Lightning Creek (British Columbia)
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Lightning Creek (British Columbia)
Lightning Creek is a creek located in the Cariboo region of British Columbia British Columbia (commonly abbreviated as BC) is the westernmost province of Canada, situated between the Pacific Ocean and the Rocky Mountains. It has a diverse geography, with rugged landscapes that include rocky coastlines, sandy beaches, .... This creek flows into the Swift River and was discovered in 1861 by Cunningham, Bell and Hume. Lightning Creek was mined for gold. A problem mining this creek is the depth of the bedrock and the flooding of the deep diggings. In 1876 half a dozen companies were operating pumps twenty four hours a day and raising almost 20 million gallons per day in an effort to keep the ground drained. The total value of the gold yielded from the creek is about $15,000,000. The tributaries on the south side of this creek yielded gold, but those on the north side yielded little gold. References Rivers of British Columbia {{BritishColumbia-river-s ...
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Cariboo
The Cariboo is an intermontane region of British Columbia, Canada, centered on a plateau stretching from Fraser Canyon to the Cariboo Mountains. The name is a reference to the caribou that were once abundant in the region. The Cariboo was the first region of the interior north of the lower Fraser River and its canyon to be settled by non-indigenous people, and played an important part in the early history of the colony and province. The boundaries of the Cariboo proper in its historical sense are debatable, but its original meaning was the region north of the forks of the Quesnel River and the low mountainous basins between the mouth of that river on the Fraser at the city of Quesnel and the northward end of the Cariboo Mountains, an area that is mostly in the Quesnel Highland and focused on several now-famous gold-bearing creeks near the head of the Willow River. The richest of them all, Williams Creek, is the location of Barkerville, which was the capital of the Cariboo Gol ...
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British Columbia
British Columbia (commonly abbreviated as BC) is the westernmost province of Canada, situated between the Pacific Ocean and the Rocky Mountains. It has a diverse geography, with rugged landscapes that include rocky coastlines, sandy beaches, forests, lakes, mountains, inland deserts and grassy plains, and borders the province of Alberta to the east and the Yukon and Northwest Territories to the north. With an estimated population of 5.3million as of 2022, it is Canada's third-most populous province. The capital of British Columbia is Victoria and its largest city is Vancouver. Vancouver is the third-largest metropolitan area in Canada; the 2021 census recorded 2.6million people in Metro Vancouver. The first known human inhabitants of the area settled in British Columbia at least 10,000 years ago. Such groups include the Coast Salish, Tsilhqotʼin, and Haida peoples, among many others. One of the earliest British settlements in the area was Fort Victoria, established ...
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Swift River (Cottonwood River)
Swift River is the name of a Yukon town and several rivers: ;Canada *Swift River (Cottonwood River), British Columbia *Swift River (Teslin Lake), British Columbia ;Jamaica *Swift River (Jamaica) ;New Zealand *Swift River, New Zealand ;United Kingdom *River Swift, a tributary of the River Avon (Warwickshire) ;United States *Swift River (Alaska) *Swift River (Bearcamp River), a tributary of the Bearcamp River, New Hampshire *Swift River (Maine), a tributary of the Androscoggin River *Swift River (Minnesota) *Swift River (Saco River), a tributary of the Saco River, New Hampshire *Swift River (Ware River) The Swift River is a river in Massachusetts. It has an east branch, a west branch, and a middle branch. It is a tributary of the Ware River. Part of it is dammed in the Swift River Valley to form the Quabbin Reservoir serving Boston and Eastern M ..., a tributary of the Ware River, Massachusetts * Swift River (Westfield River), a tributary of the Westfield River, Massachusetts ...
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Gold Mining
Gold mining is the extraction of gold resources by mining. Historically, mining gold from alluvial deposits used manual separation processes, such as gold panning. However, with the expansion of gold mining to ores that are not on the surface, has led to more complex extraction processes such as pit mining and gold cyanidation. In the 20th and 21st centuries, most volume of mining was done by large corporations, however the value of gold has led to millions of small, artisanal miners in many parts of the Global South. Like all mining, human rights and environmental issues are common issues in the gold mining industry. In smaller mines with less regulation, health and safety risks are much higher. History The exact date that humans first began to mine gold is unknown, but some of the oldest known gold artifacts were found in the Varna Necropolis in Bulgaria. The graves of the necropolis were built between 4700 and 4200 BC, indicating that gold mining could be at least 700 ...
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Bedrock
In geology, bedrock is solid Rock (geology), rock that lies under loose material (regolith) within the crust (geology), crust of Earth or another terrestrial planet. Definition Bedrock is the solid rock that underlies looser surface material. An exposed portion of bedrock is often called an outcrop. The various kinds of broken and weathered rock material, such as soil and subsoil, that may overlie the bedrock are known as regolith. Engineering geology The surface of the bedrock beneath the soil cover (regolith) is also known as ''rockhead'' in engineering geology, and its identification by digging, drilling or geophysics, geophysical methods is an important task in most civil engineering projects. Superficial deposition (geology), deposits can be very thick, such that the bedrock lies hundreds of meters below the surface. Weathering of bedrock Exposed bedrock experiences weathering, which may be physical or chemical, and which alters the structure of the rock to leave ...
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