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Lamiyyat Al-'Arab
The ''Lāmiyyāt al-‘Arab'' (the L-song of the Arabs) is the pre-eminent poem in the surviving canon of the pre-Islamic 'brigand-poets' ('' sa'alik''). The poem also gained a foremost position in Western views of the Orient from the 1820s onwards. The poem takes its name from the last letter of each of its 68 lines, L (Arabic ل, ''lām Lamedh or Lamed is the twelfth letter of the Semitic abjads, including Hebrew Lāmed , Aramaic Lāmadh , Syriac Lāmaḏ ܠ, Arabic , and Phoenician Lāmed . Its sound value is . The Phoenician letter gave rise to the Greek Lambda (Λ), Latin ...''). The poem is traditionally attributed to the putatively sixth-century CE outlaw (''ṣu‘lūk'') Al-Shanfarā, but it has been suspected since medieval times that it was actually composed during the Islamic period. For example, the medieval commentator al-Qālī (d. 969 CE) reported that it was composed by the early anthologist Khalaf al-Aḥmar. The debate has not been resolved; if the poem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Su'luk
In early Arabian history, su'luk ( ar, صعلوك; pl. sa'alik ) was a term that can be translated as brigand, brigand-poet, or vagabond. The sa'alik were mostly individuals who had been forced out of their tribes and who lived on the fringes of society, although some of them maintained ties with their tribes. Some of the sa'alik became renowned poets, writing poetry about the hardships of desert life and their feelings of isolation. Famous sa'alik include Al-Shanfara, Ta'abbata Sharran, and Urwa ibn al-Ward. The sa'alik were most prominent in pre-Islamic Arabia, but persisted during the Umayyad and Abbasid caliphates. Terminology The precise meaning of the term ''su'luk'' is difficult to determine, because in biographical materials about the ''sa'alik'' poets, the term is used most frequently in the sense of "honorable brigand". However, in poetic texts the term seems to mean "poor". Khatim al-Ta'i and al-A'sha make comparisons between wealth (''ghina'') and ''tasa'luk'', which in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lamedh
Lamedh or Lamed is the twelfth letter of the Semitic abjads, including Hebrew Lāmed , Aramaic Lāmadh , Syriac Lāmaḏ ܠ, Arabic , and Phoenician Lāmed . Its sound value is . The Phoenician letter gave rise to the Greek Lambda (Λ), Latin L, and Cyrillic El (Л). Origin The letter is usually considered to have originated from the representation of a goad, i.e. a cattle prod, or a shepherd's crook, i.e. a pastoral staff. Hebrew Lamed Hebrew spelling: Pronunciation Lamed transcribes as an alveolar lateral approximant . Significance Lamed in gematria represents the number 30. With the letter Vav it refers to the Lamedvavniks, the 36 righteous people who save the world from destruction. As an abbreviation, it can stand for litre. Also, a sign on a car with a Lamed on it means that the driver is a student of driving (the Lamed stands for ', learner). It is also used as the Electoral symbol for the Yisrael Beiteinu party. As a prefix, it can have two purposes: * I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Shanfarā
Al-Shanfarā ( ar, الشنفرى; died c. 525 CE) was a semi-legendary pre-Islamic poet tentatively associated with Ṭāif, and the supposed author of the celebrated poem ''Lāmiyyāt ‘al-Arab''. He enjoys a status as a figure of an archetypal outlaw antihero (''su'luk''), critiquing the hypocrisies of his society from his position as an outsider. Life The name ''Al-Shanfara'' means "he who has large lips." His full name may be either Thabit ibn Malik or Thabit ibn Aws. What is known about al-Shanfarā is inferred from the poems which he is believed with confidence to have composed. He seems fairly certainly to have belonged to the Yemenite al-Azd tribe, probably specifically to the Al-Khazraj clan. He is sometimes counted among the ''aghribat al-Arab'' (Arab crows), a term referring to Arabs with African mothers. Others argue against his inclusion in this group, which according to scholar Bernard Lewis is due to a confusion between the ''sa'alik'' and the ''aghribat al-Arab'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khalaf Al-Ahmar
Khalaf may refer to: * Khalaf (name) * Al-Khalaf, a village in east-central Yemen * Khalaf, East Azerbaijan, a village in East Azerbaijan Province, Iran * Khalaf, Khuzestan, a village in Khuzestan Province, Iran * Khalaf-e Nabi, a village in Khuzestan Province, Iran * Khalaf, South Khorasan, a village in South Khorasan Province, Iran * Halaf, Iran (other), various places in Khuzestan Province, Iran {{disambiguation, geo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georg Jacob
Georg Jacob (26 May 1862 – 4 July 1937) was a scholar of Islamic studies and an Orientalist. He founded Turkology as a modern academic discipline in Germany. Life Jacob studied Arabic geography at the Universität Greifswald, achieving his ''Habilitation'' in 1892. In 1896 he became an Extraordinary Professor at the Friedrich-Alexander-Universität in Erlangen, and in 1888-90 he was assistant librarian at the Royal Library in Berlin. In 1911 he was made Chair of Oriental Studies at the Christian-Albrechts-Universität in Kiel, succeeding . As (''ordinarius'') for 'Semitic and Islamic Philology' at the university, Jacob was the first German professor to have a chair incorporating Islamic studies, reflecting a tentative institutional willingness to allow the field of Semitic language study to expand to include the Islamic world, including the non-Semitic, Turkic-speaking world. In Kiel, Jacob 'was director of the Oriental institute at the university .. which consisted of one roo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muhammad Ibn 'Umar Al-Zamakhshari
Abu al-Qasim Mahmud ibn Umar al-Zamakhshari (; 1074 –1143) was a medieval Muslim scholar of Iranian descent. He travelled to Makkah and settled there for five years and has been known since then as Jar Allah ‘God's Neighbor’. He was a Mu'tazilite theologian, linguist, poet and interpreter of the Quran. He is best known for his book Al-Kashshaf, which interprets and linguistically analyzes Quranic expressions and the use of figurative speech for conveying meaning. This work is a primary source for all major linguists; however, some of its Mu’tazila philosophical ideas were rejected by Ibn Kathir. Biography His full name was Abu Al-Qasim Mahmoud ibn Omar ibn Mohammed ibn Omar Al-Khawarizmi Al-Zamakhshari. He was also referred to as Fakhr Khawarizm ‘Khawarizm Pride’ because people travelled to Khawarizm, a large oasis in what is now the southwestern part of Turkmenistan, to learn from him about the Quran and Arabic language. He was born on Wednesday, March 18 of 107 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
