Ligao Tang
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Ligao Tang
Pear-syrup candy, also known as lígāotáng () or líqīnggāo (), is a traditional medicine and confection from eastern area of the Jiangnan region of China. It has a crystal clear colour and can be used to help relieve coughing, reduce sputum, and stimulate appetite. Its main components are pear juice, honey and various kinds of herbs. With the development of modern medical science, it is now rarely used to treat coughing; pear-syrup candy has become a souvenir and a snack, and is a part of Jiangnan culture. History Ancient The history of pear-syrup candy can be traced back to 634 (the Tang Zhenguan Eighth Year). According to legend, the mother of Wei Zheng (a renowned official of the Tang Dynasty) suffered from a cough, so the imperial court sent imperial physicians to treat her. However, Wei's mother felt that the medicines were too bitter to take, and so she failed to take them on time, and thus curing her took a long time. For this reason, Wei Zheng decided to make his own ...
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Traditional Chinese Medicine
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is an alternative medical practice drawn from traditional medicine in China. It has been described as "fraught with pseudoscience", with the majority of its treatments having no logical mechanism of action. Medicine in traditional China encompassed a range of sometimes competing health and healing practices, folk beliefs, literati theory and Confucian philosophy, herbal remedies, food, diet, exercise, medical specializations, and schools of thought. In the early twentieth century, Chinese cultural and political modernizers worked to eliminate traditional practices as backward and unscientific. Traditional practitioners then selected elements of philosophy and practice and organized them into what they called "Chinese medicine" (''Zhongyi''). In the 1950s, the Chinese government sponsored the integration of Chinese and Western medicine, and in the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution of the 1960s, promoted Chinese medicine as inexpensive a ...
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Ascorbic Acid
Vitamin C (also known as ascorbic acid and ascorbate) is a water-soluble vitamin found in citrus and other fruits and vegetables, also sold as a dietary supplement and as a topical 'serum' ingredient to treat melasma (dark pigment spots) and wrinkles on the face. It is used to prevent and treat scurvy. Vitamin C is an essential nutrient involved in the repair of tissue, the formation of collagen, and the enzymatic production of certain neurotransmitters. It is required for the functioning of several enzymes and is important for immune system function. It also functions as an antioxidant. Most animals are able to synthesize their own vitamin C. However, apes (including humans) and monkeys (but not all primates), most bats, some rodents, and certain other animals must acquire it from dietary sources. There is some evidence that regular use of supplements may reduce the duration of the common cold, but it does not appear to prevent infection. It is unclear whether supp ...
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Fritillaria Thunbergii
''Fritillaria thunbergii'' is a flowering plant species in the lily family Liliaceae. It is native to Kazakhstan and in Xinjiang Province of western China, though cultivated in other places and naturalized in Japan and in other parts of China. ''Fritillaria thunbergii'' produces bulb In botany, a bulb is structurally a short stem with fleshy leaves or leaf basesBell, A.D. 1997. ''Plant form: an illustrated guide to flowering plant morphology''. Oxford University Press, Oxford, U.K. that function as food storage organs duri ...s up to 30 mm in diameter. The stem is up to 80 cm tall. The flowers are pale yellow, sometimes with a purple tinge or purple markings.Miquel, Friedrich Anton Wilhelm 1867. Annales Musei Botanici Lugduno-Batavi 3: 157
in Latin
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Peucedanum
''Peucedanum'' is a genus of flowering plant in the carrot family, Apiaceae. Species It contains the following species: * '' Peucedanum abbreviatum'' E. Mey. * '' Peucedanum acaule'' R.H.Shan & M.L.Sheh * '' Peucedanum achaicum'' Halácsy * ''Peucedanum adae'' Woronow * ''Peucedanum aegopodioides'' (Boiss.) Vandas * ''Peucedanum akaliniae'' Akpulat, Gürdal & Tuncay * ''Peucedanum alpinum'' (Sieber ex Schult.) B.L.Burtt & P.H.Davis * ''Peucedanum alsaticum'' L. * ''Peucedanum ampliatum'' K.T. Fu * ''Peucedanum anamallayense'' C.B.Clarke * ''Peucedanum angelicoides'' H. Wolff ex Kretschmer * ''Peucedanum angolense'' (Welw. ex Ficalho) Cannon * '' Peucedanum angustisectum'' (Engl.) Norman * ''Peucedanum aragonense'' Rouy & E.G.Camus * ''Peucedanum arenarium'' Waldst. & Kit. * '' Peucedanum arenarium ssp. neumayeri'' (Vis.) Stoj. & Stef. * ''Peucedanum austriacum'' (Jacq.) W.D.J. Koch * ''Peucedanum autumnale'' (J.Thiébaut) Bernardi * ''Peucedanum baicalense'' (Redowski ex Willd.) ...
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Hogfennel
''Peucedanum officinale'' is a herbaceous perennial plant in the family Apiaceae found mainly in Central Europe and Southern Europe. It is also native to the UK, where it has the common names hog's fennel and sulphurweed, but it is a rare plant there, occurring only in certain localities in the counties of Essex and Kent. It was formerly also found near the town of Shoreham-by-Sea in the county of West Sussex, but has long been extinct there. Habitat: rough grassland, clayey banks and cliffs near the sea. It is a glabrous perennial with stems up to 2 m in height, solid, striate, sometimes weakly angled, sparsely blotched wine red, surrounded by fibrous remains of petioles at the base and springing from a stout rootstock. The umbels of greenish-yellow flowers contrast pleasingly with the bushy, radiating mass of dark green, long-petioled leaves, which bear linear, sessile lobes, attenuate at both ends and having narrow, cartilaginous margins (i.e., individual lob ...
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Tussilago
''Tussilago farfara'', commonly known as coltsfoot, is a plant in the tribe Senecioneae in the family Asteraceae, native to Europe and parts of western and central Asia. The name "tussilago" is derived from the Latin ''tussis'', meaning cough, and ''ago'', meaning to cast or to act on. It has had uses in traditional medicine, but the discovery of toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids in the plant has resulted in liver health concerns. ''Tussilago farfara'' is the only accepted species in the genus ''Tussilago'', although more than two dozen other species have at one time or another been considered part of this group. Most of them are now regarded as members of other genera ''(Chaptalia, Chevreulia, Farfugium, Homogyne, Leibnitzia, Petasites, Senecio).''Flann, C (ed) 2009+ Global Compositae ...
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Pinellia Ternata
''Pinellia ternata'' (, ja, カラスビシャク), crow-dipper, is a plant that is native to China, Japan, and Korea. However, it also grows as an invasive weed in parts of Europe (Austria, Germany) and in North America (California, Ontario, the northeastern United States). The leaves are trifoliate, and the flowers are of the spathe and spadix form that is typical of plants in the family Araceae. Characteristics The plant spreads by rhizomes, and there are also small bulblets (also known as bulbils) at the base of each leaf. Flowers are borne in spring. Traditional medicine This plant is toxic in raw form and must be processed. ''Pinellia ternata'' is known as the herb effective in removing dampness-phlegm, one of the causes of obesity in traditional Chinese medicine. One study found that high doses of ''Pinellia'' extract effects thermogenesis and fatty acid oxidation in Zucker rat A laboratory rat or lab rat is a brown rat of the subspecies '' Rattus norvegicus domes ...
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