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Lichens Of Montana
There are at least 41 species of Lichens, Ascomycota known to exist in Montana. The Montana Natural Heritage Program has identified a number of lichen species as ''Species of Concern''. The Ascomycota are a Division/Phylum of the kingdom Fungi, and subkingdom Dikarya. Its members are commonly known as the sac fungi. They are the largest phylum of Fungi, with over 64,000 species. The defining feature of this fungal group is the "ascus" (from Greek: ' (''askos''), meaning "sac" or "wineskin"), a microscopic sexual structure in which nonmotile spores, called ascospores, are formed. However, some species of the Ascomycota are asexual, meaning that they do not have a sexual cycle and thus do not form asci or ascospores. Previously placed in the Deuteromycota along with asexual species from other fungal taxa, asexual (or anamorphic) ascomycetes are now identified and classified based on morphological or physiological similarities to ascus-bearing taxa, and by phylogenetic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lichinella Nigritella - Flickr - Pellaea (1)
''Lichinella'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Lichinaceae. It was circumscribed in 1872 by Finnish lichenologist William Nylander. Five species are accepted by Species Fungorum (in the Catalogue of Life). Species * '' Lichinella algerica'' * '' Lichinella americana'' * '' Lichinella applanata'' * ''Lichinella cribellifera'' * ''Lichinella flexa'' * ''Lichinella granulosa'' * ''Lichinella heppii'' * ''Lichinella hondoana'' * ''Lichinella inflata'' * ''Lichinella intermedia'' * ''Lichinella jodopulchra'' * ''Lichinella lojkana'' * ''Lichinella mauritanica'' * ''Lichinella melamphylla'' * ''Lichinella minnesotensis'' * ''Lichinella myriospora'' * ''Lichinella polyspora'' * ''Lichinella robusta'' * ''Lichinella robustoides'' * ''Lichinella sinaica'' * ''Lichinella stipatula'' * ''Lichinella undulata ''Lichinella'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Lichinaceae. It was circumscribed in 1872 by Finnish lichenologist William N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Morphology (biology)
Morphology is a branch of biology dealing with the study of the form and structure of organisms and their specific structural features. This includes aspects of the outward appearance (shape, structure, colour, pattern, size), i.e. external morphology (or eidonomy), as well as the form and structure of the internal parts like bones and organs, i.e. internal morphology (or anatomy). This is in contrast to physiology, which deals primarily with function. Morphology is a branch of life science dealing with the study of gross structure of an organism or taxon and its component parts. History The etymology of the word "morphology" is from the Ancient Greek (), meaning "form", and (), meaning "word, study, research". While the concept of form in biology, opposed to function, dates back to Aristotle (see Aristotle's biology), the field of morphology was developed by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1790) and independently by the German anatomist and physiologist Karl Friedrich Burdach ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coniocybaceae
The Coniocybaceae are the sole family of lichen-forming fungi in the Coniocybales, which itself is the only order in the class Coniocybomycetes. The family was circumscribed by Heinrich Gottlieb Ludwig Reichenbach in 1837. Both the order and the class were proposed by Maria Prieto and Mats Wedin in 2013 after molecular phylogenetics analysis of various calicioid lichens showed that the Coniocybaceae represented an early diverging lineage in the inoperculate ascomycete Ascomycota is a phylum of the kingdom Fungi that, together with the Basidiomycota, forms the subkingdom Dikarya. Its members are commonly known as the sac fungi or ascomycetes. It is the largest phylum of Fungi, with over 64,000 species. The defi ...s. Genera *'' Chaenotheca'' – 28 spp. *'' Coniocybe'' – 4 spp. *'' Sclerophora'' – 4 spp. References Ascomycota Ascomycota families Lichen families Taxa named by Ludwig Reichenbach Taxa described in 1837 {{Ascomycota-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Collema Curtisporum
''Collema'' (jelly lichen) is a genus of lichens in the family Collemataceae. The photobiont is the cyanobacterium genus '' Nostoc''.Dobson, F.S. (2000) Lichens, an illustrated guide to the British and Irish species. 4th edition. Richmond publishing Co., Slough, England. Species *''Collema actinoptychum'' *''Collema coniophilum'' – Canada *'' Collema flaccidum'' *''Collema furfuraceum'' *'' Collema glaucophthalmum'' *'' Collema glebulentum'' *'' Collema implicatum'' *'' Collema insulare'' *'' Collema japonicum'' *'' Collema laeve'' *'' Collema leptaleum'' *'' Collema leucocarpum'' *'' Collema marginale'' *'' Collema nigrescens'' *''Collema pulcellum'' *''Collema pustulatum'' *'' Collema rugosum'' *'' Collema ryssoleum'' *'' Collema sichuanense'' – China *''Collema subconveniens'' *'' Collema subflaccidum'' *''Collema subnigrescens'' *''Collema substipitatum ''Collema'' (jelly lichen) is a genus of lichens in the family Collemataceae. The photob ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Collemataceae
The Collemataceae are a lichenized family of fungi in the order Peltigerales. The family contains ten genera and about 325 species. The family has a widespread distribution. Taxonomy The family was circumscribed by Jonathan Carl Zenker in 1827; ''Collema'' is the type genus. Description Collemataceae members have a thallus that is either foliose, crustose, squamulose or minutely shrubby. The thallus is gelatinous, sometimes swelling when wet, with a colour ranging from dark olive-green to brown-black, reddish brown or rarely grey-blue. The upper and lower cortex is either absent or composed of angular brick-like cells, more rarely of flattened compressed cells. The medulla contains loosely interwoven narrow hyphae or is compact with broad-short-celled hyphae; these hyphae are intermixed with the photobiont. The texture of the upper cortex surface ranges from smooth to wrinkled or ridged, and is often glossy, but rarely arachnoid. The underside of the cortex is smooth, arachnoid o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cladonia Botrytes
''Cladonia botrytes'' or the wooden soldiers cup lichen is a species of cup lichen A cup is an open-top used to hold hot or cold liquids for pouring or drinking; while mainly used for drinking, it also can be used to store solids for pouring (e.g., sugar, flour, grains, salt). Cups may be made of glass, metal, china, clay, ... in the family Cladoniaceae. Its habitat includes secondary xylem. References botrytes {{lichen-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cladonia Uncialis
''Cladonia uncialis'' is a species of fruticose, cup lichen in the family Cladoniaceae. It was first described as a new species by Swedish taxonomist Carl Linnaeus in 1753. It was transferred to the genus ''Cladonia'' by Friedrich Heinrich Wiggers in 1780. In North America, the lichen is colloquially known as the thorn Cladonia or the thorn cup lichen. ''Cladonia uncialis'' is host to the lichenicolous fungus species ''Lichenopeltella uncialicola ''Lichenopeltella uncialicola'' is a species of fungus belonging to the class Dothideomycetes. The species was discovered in Iceland in 2010 where it was found growing on '' Cladonia uncialis''. Since then, it has been found on a different host s ...'', which is named after ''C. uncialis''. References uncialis Lichen species Lichens of North America Lichens described in 1753 Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus {{Lecanorales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cladoniaceae
The Cladoniaceae are a family of lichenized fungi in the order Lecanorales. It is one of the largest families of lichen-forming fungi, with about 560 species distributed amongst 17 genera. The reindeer moss and cup lichens (''Cladonia'') belong to this family. The latter genus, which comprises about 500 species, forms a major part of the diet of large mammals in taiga and tundra ecosystems. Many Cladoniaceae lichens grow on soil, but other can use decaying wood, tree trunks, and, in a few instances, rocks as their substrate. They grow in places with high humidity, and cannot tolerate aridity. Many Cladoniaceae species are characterized by a thallus that has two distinct forms: a scaly or crust-like primary thallus that, depending on the species, can be permanent or temporary, and a secondary fruticose thallus called a podetium or pseudopodetium. Cladoniaceae members form symbiotic associations with green algae from the class Trebouxiophyceae, usually the genus '' Asterochloris' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brigantiaea Praetermissa
''Brigantiaea'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Brigantiaeaceae. It was circumscribed by Italian botanist Vittore Benedetto Antonio Trevisan de Saint-Léon in 1853. The genus name ''Brigantiaea'' honours Francesco Briganti (1802–1865), an Italian botanist and professor at the University of Naples. Species *'' Brigantiaea fuscolutea'' *''Brigantiaea leprosa'' *''Brigantiaea leucoxantha'' *'' Brigantiaea lobulata'' *''Brigantiaea lobulatisidiata'' *''Brigantiaea lordhowensis'' *''Brigantiaea mariae'' *''Brigantiaea microcarpa'' *''Brigantiaea phaeomma'' *''Brigantiaea sorediata'' *''Brigantiaea subobscurata ''Brigantiaea'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Brigantiaeaceae. It was circumscribed by Italian botanist Vittore Benedetto Antonio Trevisan de Saint-Léon in 1853. The genus name ''Brigantiaea'' honours Francesco Briganti ( ...'' *'' Brigantiaea tricolor'' References Teloschistales Teloschistales genera Liche ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brigantiaeaceae
The Brigantiaeaceae are a family of fungi in the order Teloschistales. Species in this family are lichenized with green algae The green algae (singular: green alga) are a group consisting of the Prasinodermophyta and its unnamed sister which contains the Chlorophyta and Charophyta/Streptophyta. The land plants (Embryophytes) have emerged deep in the Charophyte alga as ..., and are usually found growing on bark. References Teloschistales Taxa described in 1982 Taxa named by Josef Hafellner Lecanoromycetes families Lichen families {{Teloschistales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arctomia Delicatula
''Arctomia'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Arctomiaceae. The genus was originally circumscribed by Theodor Magnus Fries in 1861. ''Arctomia'' has a circumpolar distribution. Species *'' Arctomia delicatula'' *''Arctomia papuanorum'' *'' Arctomia teretiuscula'' – China *''Arctomia uviformis'' Molecular phylogenetic evidence revealed inappropriate classifications for two species once placed in this genus, ''A. insignis'' and ''A. borbonica'' ; they were formally transferred to the genus ''Gabura ''Gabura'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Arctomiaceae. Although it was originally circumscribed in 1763 by French botanist Michel Adanson, the name was nomen rejiciendum–it was "suppressed" against the conserved name '' ...'' in 2020. ''Arctomia fascicularis'' was confirmed to belong to ''Gabura'', a generic placement originally proposed by Per Magnus Jørgensen in 2014. References Baeomycetales Baeomycetales gen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arctomiaceae
The Arctomiaceae are a family of lichenized fungi in the Ascomycota, class Baeomycetales. The family was named by Theodor Magnus Fries in 1861, with '' Arctomia'' as the type genus. Species in this family are found in arctic and subarctic habitats, usually associated with bryophytes. Classification The order Arctomiales was proposed by Soili Stenroos, Jolanta Miadlikowska, and François Lutzoni in 2014 to contain this family. In 2018, the class Lecanoromycetes was revised using a temporal approach that uses time-calibrated chronograms to define temporal bands for comparable ranks for orders and families. In this work, the orders Arctomiales, Hymeneliales, and Trapeliales were synonymized with Baeomycetales. In a subsequent review of the use of this method for biological classification of lichens, Robert Lücking Robert Lücking (born 1964) is a German lichenologist. He is a leading expert on foliicolous lichens–lichens that live on leaves. Life and career Born in Ulm in 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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