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Land Conference
The Land Conference was a successful conciliatory negotiation held in the Mansion House in Dublin, Ireland between 20 December 1902 and 4 January 1903. In a short period it produced a unanimously agreed report recommending an amiable solution to the long waged land war between tenant farmers and their landlords. Advocating a massive scheme of voluntary land purchase, it provided the basis for the most important land reform ever introduced by any Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland during the period of the Act of Union (1801–1922), the Land Purchase (Ireland) Act 1903. Through it, the whole Irish land question underwent a revolutionary transformation whereby the entire tenantry were encouraged to purchase their holdings with advances from the imperial exchequer, provided for the express purpose of facilitating the transfer of the land from owner to occupier. Land War as prelude There were three periods of particularly acute tension and conflict betw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mansion House, Dublin
The Mansion House ( ga, Teach an Ard-Mhéara) is a house on Dawson Street, Dublin, which has been the official residence of the Lord Mayor of Dublin since 1715, and was also the meeting place of the Dáil Éireann from 1919 until 1922. History The Mansion House was built in 1710 by the merchant and property developer Joshua Dawson, after whom Dawson Street is named. It was constructed on a piece of poor quality marshy land outside the medieval city walls which was acquired by Dawson in 1705. Dublin Corporation purchased the house in 1715 for assignment as the official residence of the Lord Mayor. It retains this purpose to this day. In 1821, the Round Room was built in order to receive King George IV., while the distinctive metal portico over the main door was erected for the visit of Queen Victoria in 1900. The First Dáil assembled in the Round Room on 21 January 1919 to proclaim the Irish Declaration of Independence. Two years later, in 1921, the Anglo-Irish Treaty was rat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chief Secretary For Ireland
The Chief Secretary for Ireland was a key political office in the British administration in Ireland. Nominally subordinate to the Lord Lieutenant, and officially the "Chief Secretary to the Lord Lieutenant", from the early 19th century until the end of British rule he was effectively the government minister with responsibility for governing Ireland, roughly equivalent to the role of a Secretary of State, such as the similar role of Secretary of State for Scotland. Usually it was the Chief Secretary, rather than the Lord Lieutenant, who sat in the British Cabinet. The Chief Secretary was ''ex officio'' President of the Local Government Board for Ireland from its creation in 1872. British rule over much of Ireland came to an end as the result of the Irish War of Independence, which culminated in the establishment of the Irish Free State. In consequence the office of Chief Secretary was abolished, as well as that of Lord Lieutenant. Executive responsibility within the Iris ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Joseph Walsh
William Joseph Walsh (30 January 1841 – 9 April 1921) served as the Roman Catholic Archbishop of Dublin from 3 July 1885 until his death in 1921. Early life and priestly ministry He was born at 11 Essex Quay in Dublin, the only child of Ralph and Mary Perce Walsh. His father was a watchmaker and jeweler. William inherited his sympathy for Irish nationalism and independence from his father, who had the boy enrolled in the Repeal Association before he was two years old. William was educated locally at Mr Fitzpatrick's School on Peter St. and at St. Laurence O’Toole Seminary School, Harcourt St, Dublin. In 1856, he went to the Catholic University of Ireland and three years later St. Patrick's College, Maynooth where he became Professor of Theology in 1867. He was appointed vice-president of Maynooth in 1878 and president in 1880. A poor preacher, he made the press his pulpit, and made a name for himself in the areas of land law and education. Archbishop The Land issue divid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Absentee Landlord
In economics, an absentee landlord is a person who owns and rents out a profit-earning property, but does not live within the property's local economic region. The term "absentee ownership" was popularised by economist Thorstein Veblen's 1923 book of the same name, ''Absentee Ownership''. Overall, tax policy seems to favour absentee ownership. However, some jurisdictions seek to extract money from absentee owners by taxing land. Absentee ownership has sometimes put the absentee owners at risk of loss. In Ireland before 1903 Absentee landlords were a highly significant issue in the history of Ireland. During the course of 16th and 17th centuries, most of the land in Ireland was confiscated from Irish Catholic landowners during the Plantations of Ireland and granted to Scottish, Welsh and English settlers who were members of the established churches (the Church of England and the Church of Ireland at the time); in Ulster, many of the landowners were Scottish Presbyterians. Confi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Irish Home Rule Movement
The Irish Home Rule movement was a movement that campaigned for self-government (or "home rule") for Ireland within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. It was the dominant political movement of Irish nationalism from 1870 to the end of World War I. Isaac Butt founded the Home Government Association in 1870. This was succeeded in 1873 by the Home Rule League, and in 1882 by the Irish Parliamentary Party. These organisations campaigned for home rule in the British House of Commons. Under the leadership of Charles Stewart Parnell, the movement came close to success when the Liberal government of William Ewart Gladstone introduced the First Home Rule Bill in 1886, but the bill was defeated in the House of Commons after a split in the Liberal Party. After Parnell's death, Gladstone introduced the Second Home Rule Bill in 1893; it passed the Commons but was defeated in the House of Lords. After the removal of the Lords' veto in 1911, the Third Home Rule Bill was introd ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Timothy Harrington
Timothy Charles Harrington (1851 – 12 March 1910), born in Castletownbere, Castletownbere, County Cork, was an Ireland, Irish journalist, barrister, Irish nationalism, nationalist politician and Member of Parliament (United Kingdom), Member of Parliament (MP) in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, House of Commons of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. As a member of the Irish Parliamentary Party he represented Westmeath (UK Parliament constituency), Westmeath from February 1883 to November 1885. In 1885 he was elected for the new constituency of Dublin Harbour (UK Parliament constituency), Dublin Harbour, which he represented until his death in 1910. He served as Lord Mayor of Dublin three times from 1901–04. He was educated at the Catholic University of Ireland and Trinity College Dublin. He owned two newspapers, ''United Ireland'' and the ''Kerry Sentinel'' and was a member of the so-called Bantry band of prominent nationalist politicians from the B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Irish Parliamentary Party
The Irish Parliamentary Party (IPP; commonly called the Irish Party or the Home Rule Party) was formed in 1874 by Isaac Butt, the leader of the Nationalist Party, replacing the Home Rule League, as official parliamentary party for Irish nationalist Members of Parliament (MPs) elected to the House of Commons at Westminster within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland up until 1918. Its central objectives were legislative independence for Ireland and land reform. Its constitutional movement was instrumental in laying the groundwork for Irish self-government through three Irish Home Rule bills. Origins The IPP evolved out of the Home Rule League which Isaac Butt founded after he defected from the Irish Conservative Party in 1873. The League sought to gain a limited form of freedom from Britain in order to manage Irish domestic affairs in the interest of the Protestant landlord class. It was inspired by the 1868 election of William Ewart Gladstone and his Liberal Party unde ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Redmond
John Edward Redmond (1 September 1856 – 6 March 1918) was an Irish nationalism, Irish nationalist politician, barrister, and Member of Parliament (United Kingdom), MP in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom. He was best known as leader of the moderate Irish Parliamentary Party (IPP) from 1900 until his death in 1918. He was also leader of the paramilitary organisation the Irish National Volunteers (INV). He was born to an old prominent Catholic Church, Catholic family in rural Ireland; several relatives were politicians. He took over control of the minority IPP faction loyal to Charles Stewart Parnell when that leader died in 1891. Redmond was a conciliatory politician who achieved the two main objectives of his political life: party unity and, in September 1914, the passing of the Government of Ireland Act 1914. The Act granted limited self-government to Ireland, within the United Kingdom. However, implementation of Home Rule was Suspensory Act 1914, suspended by the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nugent Everard
Sir Nugent Talbot Everard, 1st Baronet (24 October 1849 – 12 July 1929) was an Irish senator nominated to the 1922 Seanad Éireann. He was born 24 October 1849 in Torquay, Devonshire, England, the eldest son of Captain Richard Nugent Everard, officer in the British army, and his wife Barbara Everard (née O'Reilly) of Ballinlough Castle, County Westmeath. He was educated at Harrow School and Trinity College, Cambridge (MA 1875). In 1863, at the age of 13, he had inherited the family estate in Ireland at Randlestown, near Navan, County Meath. About 1870 he settled at Randlestown. He took up farming on the estate, at that time containing 2,311 acres. In the general election of 1892 he stood as unionist candidate in the West Cavan constituency, but was not elected. In 1902 he was one of the landlord representatives during the 1902 Land Conference. He was a lieutenant-colonel in the Prince of Wales's Leinster Regiment (Royal Canadians) regiment of the British Army, and was gr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hutcheson Poë
Sir William Hutcheson Poë, 1st Baronet (20 September 1848 – 30 November 1934) was an Irish soldier and politician. Biography He was born the younger son of William T. Poë in Donaghadee, County Down. He joined the Royal Marines in 1867 and served in the Sudan in 1884, commanding a unit of the Camel Corps in the Relief of Khartoum in 1885. He retired in 1888. He was a Justice of the Peace and Deputy Lieutenant for Queen's County and was appointed High Sheriff of Queen's County for 1891 and High Sheriff of Tyrone for 1893. He lived at Heywood House, Ballinakill. He was a member of the Land Conference in 1902. He was created a baronet on 2 July 1912. From 1915 to 1916 he served in Egypt during World War I, and from 1916 to 1919 was with the Red Cross in France. He was the Lord Lieutenant of Queen's County from 1920 to 1922. He was an independent member of Seanad Éireann from 1922 to 1924. He was nominated to the Seanad by the President of the Executive Council in 1922 for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dermot Bourke, 7th Earl Of Mayo
Dermot Robert Wyndham Bourke, 7th Earl of Mayo KP PC (Ire) (; ; 2 July 1851 – 31 December 1927) was an Anglo-Irish peer, styled Lord Naas (; ) from 1867 to 1872, who served as a representative peer in the British House of Lords (1890–1921) and member of the Senate of Southern Ireland (1921–22) and Seanad Éireann (1922–27). Life He succeeded as Earl of Mayo on the death of his father Richard Bourke, 6th Earl of Mayo in 1872. In 1890 he was elected as an Irish representative peer and took his seat in the House of Lords. He was appointed a Knight of the Order of St Patrick on 3 February 1905. He was one of the four landlord representatives during the 1902 Land Conference. Between 1921 and 1922 he served in the Senate of Southern Ireland. He was nominated by W. T. Cosgrave to the Seanad of the Irish Free State on its formation in 1922. He was nominated for 12 years and served until his death in 1927. Family His wife, Geraldine Sarah Ponsonby (d. 29 November 1944), was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Windham Wyndham-Quin, 4th Earl Of Dunraven And Mount-Earl
Windham Thomas Wyndham-Quin, 4th Earl of Dunraven and Mount-Earl, (12 February 1841 – 14 June 1926), styled Viscount Adare between 1850 and 1871, was an Anglo-Irish journalist, landowner, entrepreneur, sportsman and Conservative politician. He served as Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies under Lord Salisbury from 1885 to 1886 and 1886 to 1887. He also successfully presided over the 1902 Land Conference and was the founder of the Irish Reform Association. He recruited two regiments of sharpshooters, leading them in the Boer War and later establishing a unit in Ireland. A big game hunter, in 1874 Dunraven claimed 15,000 acres in Colorado, United States, determined to make the area a game park. He built a tourist hotel there but sold the land in the early 20th century, as he was under continuous pressure from settlers trying to encroach on his holdings. Background, education and early life Lord Dunraven was the son of The 3rd Earl of Dunraven and Mount-Earl by his first ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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