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Libro De Las Estampas
The ''Libro de las Estampas'' ("Book of the Pictures") or ''Testamentos de los Reyes de León'' ("Donations of the Kings of León") is a late twelfth-century cartulary codex of León Cathedral. It contains copies of donations from seven kings— Ordoño II, Ordoño III, Ramiro III, Vermudo II, Alfonso V, Fernando I and Alfonso VI—and one countess, Sancha Muñiz. Each copy is preceded by an illustration of the donor. All but Ordoño II are shown bearing the original charter (a scroll with a large seal). These lavish depictions in the Romanesque style served an authenticating function.A facsimile edition was published by Agapito Fernández Alonso, ''El Libro de las Estampas'' (León, 1981).Margarita Torres Sevilla Quiñones de León and Fernando Galván Freile"La condesa Doña Sancha: Una nueva aproximación a su figura" ''Medievalismo: Boletín de la Sociedad Española de Estudios Medievales'', 5 (1995), pp. 9–30.Ana M. Gómez-Bravo, ''Textual Agency: Writing Culture and Soci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cartulary
A cartulary or chartulary (; Latin: ''cartularium'' or ''chartularium''), also called ''pancarta'' or ''codex diplomaticus'', is a medieval manuscript volume or roll (''rotulus'') containing transcriptions of original documents relating to the foundation, privileges, and legal rights of ecclesiastical establishments, municipal corporations, industrial associations, institutions of learning, or families. The term is sometimes also applied to collections of original documents bound in one volume or attached to one another so as to form a roll, as well as to custodians of such collections. Definitions Michael Clanchy defines a cartulary as "a collection of title deeds copied into a register for greater security". A cartulary may take the form of a book or a ''codex''. Documents, chronicles or other kinds of handwritten texts were compiled, transcribed or copied into the cartulary. In the introduction to the book ''Les Cartulaires'', it is argued that in the contemporary diplomatic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Codex
The codex (plural codices ) was the historical ancestor of the modern book. Instead of being composed of sheets of paper, it used sheets of vellum, papyrus, or other materials. The term ''codex'' is often used for ancient manuscript books, with handwritten contents. A codex, much like the modern book, is bound by stacking the pages and securing one set of edges by a variety of methods over the centuries, yet in a form analogous to modern bookbinding. Modern books are divided into paperback or softback and those bound with stiff boards, called hardbacks. Elaborate historical bindings are called treasure bindings. At least in the Western world, the main alternative to the paged codex format for a long document was the continuous scroll, which was the dominant form of document in the Ancient history, ancient world. Some codices are continuously folded like a concertina, in particular the Maya codices and Aztec codices, which are actually long sheets of paper or animal skin folded ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
León Cathedral
Santa María de Regla de León Cathedral is a Catholic church, the episcopal see of the diocese of León in north-western Spain, consecrated under the name of the Virgin Mary. It was the first monument declared by the Royal Order of Spain on August 28, 1844 (confirmed by the Royal Order on September 24, 1845). Initiated in the 13th century, it is one of the greatest works of the Gothic style, with French influences. Also known as the ''Pulchra Leonina'', which means ‘Beautiful Leonese’, it is located on the Way of Saint James, or '' Camino de Santiago''. The León Cathedral is mostly known for taking the “dematerialization” of gothic art to the extreme, that is, the reduction of the walls to their minimum expression to be replaced by stained glass, constituting one of the largest collections of medieval stained glass in the world. Current structure León Cathedral, dedicated to Santa María de la Regla, was declared of Cultural Interest in 1844. It is known as the ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ordoño II Of León
Ordoño II (c. 873 – June 924, León) was a king of Galicia from 910, and king of Galicia and León from 914 until his death. He was an energetic ruler who submitted the kingdom of Leon to his control and fought successfully against the Muslims, who still dominated most of the Iberian Peninsula. His reign marked the tactical and smooth transition of the ''regnum Asturum'' to the ''regnum Legionis'', with the royal headquarters already established in the city of León. Family Born around 873, he was the second son of King Alfonso III the Great, king of Asturias, and his wife, Queen Jimena. Upon Alfonso's death in 910, the kingdom was divided among his three sons: León went to García, Galicia to Ordoño, and Asturias to Fruela. Asturian primacy was nevertheless recognised, though Ordoño was of a harder temperament than his brothers. Upon García's death in Zamora in 914, Ordoño succeeded him to the throne of the León. Life Youth His father sent him to Zaragoz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ordoño III Of León
Ordoño III (–956) was the King of León from 951 to 956, son and successor of Ramiro II (931–951). He confronted Navarre and Castile, who supported his half-brother Sancho the Fat in disputing Ordoño's claim to the throne. He also had to deal with internal rebellion, attacks from the Muslims of al-Andalus, and the rebellion of Galicia. In response to the Muslims, Ordoño III led a raid as far as Lisbon (955), coming back north with a very lucrative haul of loot. Faced with this great show of force, Abd-al-Rahman III (912–961) was pushed to negotiate and conclude a peace treaty with the king of León. He tried to continue the actions of his father in fortifying the land and the royal authority in the face of the contumacious and secessional Fernán González of Castile. He even married Fernán's daughter Urraca Urraca (also spelled ''Hurraca'', ''Urracha'' and ''Hurracka'' in medieval Latin) is a female first name. In Spanish, the name means magpie, der ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ramiro III Of León
Ramiro III (c. 961 – 26 June 985), king of León (966–984), was the son of Sancho the Fat and his successor at the age of only five.Reinhart Dozy, ''Histoire des Musulmans d'espagne'' (1932). Family During his minority, the regency was in the hands of two nuns: his aunt Elvira Ramírez, who took the title of queen during the minority, and then his mother Teresa Ansúrez, who had been put in a convent on her husband's death. As a consequence of this, his reign is known for its support of the clergy. Reign Among the acts of his regents during his minority was their ratification of a peace treaty with Caliph al-Hakam II; he also confronted Vikings who had invaded Galicia. With the conclusion of the peace treaty, the vizier Almanzor invaded his realm. Upon reaching his majority and after his wedding to Sancha (d. after 983), perhaps daughter of Gómez Díaz, Count of Saldaña, Ramiro tried to institute an absolutist monarchy which resulted in the alienation of the already separa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vermudo II Of León (d. 1168), Galician magnate
{{disambig, hndis, given name ...
Bermudo or Vermudo, from Latin Veremundus, is a given name of Germanic origin. It may refer to: *Veremund (fl. c. 500), Suevic king of Galicia *Bermudo I of Asturias (r. 788–91), king, called "the Deacon" (''el Diácono'') *Bermudo II of León (r. 984–99), king, called "the Gouty" (''el Gotoso'') * Bermudo III of León (r. 1029–37), king * Bermudo Núñez (d. c. 955), first count of Cea *Bermudo (bishop of Oviedo) (d. 992/3) *Bermudo Ovéquiz (fl. 1044–92), Asturian magnate *Bermudo Pérez de Traba Bermudo Pérez de Traba (died 1168), the eldest son of Count Pedro Fróilaz de Traba and his first wife Urraca Fróilaz, was a member of the most important Middle Ages, medieval lineage in Galicia, Spain, Galicia. He governed as a ''Tenant-in-chie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfonso V Of León
Alfonso V (c. 9947 August 1028), called the Noble, was King of León from 999 to 1028. Like other kings of León, he used the title emperor () to assert his standing among the Christian rulers of Spain. He succeeded his father, Bermudo II, in 999. His mother Elvira García and count Menendo González, who raised him in Galicia, acted as his co-regents. Upon the count's death in 1008, Alfonso ruled on his own. Reign Alfonso began the work of reorganizing the Christian kingdom of the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula after a most disastrous period of civil war and Arab inroads. Enough is known of him to justify the belief that he had some of the qualities of a soldier and a statesman. His name and that of his wife are associated with the grant of the first franchises of León (1017). On Wednesday, 7 August 1028, Alfonso V was killed by an arrow while besieging the Muslim-occupied town of Viseu. King Alfonso was buried next to his first wife Elvira, according to his wishes, at ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fernando I Of León
Fernando is a Spanish and Portuguese given name and a surname common in Spain, Portugal, Italy, France, Switzerland, former Spanish or Portuguese colonies in Latin America, Africa, the Philippines, India, and Sri Lanka. It is equivalent to the Germanic given name Ferdinand, with an original meaning of "adventurous, bold journey". First name * Fernando el Católico, king of Aragon A * Fernando Acevedo, Peruvian track and field athlete * Fernando Aceves Humana, Mexican painter * Fernando Alegría, Chilean poet and writer * Fernando Alonso, Spanish Formula One driver * Fernando Amorebieta, Venezuelan footballer * Fernando Amorsolo, Filipino painter * Fernando Antogna, Argentine track and road cyclist * Fernando de Araújo (other), multiple people B * Fernando Balzaretti (1946–1998), Mexican actor * Fernando Baudrit Solera, Costa Rican president of the supreme court * Fernando Botero, Colombian artist * Fernando Bujones, ballet dancer C * Fernando Cabrera (baseball ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfonso VI Of León
Alphons (Latinized ''Alphonsus'', ''Adelphonsus'', or ''Adefonsus'') is a male given name recorded from the 8th century (Alfonso I of Asturias, r. 739–757) in the Christian successor states of the Visigothic kingdom in the Iberian peninsula. In the later medieval period it became a standard name in the Hispanic and Portuguese royal families. It is derived from a Gothic name, or a conflation of several Gothic names; from ''*Aþalfuns'', composed of the elements ''aþal'' "noble" and ''funs'' "eager, brave, ready", and perhaps influenced by names such as ''*Alafuns'', ''*Adefuns'' and ''* Hildefuns''. It is recorded as ''Adefonsus'' in the 9th and 10th century, and as ''Adelfonsus'', ''Adelphonsus'' in the 10th to 11th. The reduced form ''Alfonso'' is recorded in the late 9th century, and the Portuguese form ''Afonso'' from the early 11th. and ''Anfós'' in Catalan from the 12th Century until the 15th. Variants of the name include: ''Alonso'' (Spanish), ''Alfonso'' (Spanish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sancha Muñiz
is a district of Setagaya, Tokyo Tokyo (; ja, 東京, , ), officially the Tokyo Metropolis ( ja, 東京都, label=none, ), is the capital and List of cities in Japan, largest city of Japan. Formerly known as Edo, its metropolitan area () is the most populous in the world, ..., Japan. It is also known as Sancha (三茶) for short. It is home to many bars, cafes and restaurants. Some major streets include National Route 246, Setagaya-dori and Chazawara-dori. Education Setagaya Board of Education operates public elementary and junior high schools. Sangenjaya 1- chome is zoned to Nakazato Elementary School ( 中里小学校) and Mishuku Junior High School ( 三宿中学校). Sangenjaya 2-chome is zoned to Sangenjaya Elementary School (三軒茶屋小学校) and Komazawa Junior High School (駒沢中学校). References {{Authority control Districts of Setagaya ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romanesque Art
Romanesque art is the art of Europe from approximately 1000 AD to the rise of the Gothic Art, Gothic style in the 12th century, or later depending on region. The preceding period is known as the Pre-Romanesque period. The term was invented by 19th-century art historians, especially for Romanesque architecture, which retained many basic features of Roman architecture, Roman architectural style – most notably round-headed arches, but also barrel vaults, apses, and Acanthus (ornament), acanthus-leaf decoration – but had also developed many very different characteristics. In Southern France, Spain, and Italy there was an architectural continuity with the Late Antique, but the Romanesque style was the first style to spread across the whole of Catholic Europe, from Sicily to Scandinavia. Romanesque art was also greatly influenced by Byzantine art, especially in painting, and by the anti-classical energy of the decoration of the Insular art of the British Isles. From these element ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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