Libercourt
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Libercourt
Libercourt () is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of France. Geography An ex-coalmining town, now farming town with some light industry, surrounded by woods and lakes, situated some northeast of Lens, at the junction of the D954 and the D46 roads, with junction 18 of the A1 autoroute in the north of the commune. History Libercourt was once an integral part of the neighbouring town of Carvin. It became an independent commune in 1947. The discovery of coal led to the creation of large towns in the region. The tiny hamlet of Libercourt became a mining town forming part of the conurbation on the territory centred on Lens. Libercourt became home to many Polish immigrants looking for and finding work in the mining industry during the early part of the 20th century. During two world wars, Libercourt and its people suffered severely at the hands of the invading Germans who knew all too well the importance to the regional economy of this mining a ...
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Communes Of Pas-de-Calais
The following is a list of the 890 communes of the Pas-de-Calais department of France. The communes cooperate in the following intercommunalities (as of 2020):BANATIC
Périmètre des EPCI à fiscalité propre. Accessed 3 July 2020.
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Communauté D'agglomération D'Hénin-Carvin
The Communauté d'agglomération of Hénin-Carvin is the ''communauté d'agglomération'', an intercommunal structure, centred on the cities of Hénin-Beaumont and Carvin. It is located in the Pas-de-Calais department, in the Hauts-de-France region, northern France. It was created on 1 January 2001. Its seat is Hénin-Beaumont.CA d'Hénin-Carvin (N° SIREN : 246200299)
BANATIC, accessed 6 April 2022.
Its area is 112.1 km2. Its population was 126,509 in 2018, of which 25,917 in Hénin-Beaumont.Comparateur de territoire
INSEE, accessed 6 April 2022.
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Communes Of The Pas-de-Calais Department
The following is a list of the 890 communes of the Pas-de-Calais department of France. The communes cooperate in the following intercommunalities (as of 2020):BANATIC
Périmètre des EPCI à fiscalité propre. Accessed 3 July 2020.
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Jarocin
Jarocin () (german: Jarotschin) is a town in west-central Poland with 25,700 inhabitants (1995), the administrative capital of Jarocin County in Greater Poland Voivodeship. Jarocin is a historical town, having been founded and granted city rights in the 13th century. The marketplace features a Ratusz town hall built between 1799 and 1804, which is now home to the Jarocin Regional Museum. The town also became famous in the 1980s thanks to the Jarocin Festival, one of the first rock-punk music festivals of the former Warsaw Pact and in Europe. The first event was organised in 1980. History The lordship of Jarocin was first mentioned in a 1257 deed issued by Duke Bolesław the Pious of Greater Poland. The town was conveniently located at the intersection of the trade routes from Wrocław to Toruń and from Poznań to Kalisz. It was a private town of Polish nobility, administratively located in the Pyzdry County in the Kalisz Voivodeship in the Greater Poland Province of the Kin ...
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Guillaume Bieganski
Guillaume Bieganski (3 November 1932 – 8 October 2016) was a French association football defender of Polish origin. References External links * * Guillaume Bieganskiat RC Lens Racing Club de Lens (, commonly referred to as RC Lens or simply Lens) is a French professional football club based in the northern city of Lens in the Pas-de-Calais department. Its nickname, ''les sang et or'' (''the blood and gold''), come ... * * * * * 1932 births 2016 deaths French footballers French people of Polish descent France international footballers Association football defenders Ligue 1 players Lille OSC players RC Lens players 1954 FIFA World Cup players Marignane Gignac Côte Bleue FC players Sportspeople from Pas-de-Calais Footballers from Hauts-de-France {{france-footy-defender-1930s-stub ...
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Léon Glovacki
Léon Glovacki (19 February 1928 – 9 September 2009) was a French football (soccer), football Striker (football), striker. Personal life Glovacki was born in France, and was of Polish descent. He was an international for the France national football team. References Profile
1928 births 2009 deaths French footballers France international footballers French people of Polish descent Association football forwards Ligue 1 players ES Troyes AC players Stade de Reims players AS Monaco FC players AS Saint-Étienne players 1954 FIFA World Cup players French football managers FC Annecy managers AC Avigonnnais managers Sportspeople from Pas-de-Calais Footballers from Hauts-de-France {{france-footy-forward-1920s-stub ...
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Carvin
Carvin () is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of France. Geography An ex-coalmining commune, now a light industrial and farming town, situated some northeast of Lens, completely encircled by the N17 and D919 ring road. History Major excavations have recently revealed occupation going back to Neolithic times. This settlement is linked to the existence of the vast wet depression around the now-disappeared castle of Epinoy. In the early 12th century, the hamlet of Épinoy, now the east part of the commune, was the home of the hermit Saint Druon of Sebourg. The history of this market town, located on the road between Arras, Lille and Tournai, was then marked by coal mining, starting in the mid-nineteenth century and ending in 1975. One of the smaller mining companies had its headquarters in Carvin. At nationalization, the pits and mining facilities were consolidated within the Oignies group. During World War I, from October 1914 to October 1 ...
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Lens, Pas-de-Calais
Lens (; pcd, Linse) is a city in the Pas-de-Calais department in northern France. It is one of the main towns of Hauts-de-France along with Lille, Valenciennes, Amiens, Roubaix, Tourcoing, Arras and Douai. The inhabitants are called ''Lensois'' (). Metropolitan area Lens belongs to the intercommunality of Lens-Liévin, which consists of 36 communes, with a total population of 242,000. Lens, along with Douai and 65 other communes, forms the agglomeration (''unité urbaine'') of Douai-Lens, whose population as of 2018 was 504,281.Comparateur de territoire
INSEE, retrieved 20 June 2022.


History

Lens was initially a fortification from the Norman invasions. In 1180, it was owned by the

A1 Autoroute
The A1 Autoroute, also known as l'autoroute du Nord (the Northern Motorway), is the busiest of France's autoroutes. With a length of , it connects Paris with the northern city of Lille. It is managed by the Société des Autoroutes du Nord et de l'Est de la France (SANEF). The autoroute serves the northern suburbs of Paris, including the Stade de France, Le Bourget, Paris' Roissy Charles de Gaulle Airport, and Parc Astérix. From there it crosses Picardy, without directly passing through any of the major cities of the ''région''. Throughout Picardy, the A1 runs parallel to the LGV Nord. Around from Paris, between the towns of Amiens and Saint-Quentin and near the ''Aire de service d'Assevillers'' (the largest motorway plaza in Europe), the A1 crosses over the A29. A few dozen kilometers further north it forms the southern terminus of the A2, which branches off towards Brussels. The A1 is also crossed by the A26 and the A21, and it makes up part of European routes E15, E1 ...
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Coalmining
Coal mining is the process of extracting coal from the ground. Coal is valued for its energy content and since the 1880s has been widely used to generate electricity. Steel and cement industries use coal as a fuel for extraction of iron from iron ore and for cement production. In the United Kingdom and South Africa, a coal mine and its structures are a colliery, a coal mine is called a 'pit', and the above-ground structures are a 'pit head'. In Australia, "colliery" generally refers to an underground coal mine. Coal mining has had many developments in recent years, from the early days of men tunneling, digging and manually extracting the coal on carts to large open-cut and longwall mines. Mining at this scale requires the use of draglines, trucks, conveyors, hydraulic jacks and shearers. The coal mining industry has a long history of significant negative environmental impacts on local ecosystems, health impacts on local communities and workers, and contributes heavily to the ...
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Coal
Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock, formed as rock strata called coal seams. Coal is mostly carbon with variable amounts of other elements, chiefly hydrogen, sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen. Coal is formed when dead plant matter decays into peat and is converted into coal by the heat and pressure of deep burial over millions of years. Vast deposits of coal originate in former wetlands called coal forests that covered much of the Earth's tropical land areas during the late Carboniferous ( Pennsylvanian) and Permian times. Many significant coal deposits are younger than this and originate from the Mesozoic and Cenozoic eras. Coal is used primarily as a fuel. While coal has been known and used for thousands of years, its usage was limited until the Industrial Revolution. With the invention of the steam engine, coal consumption increased. In 2020, coal supplied about a quarter of the world's primary energy and over a third of its electricity. Some iron ...
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France
France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its Metropolitan France, metropolitan area extends from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean and from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea; overseas territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the North Atlantic, the French West Indies, and many islands in Oceania and the Indian Ocean. Due to its several coastal territories, France has the largest exclusive economic zone in the world. France borders Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany, Switzerland, Monaco, Italy, Andorra, and Spain in continental Europe, as well as the Kingdom of the Netherlands, Netherlands, Suriname, and Brazil in the Americas via its overseas territories in French Guiana and Saint Martin (island), ...
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