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Laviniinae
Laviniinae is a clade of the subfamily Leuciscinae, treated as a subfamily of the freshwater fish family Leuciscidae by some authorities, which contains the true minnows. Members of this clade are known as western chubs or the western clade (WC) of minnows. As the name suggests, most members of this clade are found in western North America aside from ''Chrosomus'', which is found in eastern North America. One of the largest North American cypriniforms and the largest member of Leuciscidae, the Colorado pikeminnow (''Ptychocheilus lucius''), belongs to this subfamily. Genera * ''Acrocheilus'' (chiselmouth) * ''Chrosomus'' (typical daces) * ''Eremichthys'' (desert dace) * †''Evarra'' (Mexican daces) * '' Gila'' (western chubs) * ''Hesperoleucus'' (California roach) * '' Lavinia'' (hitch) * '' Moapa'' (moapa dace) * ''Mylopharodon'' (hardheads) * ''Orthodon'' (Sacramento blackfish) * ''Ptychocheilus'' (pikeminnows) * '' Relictus'' (relict dace) * ''Siphateles ''Siphateles'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Laviniinae
Laviniinae is a clade of the subfamily Leuciscinae, treated as a subfamily of the freshwater fish family Leuciscidae by some authorities, which contains the true minnows. Members of this clade are known as western chubs or the western clade (WC) of minnows. As the name suggests, most members of this clade are found in western North America aside from ''Chrosomus'', which is found in eastern North America. One of the largest North American cypriniforms and the largest member of Leuciscidae, the Colorado pikeminnow (''Ptychocheilus lucius''), belongs to this subfamily. Genera * ''Acrocheilus'' (chiselmouth) * ''Chrosomus'' (typical daces) * ''Eremichthys'' (desert dace) * †''Evarra'' (Mexican daces) * '' Gila'' (western chubs) * ''Hesperoleucus'' (California roach) * '' Lavinia'' (hitch) * '' Moapa'' (moapa dace) * ''Mylopharodon'' (hardheads) * ''Orthodon'' (Sacramento blackfish) * ''Ptychocheilus'' (pikeminnows) * '' Relictus'' (relict dace) * ''Siphateles ''Siphateles'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lavinia (fish)
The hitch (''Lavinia exilicauda'') is a cyprinid fish endemic to central California, and was once very common. The common name may derive from a Pomoan word for this species. It is the only species in the monospecific genus ''Lavinia''. Taxonomy The hitch was first formally described in 1854 by Spencer Fullerton Baird and Charles Frédéric Girard with its type locality given as the Sacramento River in California. While the hitch is closely related to the California roach (''Hesperoleucus symmetricus''), and the two species can hybridize, leading some authorities to place ''H. symmetricus'' in ''Lavinia'', genomic data appear to support the fishes' separate lineages. The ''Lavinia'' genus has been placed in the subfamily Leuciscinae of the family Cyprinidae in the 5th edition of '' Fishes of the World''. Other authorities classify the Leuciscidae as a family and place the genus ''Lavinia'' in the subfamily Laviniinae of that family. Three distinct population segments (DPS) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leuciscinae
Leuciscinae is a subfamily of the freshwater fish family Cyprinidae, which contains the true minnows. Members of the Old World (OW) clade of minnows within this subfamily are known as European minnows. As the name suggests, most members of the OW clade are found in Eurasia, aside from the golden shiner (''Notemigonus crysoleucas''), which is found in eastern North America. According to ancestral area reconstruction, the subfamily Leuiciscinae is thought to have originated in Europe before becoming widely distributed in parts of Europe, Asia and North America. Evidence for the dispersal of this subfamily can be marked by biogeographical scenarios/observations, geomorphological changes, phylogenetic relationships as well as evidence for vicariance events taking place through time. Through analyses and evidence of divergence time, it was observed that the two monophyletic groups, the phoxinins and the leuciscins, had shared a common ancestor dating to approximately 70.7 million year ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leuciscidae
Leuciscinae is a subfamily of the freshwater fish family Cyprinidae, which contains the true minnows. Members of the Old World (OW) clade of minnows within this subfamily are known as European minnows. As the name suggests, most members of the OW clade are found in Eurasia, aside from the golden shiner (''Notemigonus crysoleucas''), which is found in eastern North America. According to ancestral area reconstruction, the subfamily Leuiciscinae is thought to have originated in Europe before becoming widely distributed in parts of Europe, Asia and North America. Evidence for the dispersal of this subfamily can be marked by biogeographical scenarios/observations, geomorphological changes, phylogenetic relationships as well as evidence for vicariance events taking place through time. Through analyses and evidence of divergence time, it was observed that the two monophyletic groups, the phoxinins and the leuciscins, had shared a common ancestor dating to approximately 70.7 million year ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chrosomus
''Chrosomus'' is a genus of small cyprinid fish found in freshwater habitats in the eastern half of the United States and Canada. There are currently seven recognized species in this genus. They have sometimes been included in ''Phoxinus''. They are the only members of the predominantly western subfamily Laviniinae that are found in eastern North America. Species * ''Chrosomus cumberlandensis'' ( W. C. Starnes & L. B. Starnes, 1978) (Blackside dace) * ''Chrosomus eos'' Cope, 1861 (Northern redbelly dace) * ''Chrosomus erythrogaster'' Rafinesque, 1820 (Southern redbelly dace) * ''Chrosomus neogaeus'' (Cope, 1867) (Finescale dace) * ''Chrosomus oreas'' Cope, 1868 (Mountain redbelly dace) * ''Chrosomus saylori'' ( Skelton, 2001) (Laurel dace) * ''Chrosomus tennesseensis The Tennessee dace (''Chrosomus tennesseensis'') is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is found only in the United States; particularly in northeast Tennessee and southwest Virginia, and p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mylopharodon Conocephalus
''Mylopharadon conocephalus'', known as the hardhead, is a freshwater ray-finned fish from the family Cyprinidae, the carps and minnows, which is endemic to California. It is the sole member of the monotypic genus ''Mylopharadon''. Description The hardhead has an elongated, slender body which is brown to dusky bronze above, the larger fishbeing darkest, with silver sides. The dorsal fin has its origin behind that of the pelvic fin, It has 69-81 scales on its lateral line; the dorsal fin has 8 rays. The jaws are not extendable and there is a premaxillary frenum. The snout is long and pointed, ending with the large, terminal mouth which reaches back to the front of the eye. It has 2.5-4.2 pharyngeal teeth. It grows to around standard length. The juvenile fish are silvery. The adult males grow small white nuptial tubercles on the head and on a band extending from the head to the caudal peduncle in the Spring spawning season. Distribution The range of the hardhead includes much of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fish Subfamilies
Fish are aquatic, craniate, gill-bearing animals that lack limbs with digits. Included in this definition are the living hagfish, lampreys, and cartilaginous and bony fish as well as various extinct related groups. Approximately 95% of living fish species are ray-finned fish, belonging to the class Actinopterygii, with around 99% of those being teleosts. The earliest organisms that can be classified as fish were soft-bodied chordates that first appeared during the Cambrian period. Although they lacked a true spine, they possessed notochords which allowed them to be more agile than their invertebrate counterparts. Fish would continue to evolve through the Paleozoic era, diversifying into a wide variety of forms. Many fish of the Paleozoic developed external armor that protected them from predators. The first fish with jaws appeared in the Silurian period, after which many (such as sharks) became formidable marine predators rather than just the prey of arthropods. Mos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siphateles
''Siphateles'' is a genus of fish belonging to the family Cyprinidae, native to the Western United States. They were formerly placed in the genus ''Gila (fish), Gila''. Species The species include: *''Siphateles alvordensis'' Carl Leavitt Hubbs, C. L. Hubbs & Robert Rush Miller, R. R. Miller, 1972 (Alvord chub) * ''Siphateles bicolor'' (Charles Frédéric Girard, Girard, 1856) (Tui chub) ** ''Siphateles bicolor bicolor'' (Charles Frédéric Girard, Girard, 1856) (Tui chub) ** ''Siphateles bicolor isolata'' Carl Leavitt Hubbs, C. L. Hubbs & Robert Rush Miller, R. R. Miller, 1972 (Independence Valley tui chub) ** ''Siphateles bicolor mohavensis'' (John Otterbein Snyder, Snyder, 1918) (Mohave tui chub) ** ''Siphateles bicolor obesa'' (Charles Frédéric Girard, Girard, 1856) ** ''Siphateles bicolor pectinifer'' (John Otterbein Snyder, Snyder, 1917) ** ''Siphateles bicolor snyderi'' Robert Rush Miller, R. R. Miller, 1973 (Owens tui chub) ** ''Siphateles bicolor vaccaceps'' Frederick T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Relictus
The relict dace (''Relictus solitarius'') is a cyprinid fish of the Great Basin of western North America. It is the sole member of its genus. Relict dace coloration is variable, but generally dusky overall, with olive and brassy shades dorsally. An obvious speckling pattern with patches ranging from brown to green, and yellowish narrow stripes appear on the back and belly. Lower fins are often yellow, and may be a bright golden shade. The oblique mouth is terminal, and lacks horny cutting edges. The fins are rather small and rounded, with the pelvic fins being especially notable for their paddle shape. The variations on the basic cyprinid plan seem to be characteristic of desert fishes evolving in isolation, with the body adapting for midwater swimming in quiet water. The relict dace occurs in only a handful of habitats in eastern Nevada, all of which were once covered by the prehistoric Lake Lahontan Lake Lahontan was a large endorheic Pleistocene lake of modern northwest ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ptychocheilus
Pikeminnows, formerly squawfish, are cyprinid fish of the genus ''Ptychocheilus'' consisting of four species native to western North America. Voracious predators, they are considered an "undesirable" species in many waters, largely due to the species' perceived tendency to prey upon small trout and salmon. First known in western science by the common name Columbia River dace, the four species all became lumped under the offensive name "squawfish". In 1999, the American Fisheries Society adopted "pikeminnow" as the name it recommends, because Native Americans in the United States, Native Americans considered "squawfish" offensive. The Colorado pikeminnow, ''P. lucius'', is the largest member of the genus, ranging from 4 to 9 lb (2 to 4 kg) in adult fish with occasional specimens up to 25 lb (11 kg). Historical and anecdotal reports of Colorado pikeminnows nearing 6 feet (1.8 m) in length and 80 lb (36 kg) in weight have been made. The species ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orthodon
The Sacramento blackfish (''Orthodon microlepidotus'') is a species of freshwater fish in central California. A cyprinid, the blackfish is the sole member of its genus. Distribution and habitat Blackfish are primarily denizens of the warm and cloudy waters found on the floor of the Central Valley, such as sloughs and oxbow lakes connected to the Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers. They are also common in Clear Lake, Pajaro River, Salinas River, the small creeks that feed into San Francisco Bay. A population is present in the Russian River, believed to have been introduced. They also thrive in reservoirs, and have been spread to a number of California reservoirs via the California Aqueduct, and into Nevada via the Lahontan Reservoir (1964) where they have further colonized the Humboldt River drainage. Peter B. Moyle, ''Inland Fishes of California'' (University of California Press, 2002), pp. 144–146 Description Anatomy and morphology Blackfish are named for their gl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mylopharodon
''Mylopharadon conocephalus'', known as the hardhead, is a freshwater ray-finned fish from the family Cyprinidae, the carps and minnows, which is endemic to California. It is the sole member of the monotypic genus ''Mylopharadon''. Description The hardhead has an elongated, slender body which is brown to dusky bronze above, the larger fishbeing darkest, with silver sides. The dorsal fin has its origin behind that of the pelvic fin, It has 69-81 scales on its lateral line; the dorsal fin has 8 rays. The jaws are not extendable and there is a premaxillary frenum. The snout is long and pointed, ending with the large, terminal mouth which reaches back to the front of the eye. It has 2.5-4.2 pharyngeal teeth. It grows to around standard length. The juvenile fish are silvery. The adult males grow small white nuptial tubercles on the head and on a band extending from the head to the caudal peduncle in the Spring spawning season. Distribution The range of the hardhead includes much o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
