Limb Girdle Syndrome Limb girdle syndrome is a term to describe several distinct medical conditions including polymyositis Polymyositis (PM) is a type of chronic inflammation of the muscles (inflammatory myopathy) related to dermatomyositis and inclusion body myositis. Its name means "inflammation of many muscles" ('' poly-'' + '' myos-'' + ''-itis''). The inflammati ..., myopathy associated with endocrine disease, metabolic myopathy, drug-induced myopathy and limb-girdle muscular dystrophy. Limb girdle syndrome is weakness located and concentrated around the proximal limb muscles. There are many causes, manifestations and treatments.Wilkinson, Iain and Lennox, Graham (June 2005). Essential Neurology (4th ed.). Wiley-Blackwell. p. 170. . References Systemic connective tissue disorders Syndromes {{musculoskeletal-disease-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Polymyositis Polymyositis (PM) is a type of chronic inflammation of the muscles (inflammatory myopathy) related to dermatomyositis and inclusion body myositis. Its name means "inflammation of many muscles" ('' poly-'' + '' myos-'' + ''-itis''). The inflammation of polymyositis is mainly found in the endomysial layer of skeletal muscle, whereas dermatomyositis is characterized primarily by inflammation of the perimysial layer of skeletal muscles. Signs and symptoms The hallmark of polymyositis is weakness and/or loss of muscle mass in the proximal musculature, as well as flexion of the neck and torso. These symptoms can be associated with marked pain in these areas as well. The hip extensors are often severely affected, leading to particular difficulty in climbing stairs and rising from a seated position. The skin involvement of dermatomyositis is absent in polymyositis. Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) or other problems with esophageal motility occur in as many as 1/3 of patients. Low grad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Myopathy Associated With Endocrine Disease In medicine, myopathy is a disease of the muscle in which the muscle fibers do not function properly. This results in muscular weakness. ''Myopathy'' means muscle disease ( Greek : myo- ''muscle'' + patheia '' -pathy'' : ''suffering''). This meaning implies that the primary defect is within the muscle, as opposed to the nerves (" neuropathies" or " neurogenic" disorders) or elsewhere (e.g., the brain). Muscle cramps, stiffness, and spasm can also be associated with myopathy. Capture myopathy can occur in wild or captive animals, such as deer and kangaroos, and leads to morbidity and mortality. It usually occurs as a result of stress and physical exertion during capture and restraint. Muscular disease can be classified as neuromuscular or musculoskeletal in nature. Some conditions, such as myositis, can be considered both neuromuscular and musculoskeletal. Signs and symptoms Common symptoms include muscle weakness, cramps, stiffness, and tetany. Systemic diseases ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Metabolic Myopathy Metabolic myopathies are Myopathy, myopathies that result from defects in biochemical metabolism that primarily affect muscle. They are generally genetic defects that interfere with muscle's ability to create energy. At the cellular level, metabolic myopathies lack some kind of enzyme that prevent the chemical reactions necessary to create Adenosine triphosphate, adenosine triphosphate (ATP). ATP is often referred to as the "molecular unit of currency" of intracellular energy transfer. The lack of ATP prevents the muscle cells from being able to function properly. Some people with a metabolic myopathy never develop symptoms due to the body's ability to produce enough ATP through alternative pathways. ATP → ADP + Pi + energy → muscle contraction ATP is needed for muscle contraction by two processes: # Firstly, ATP is needed for transport proteins to actively transport Calcium metabolism#Muscle, calcium ions into the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) of the muscle cell between musc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Drug-induced Myopathy A drug is any chemical substance that causes a change in an organism's physiology or psychology when consumed. Drugs are typically distinguished from food and substances that provide nutritional support. Consumption of drugs can be via inhalation, injection, smoking, ingestion, absorption via a patch on the skin, suppository, or dissolution under the tongue. In pharmacology, a drug is a chemical substance, typically of known structure, which, when administered to a living organism, produces a biological effect. A pharmaceutical drug, also called a medication or medicine, is a chemical substance used to treat, cure, prevent, or diagnose a disease or to promote well-being. Traditionally drugs were obtained through extraction from medicinal plants, but more recently also by organic synthesis. Pharmaceutical drugs may be used for a limited duration, or on a regular basis for chronic disorders. Pharmaceutical drugs are often classified into drug classes—groups of re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Systemic Connective Tissue Disorders Systemic fundamental to a predominant social, economic, or political practice. This refers to: In medicine In medicine, ''systemic'' means affecting the whole body, or at least multiple organ systems. It is in contrast with ''topical'' or ''local''. * Systemic administration, a route of administration of medication so that the entire body is affected Systemic circulation, carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the body and then returns deoxygenated blood back to the heart Systemic disease, an illness that affects multiple organs, systems or tissues, or the entire body Systemic effect, an adverse effect of an exposure that affects the body as a whole, rather than one part Systemic inflammatory response syndrome, an inflammatory state affecting the whole body, frequently in response to infection Systemic lupus erythematosus, a chronic autoimmune connective tissue disease that can affect any part of the body Systemic scleroderma, also known as systemic sclerosis, a systemi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]