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Lars Herminius Aquilinus
__NoToC__ Lars Herminius Aquilinus was consul in 448 BC with Titus Verginius Tricostus Caeliomontanus (consul 448). Their year of office was relatively peaceful, as neither consul took sides in the conflict between the patricians and the plebeians. Dionysius of Halicarnassus, ''Romaike Archaiologia'', xi. 51. Lars' filiation, "T. f.", indicates that his father was named ''Titus''. He may have been the son, or perhaps the grandson, of Titus Herminius, one of the heroes of the Republic, who was famous for his stand at the Sublician bridge in 508 BC, and who fell in the Battle of Lake Regillus. The consul's ''praenomen'' is given differently by various authorities. The historian Livius calls him '' Spurius'', while Cassiodorus calls him ''Lucius''. Diodorus Siculus gives "Λαρινος", and Dionysius "Λαρος". These agree with the treatise, ''De Praenominibus'', of uncertain authorship (usually appended to Valerius Maximus), which, however, gives the unusual spelling ''La ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roman Consul
A consul held the highest elected political office of the Roman Republic ( to 27 BC), and ancient Romans considered the consulship the second-highest level of the ''cursus honorum'' (an ascending sequence of public offices to which politicians aspired) after that of the censor. Each year, the Centuriate Assembly elected two consuls to serve jointly for a one-year term. The consuls alternated in holding '' fasces'' – taking turns leading – each month when both were in Rome and a consul's ''imperium'' extended over Rome and all its provinces. There were two consuls in order to create a check on the power of any individual citizen in accordance with the republican belief that the powers of the former kings of Rome should be spread out into multiple offices. To that end, each consul could veto the actions of the other consul. After the establishment of the Empire (27 BC), the consuls became mere symbolic representatives of Rome's republican heritage and held very little ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lucius (praenomen)
Lucius ( , ) is a Latin ''praenomen'', or personal name, which was one of the most common names throughout Roman history. The feminine form is ''Lucia'' ( , ). The praenomen was used by both patrician and plebeian families, and gave rise to the patronymic '' gentes Lucia'' and '' Lucilia'', as well as the ''cognomen'' ''Lucullus''. It was regularly abbreviated L.''Dictionary of Greek & Roman Biography & Mythology'' Throughout Roman history, Lucius was the most common praenomen, used slightly more than ''Gaius'' and somewhat more than ''Marcus''. Although a number of prominent families rarely or never used it, it was amongst the most frequently given names in countless others. The name survived the collapse of the Western Empire in the 5th century, and has continued into modern times. Origin and meaning In ''De Praenominibus'' (''Concerning Praenomina''), Julius Paris asserts that Lucius is derived from ''lux'', ''light'', and that the name was originally given to children who were ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marcus Geganius Macerinus
Marcus Geganius Macerinus was a Roman statesman who served as Consul in 447, 443, and 437 BC, and as Censor in 435 BC. Family Geganius came from the rather small patrician Gegania gens, which had only once before risen to the consulship, this when Titus Geganius Macerinus held it in 492 BC. Geganius shares his praenomen with that of his father, an otherwise unattested Marcus Geganius who should probably be seen as a descendant of the consul of 492 or his brother, Lucius Geganius Macerinus. He had a (younger) brother, Proculus Geganius Macerinus, who became consul in 440 BC. His grandsons (or grandnephews), Lucius Geganius Macerinus and Marcus Geganius Macerinus, would become consular tribunes in 378 and 367 BC respectively. Career Geganius was elected as consul in 447 BC together with Gaius Julius Iulus. According to Livy, he and his colleague concerned themselves with easing the tensions between the classes. They also carried out a war against the Volscians. Gegani ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Titus Verginius Tricostus Caeliomontanus (consul 448 BC)
Titus Verginius Tricostus Caeliomontanus was consul of the Roman Republic in 448 BC with Lars Herminius Aquilinus. Little is known about his life. Family background Caeliomontanus belonged to the patrician ''gens'' Verginia, which was of Etruscan origin, arriving to Rome with the Tarquins. They originally only bore the cognomen Tricostus. The first member of the family to reach the consulship was Opiter Verginius Tricostus in 502, in the early years of the Roman Republic. The patrician Verginii soon separated in two branches, one living on the Esquiline Hill, the other on the Caelian Hill, thus taking the additional cognomen Esquilinus and Caeliomontanus. The Fasti Capitolini are missing between 449 and 423, so Caeliomontanus' filiation has not been preserved. Friedrich Münzer and Hans Georg Gundel thought he was the son of Spurius Verginius Tricostus Caeliomontanus, consul in 456, but it is improbable that he was consul just 8 years before his son. Robert Maxwell Ogilvie sug ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Roman Republican Consuls
This is a list of consuls known to have held office, from the beginning of the Roman Republic to the latest use of the title in Imperial times, together with those magistrates of the Republic who were appointed in place of consuls, or who superseded consular authority for a limited period. Background Republican consuls From the establishment of the Republic to the time of Augustus, the consuls were the chief magistrates of the Roman state, and normally there were two of them, so that the executive power of the state was not vested in a single individual, as it had been under the kings. As other ancient societies dated historical events according to the reigns of their kings, it became customary at Rome to date events by the names of the consuls in office when the events occurred, rather than (for instance) by counting the number of years since the foundation of the city, although that method could also be used. If a consul died during his year of office, another was elected to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marcus Horatius Barbatus (consul 449)
Marcus Horatius Turrinus Barbatus ( 450–449 BC) was a Roman senator from the early Republic, who served as consul in 449 BC alongside Lucius Valerius Poplicola Potitus. According to Roman historical tradition, he and Valerius played an important role in ending the Decemvirate and bringing harmony between the patrician and plebeian orders. To the two consuls are traditionally attributed the Valerio-Horatian Laws, which gave full force of law to measures passed by plebiscite, restored the right of any citizen to appeal to the people, and confirmed the sacrosanctity of plebeian tribunes. The historicity of these laws has been doubted. During his consulship, Horatius also held a command against the Sabines, and celebrated a triumph, against the wishes of the Senate but supported by popular vote. The pairing of Valerius and Horatius has raised doubts about their authenticity due to the similarity with the pair Publius Valerius Poplicola and Marcus Horatius Pulvillus in 509 and 507 BC ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lucius Valerius Potitus (consul 449 BC)
Lucius Valerius Poplicola Potitus ( 450–449 BC) was a patrician who, together with Marcus Horatius Barbatus, opposed the second decemvirate in 449 BC when that body showed despotic tendencies. In honor of their efforts, the pair were elected consuls for the remainder of that year. Potitus and the Decemvirate The two men were patricians who stood up when a plebeian was being abused by the despotic second decemvirate, spoke critically of the decemviri and showed sympathy towards the plebeians. When the plebeians rebelled in the second plebeian secession they were chosen as negotiators because their previous actions had put them in a favourable light in the eyes of the plebeians, who felt that they were trustworthy. When the demands of the plebeians were met and the secession was called off, both men were elected as consuls. They passed the Valerio-Horatian Laws (''Leges Veleriae-Horatiae''). The first law established that the resolutions (plebiscites) of the Plebeian Council w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Herminia Gens
The gens Herminia was an ancient patrician house at Rome. Members of the gens appear during the first war between the Roman Republic and the Etruscans, ''circa'' 508 BC, and from then to 448 BC. Two members of the family held the consulship, Titus Herminius Aquilinus in 506 BC, and Lars Herminius Aquilinus in 448. Origin The Roman antiquaries regarded the Herminii as an Etruscan family. Silius Italicus mentions an Etruscan fisherman by this name. The Herminii are one of the only Roman families known to have used distinctly Etruscan praenomina. However, in the traditions relating to the stand of Horatius and his companions at the Sublician Bridge, Titus Herminius appears to represent the ancient tribe of the '' Titienses'', the Sabine element of the Roman ''populus''. A number of Sabine and Oscan names begin with the syllable, ''Her-''. Praenomina The praenomina associated with the Herminii are ''Titus'' and ''Lars'', although in place of ''Lars'', some sources give '' Spu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas Robert Shannon Broughton
Thomas Robert Shannon Broughton, FBA (; 17 February 1900 – 17 September 1993) was a Canadian classical scholar and leading Latin prosopographer of the twentieth century. He is especially noted for his definitive three-volume work, ''Magistrates of the Roman Republic'' (1951-1986). Life and career Broughton was born in 1900 in Corbetton, Ontario. He attended Victoria College at the University of Toronto. There he received a B.A. in 1921 with honors in classics. He earned his M.A. in 1922. After studying at the University of Chicago, he was made a Rogers Fellow at Johns Hopkins University, where he received a Ph.D. in Latin in 1928, having studied under the famed ancient historian Tenney Frank (1876-1939). He began his teaching career at Victoria College, Toronto. Broughton would go on to teach at Amherst College, Bryn Mawr College (1928-1965) and, later, serve as George L. Paddison Professor of Latin at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (1965-1971), where th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karl Otfried Müller
Karl Otfried Müller ( la, Carolus Mullerus; 28 August 1797 – 1 August 1840) was a German scholar and Philodorian, or admirer of ancient Sparta, who introduced the modern study of Greek mythology. Biography He was born at Brieg (modern Brzeg) in Silesia, then in the Kingdom of Prussia. His father was a chaplain in the Prussian army, and he was raised in the atmosphere of Protestant Pietism. He attended the gymnasium of his town. His university education was partly in Breslau (now Wrocław) and partly in Berlin. In Berlin, he was spurred towards the study of Greek literature, art and history by the influence of Philipp August Böckh. In 1817, after the publication of his first work, ''Aegineticorum liber'', on the Aeginetans, he received an appointment at the Magdaleneum in Breslau, and in 1819 he was made adjunct professor of ancient literature at the University of Göttingen, his subject being the archaeology and history of ancient art. He deepened his understanding of Gr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cognomen
A ''cognomen'' (; plural ''cognomina''; from ''con-'' "together with" and ''(g)nomen'' "name") was the third name of a citizen of ancient Rome, under Roman naming conventions. Initially, it was a nickname, but lost that purpose when it became hereditary. Hereditary ''cognomina'' were used to augment the second name, the ''nomen gentilicium'' (the family name, or clan name), in order to identify a particular branch within a family or family within a clan. The term has also taken on other contemporary meanings. Roman names Because of the limited nature of the Latin '' praenomen'', the ''cognomen'' developed to distinguish branches of the family from one another, and occasionally, to highlight an individual's achievement, typically in warfare. One example of this is Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus, whose cognomen ''Magnus'' was earned after his military victories under Sulla's dictatorship. The ''cognomen'' was a form of distinguishing people who accomplished important feats, and those who ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Etruscan Culture
The Etruscan civilization () was developed by a people of Etruria in ancient Italy with a common language and culture who formed a federation of city-states. After conquering adjacent lands, its territory covered, at its greatest extent, roughly what is now Tuscany, western Umbria, and northern Lazio, as well as what are now the Po Valley, Emilia-Romagna, south-eastern Lombardy, southern Veneto, and western Campania. The earliest evidence of a culture that is identifiably Etruscan dates from about 900BC. This is the period of the Iron Age Villanovan culture, considered to be the earliest phase of Etruscan civilization, which itself developed from the previous late Bronze Age Proto-Villanovan culture in the same region. Etruscan civilization endured until it was assimilated into Roman society. Assimilation began in the late 4thcenturyBC as a result of the Roman–Etruscan Wars; it accelerated with the grant of Roman citizenship in 90 BC, and became complete in 27 BC, when the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
