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Landesgericht (Germany)
In Germany, or {{Lang, de, Gerichte der Länder are courts which are established and operated by one or several of the sixteen '' Länder'' of the Federal Republic of Germany. Their opposite are the Federal Courts. According to article 92 of the Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany, the judicial power is exercised by the Constitutional Court, by the Federal Courts enumerated in the Basic Law, and otherwise by the courts of the states. Courts of the states are: *''Amtsgerichte'', ''Landgerichte'' and ''Oberlandesgerichte'' as the first, second and third instances of ordinary jurisdiction (except some cases in which the Oberlandesgerichte act as federal courts, see the corresponding article) *''Labour Courts'' and ''State Labour Courts'' as the first and second instance of labour jurisdiction *''Administrative Courts'' and ''Oberverwaltungsgerichte'' as the first and second instance of administrative jurisdiction *''Social Courts'' and ''State Social Courts'' as the fi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Federal Courts (Germany)
In Germany, federal courts (''Bundesgerichte'', singular ''Bundesgericht'') are courts which are established by federal law. According to article 92 of the Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany, the judiciary power is exercised by the Federal Constitutional Court, the federal courts provided for in the Basic Law, and the courts of the Länder ( Landesgerichte). The federal courts are: *Supreme courts, mandated by art. 95 of the Basic Law **Federal Court of Justice (supreme court of ordinary jurisdiction) ** Federal Administrative Court (supreme court of administrative jurisdiction) ** Federal Finance Court (supreme court of financial jurisdiction) **Federal Labour Court (supreme court of labour jurisdiction) **Federal Social Court (supreme court of social jurisdiction) *Other courts, created under art. 96 of the Basic Law **Federal Patent Court of Germany, a court of ordinary jurisdiction ** Truppendienstgericht Nord and Truppendienstgericht Süd, courts of administrative ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basic Law For The Federal Republic Of Germany
The Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany (german: Grundgesetz für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland) is the constitution of the Federal Republic of Germany. The West German Constitution was approved in Bonn on 8 May 1949 and came into effect on 23 May after having been approved by the occupying western Allies of World War II on 12 May. It was termed "Basic Law" (german: Grundgesetz) to indicate that it was a provisional piece of legislation pending the reunification of Germany. However, when reunification took place in 1990, the Basic Law was retained as the definitive constitution of reunified Germany. Its original field of application (german: Geltungsbereich)—that is, the states that were initially included in the Federal Republic of Germany—consisted of the three Western Allies' zones of occupation, but at the insistence of the Western Allies, formally excluded West Berlin. In 1990, the Two Plus Four Agreement between the two parts of Germany and all four All ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amtsgericht
An ''Amtsgericht'' (District Court) in Germany is an official court. These courts form the lowest level of the so-called 'ordinary jurisdiction' of the German judiciary (German ''Ordentliche Gerichtsbarkeit''), which is responsible for most criminal and civil judicial matters. The German ''Amtsgericht'' may be compared to the magistrates' courts in England and Wales, although it has much broader sentencing powers. Its name derives from the '' Amt'' as a denomination for an administrative and court district in many of the territories of the Holy Roman Empire. The main areas of an ''Amtsgericht's'' jurisdiction Jurisdiction (from Latin 'law' + 'declaration') is the legal term for the legal authority granted to a legal entity to enact justice. In federations like the United States, areas of jurisdiction apply to local, state, and federal levels. Jur ... are: * court of first instance for civil case where the subject of litigation is worth €5,000 or less, and for litigati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oberlandesgericht
An ''Oberlandesgericht'' (plural – ''Oberlandesgerichte''; OLG, en, Higher Regional Court, or in Berlin ''Kammergericht'': KG) is a higher court in Germany. There are 24 OLGs in Germany and they deal with civil and criminal matters. They are positioned above state courts ( ''Landgerichte'') and below the Federal Court of Justice (''Bundesgerichtshof''), in family and child law above the district courts (''Amtsgericht'') and below the Federal Court of Justice. In the ''Oberlandesgerichte'', the offices of the ''Generalstaatsanwaltschaft'' or district attorney general are located. In criminal cases that are under primary jurisdiction of the Federal Court of Justice (i.e., cases concerning national security), the Oberlandesgerichte act as branches of the Federal Court of Justice, that is, as "lower federal courts" (''Untere Bundesgerichte''). As pe§ 120, OLGs have original jurisdiction (''Erstinstanz'') over crimes against public international law under the Völkerstrafgesetz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bundesgericht (Germany)
In Germany, federal courts (''Bundesgerichte'', singular ''Bundesgericht'') are courts which are established by federal law. According to article 92 of the Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany, the judiciary power is exercised by the Federal Constitutional Court, the federal courts provided for in the Basic Law, and the courts of the Länder ( Landesgerichte). The federal courts are: *Supreme courts, mandated by art. 95 of the Basic Law **Federal Court of Justice (supreme court of ordinary jurisdiction) ** Federal Administrative Court (supreme court of administrative jurisdiction) ** Federal Finance Court (supreme court of financial jurisdiction) **Federal Labour Court (supreme court of labour jurisdiction) **Federal Social Court (supreme court of social jurisdiction) *Other courts, created under art. 96 of the Basic Law **Federal Patent Court of Germany, a court of ordinary jurisdiction ** Truppendienstgericht Nord and Truppendienstgericht Süd, courts of administrative j ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Finance Court (Germany)
The Finance Court ( German: Finanzgericht) is a special court. In Germany it is the court of first instance for legal recourse in financial disputes. The judges rule on legal disputes between tax citizens and the tax authorities (tax offices, customs authorities, family funds and the German Federal Pension Insurance Association in matters relating to pension benefits (Section 98 Income Tax Act)). The punishment of tax offenders is not the business of the Fiscal Court. A Fiscal Court is not an extended arm of tax government, but is independent from it like any other German court (separation of powers, also known as trias politica). Except for the (federal) supreme courts, each federal state is responsible for organising its own judicature ( Division of powers). The Fiscal Courts are listed below: * Fiscal Courts of North Rhine-Westphalia ** Düsseldorfbr>** Colognebr>** [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Judiciary Of Germany
The judiciary of Germany is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Germany. The German legal system is a civil law mostly based on a comprehensive compendium of statutes, as compared to the common law systems. In criminal and administrative law, Germany uses an inquisitorial system where the judges are actively involved in investigating the facts of the case, as compared to an adversarial system where the role of the judge is primarily that of an impartial referee between the prosecutor or plaintiff and the defendant. In Germany, the independence of the judiciary is historically older than democracy. The organisation of courts is traditionally strong, and almost all federal and state actions are subject to judicial review. Judges follow a distinct career path. At the end of their legal education at university, all law students must pass a state examination before they can continue on to an apprenticeship that provides them with broad training in the legal pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Landgericht (Germany)
The judiciary of Germany is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Germany. The German legal system is a civil law mostly based on a comprehensive compendium of statutes, as compared to the common law systems. In criminal and administrative law, Germany uses an inquisitorial system where the judges are actively involved in investigating the facts of the case, as compared to an adversarial system where the role of the judge is primarily that of an impartial referee between the prosecutor or plaintiff and the defendant. In Germany, the independence of the judiciary is historically older than democracy. The organisation of courts is traditionally strong, and almost all federal and state actions are subject to judicial review. Judges follow a distinct career path. At the end of their legal education at university, all law students must pass a state examination before they can continue on to an apprenticeship that provides them with broad training in the legal pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
