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Lausanne Conference Of 1932
The Lausanne Conference was a 1932 meeting of representatives from the United Kingdom, Germany, and France that resulted in an agreement to suspend World War I reparations payments imposed on Germany by the Treaty of Versailles. Held from June 16 to July 9, 1932, it was named for its location in Lausanne, Switzerland. The Hoover Moratorium had placed a hold on war reparations payments in 1931, and a year later the delegates to the Lausanne Conference realized that the deepening world financial crisis in the Great Depression made it nearly impossible for Germany to resume its payments. However, Britain and France and other Allies had borrowed heavily to fight the war, and in particular, France and Belgium were struggling after having had their infrastructure severely damaged by the fighting and by the deliberate destruction and plundering from retreating German forces as the war drew to a close. Therefore, the delegates came to an informal understanding that the permanent eliminati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Europe, off the north-western coast of the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The United Kingdom includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland, and many smaller islands within the British Isles. Northern Ireland shares a land border with the Republic of Ireland; otherwise, the United Kingdom is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel, the Celtic Sea and the Irish Sea. The total area of the United Kingdom is , with an estimated 2020 population of more than 67 million people. The United Kingdom has evolved from a series of annexations, unions and separations of constituent countries over several hundred years. The Treaty of Union between the Kingdom of England (which included Wales, annexed in 1542) and the Kingdom of Scotland in 170 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of The Foreign Relations Of The United States
History (derived ) is the systematic study and the documentation of the human activity. The time period of event before the invention of writing systems is considered prehistory. "History" is an umbrella term comprising past events as well as the memory, discovery, collection, organization, presentation, and interpretation of these events. Historians seek knowledge of the past using historical sources such as written documents, oral accounts, art and material artifacts, and ecological markers. History is not complete and still has debatable mysteries. History is also an academic discipline which uses narrative to describe, examine, question, and analyze past events, and investigate their patterns of cause and effect. Historians often debate which narrative best explains an event, as well as the significance of different causes and effects. Historians also debate the nature of history as an end in itself, as well as its usefulness to give perspective on the problems of the p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reparations
Reparation(s) may refer to: Christianity * Restitution (theology), the Christian doctrine calling for reparation * Acts of reparation, prayers for repairing the damages of sin History *War reparations **World War I reparations, made from Germany due to the signing of the Treaty of Versailles *Reparations Agreement between Israel and the Federal Republic of Germany, Holocaust reparations Law * Reparation (legal), the legal philosophy * Reparations (transitional justice), measures taken by the state to redress gross and systematic violations of human rights law or humanitarian law *Reparations for slavery Reparations for slavery is the application of the concept of reparations to victims of slavery and/or their descendants. There are concepts for reparations in legal philosophy and reparations in transitional justice. Reparations can take numer ..., proposed compensation for the Atlantic slave trade, to assist the descendants of enslaved peoples ** Reparations for sl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1932 In Switzerland
The following is a list of events, births, and deaths in 1932 in Switzerland. Incumbents * Federal Council: **Giuseppe Motta (President) **Edmund Schulthess **Jean-Marie Musy ** Heinrich Häberlin **Marcel Pilet-Golaz **Albert Meyer ** Rudolf Minger Tournaments *1931–32 Nationalliga * Switzerland at the 1932 Summer Olympics * Switzerland at the 1932 Winter Olympics *1932–33 Nationalliga Establishments * Events by Month January *January 9-Émile Ess, a Swiss rower, is born (d. December 1990) February *February 11-Kurt Schmid, a Swiss rower, is born March * April *April 9-Armin Jordan, a Swiss conductor, is born (d. September 2006) May * June * July *July 20- Alice Fischer, a Swiss figure skater, is born *July 29- Walter Loosli, a Swiss sculptor, woodcut engraver and maker of stained and painted glass panels and windows, is born *July 29-Luigi Snozzi, a Swiss architect, is born August *August 21-Kurt Stettler, a Swiss football (association football) goalkeeper, is b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1932 In International Relations
Year 193 ( CXCIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Sosius and Ericius (or, less frequently, year 946 '' Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 193 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * January 1 – Year of the Five Emperors: The Roman Senate chooses Publius Helvius Pertinax, against his will, to succeed the late Commodus as Emperor. Pertinax is forced to reorganize the handling of finances, which were wrecked under Commodus, to reestablish discipline in the Roman army, and to suspend the food programs established by Trajan, provoking the ire of the Praetorian Guard. * March 28 – Pertinax is assassinated by members of the Praetorian Guard, who storm the imperial palace. The Empire is auctioned o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diplomatic Conferences In Switzerland
Diplomatics (in American English, and in most anglophone countries), or diplomatic (in British English), is a scholarly discipline centred on the critical analysis of documents: especially, historical documents. It focuses on the conventions, protocols and formulae that have been used by document creators, and uses these to increase understanding of the processes of document creation, of information transmission, and of the relationships between the facts which the documents purport to record and reality. The discipline originally evolved as a tool for studying and determining the authenticity of the official charters and diplomas issued by royal and papal chanceries. It was subsequently appreciated that many of the same underlying principles could be applied to other types of official document and legal instrument, to non-official documents such as private letters, and, most recently, to the metadata of electronic records. Diplomatics is one of the auxiliary sciences of histo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1932 In France
Events from the year 1932 in France. Incumbents *President: Paul Doumer (until 7 May), Albert Lebrun (starting 10 May) *President of the Council of Ministers: ** until 20 February: Pierre Laval ** 20 February-3 June: Édouard Daladier ** 3 June-26 November: Édouard Herriot ** starting 26 November: Joseph Paul-Boncour Events * 1 May - Legislative Election held. * 6 May - Paul Gorguloff assassinates President Paul Doumer in Paris. Doumer dies the next day. * 8 May - Legislative Election held. * 10 May - Albert Lebrun becomes the new President of France. * 7 July - French submarine ''Prométhée'' sinks off Cherbourg - 66 dead. * Aperitif Ricard first produced by Paul Ricard in Marseille. Arts and literature * 14 January - Maurice Ravel's '' Concerto in G'' debuts with piano soloist Marguerite Long and Ravel conducting the Lamoureux Orchestra. Sport * 6 July - Tour de France begins. * 31 July - Tour de France ends, won by André Leducq. Births January to June * 31 January â ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War I Conferences
In its most general sense, the term "world" refers to the totality of entities, to the whole of reality or to everything that is. The nature of the world has been conceptualized differently in different fields. Some conceptions see the world as unique while others talk of a "plurality of worlds". Some treat the world as one simple object while others analyze the world as a complex made up of many parts. In ''scientific cosmology'' the world or universe is commonly defined as " e totality of all space and time; all that is, has been, and will be". '' Theories of modality'', on the other hand, talk of possible worlds as complete and consistent ways how things could have been. ''Phenomenology'', starting from the horizon of co-given objects present in the periphery of every experience, defines the world as the biggest horizon or the "horizon of all horizons". In ''philosophy of mind'', the world is commonly contrasted with the mind as that which is represented by the mind. ''Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aftermath Of World War I In The United Kingdom
Aftermath may refer to: Companies * Aftermath (comics), an imprint of Devil's Due Publishing * Aftermath Entertainment, an American record label founded by Dr. Dre * Aftermath Media, an American multimedia company * Aftermath Services, an American crime-scene cleanup company Film and television Films * ''Aftermath'' (1914 film), an American lost silent film * ''Aftermath'' (1927 film), a German silent film * ''Aftermath'' (1990 film) or ''Crash: The Mystery of Flight 1501'', an American television film * ''Aftermath'' (1994 film), a Spanish short horror film by Nacho Cerdà * ''Aftermath'' (2001 film), a television movie starring Meredith Baxter * ''Aftermath'' (2002 film), a film starring Sean Young * ''Aftermath'' (2004 film), a Danish film * ''Aftermath'' (2012 film), a Polish thriller and drama * ''Aftermath'' (2013 film), a film starring Anthony Michael Hall * ''Aftermath'' (2014 film), an apocalyptic thriller by Peter Engert * ''Aftermath'' (2017 film), a film st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Politics Of The Weimar Republic
Politics (from , ) is the set of activities that are associated with making decisions in groups, or other forms of power relations among individuals, such as the distribution of resources or status. The branch of social science that studies politics and government is referred to as political science. It may be used positively in the context of a "political solution" which is compromising and nonviolent, or descriptively as "the art or science of government", but also often carries a negative connotation.. The concept has been defined in various ways, and different approaches have fundamentally differing views on whether it should be used extensively or limitedly, empirically or normatively, and on whether conflict or co-operation is more essential to it. A variety of methods are deployed in politics, which include promoting one's own political views among people, negotiation with other political subjects, making laws, and exercising internal and external force, including war ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Weimar Republic
The Weimar Republic (german: link=no, Weimarer Republik ), officially named the German Reich, was the government of Germany from 1918 to 1933, during which it was a constitutional federal republic for the first time in history; hence it is also referred to, and unofficially proclaimed itself, as the German Republic (german: Deutsche Republik, link=no, label=none). The state's informal name is derived from the city of Weimar, which hosted the constituent assembly that established its government. In English, the republic was usually simply called "Germany", with "Weimar Republic" (a term introduced by Adolf Hitler in 1929) not commonly used until the 1930s. Following the devastation of the First World War (1914–1918), Germany was exhausted and sued for peace in desperate circumstances. Awareness of imminent defeat sparked a revolution, the abdication of Kaiser Wilhelm II, formal surrender to the Allies, and the proclamation of the Weimar Republic on 9 November 1918. In its i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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