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Whakaraupō
Lyttelton Harbour / Whakaraupō is a major inlet on the northwest side of Banks Peninsula, on the coast of Canterbury, New Zealand; the other major inlet is Akaroa Harbour, which enters from the southern side of the peninsula. Lyttelton Harbour / Whakaraupō enters from the northern coast of the peninsula, heading in a predominantly westerly direction for approximately from its mouth to the aptly-named Head of the Bay near Teddington. The harbour sits in an eroded caldera of the ancient Banks Peninsula Volcano, the steep sides of which form the Port Hills on its northern shore. The harbour's main population centre is Lyttelton, which serves the main port to the nearby city of Christchurch, linked with Christchurch by the single-track Lyttelton rail tunnel (opened 1867), a two lane road tunnel (opened 1964) and two roads over the Port Hills. Diamond Harbour lies to the south and the Māori village of Te Rāpaki-o-Te Rakiwhakaputa to the west. At the head of the harbour i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kennedy's Bush Scenic Reserve
Kennedy's Bush Scenic Reserve is a public conservation reserve in the Port Hills south of Christchurch, New Zealand. It sits above the suburb of Kennedys Bush on the northern side of the hills, just north of Cass Peak, Ōrongomai / Cass Peak. The reserve is covered in dense Old-growth forest, native bush, and at it is the largest remaining patch of native bush on the Port Hills. Ecology In 1906 a survey found 96 species of flora in the reserve. Today the reserve still contains a wide variety of native species of plant. These include ferns, grasses, trees and climbing flowers, as well as and some threatened species including native speargrass, Kunzea ericoides, kānuka, Lophomyrtus obcordata, rōhutu, and Podocarpus totara, tōtara. Birds of New Zealand, Native birds are present in the reserve, including New Zealand bellbird, korimako, Grey warbler, riroriro, kererū, and New Zealand fantail, pīwakawaka. Tūī were also present during the early 20th century. Pest control has b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Otokitoki / Gollans Bay
Awaroa / Godley Head (), called Cachalot Head by early French explorers, is a prominent headland in Christchurch, New Zealand, located at the entrance to Lyttelton Harbour / Whakaraupō. The headland is named for John Robert Godley. Etymology The headland was known to Māori as Awaroa. The wider area around Gollans Bay within Lyttelton Harbour / Whakaraupō is also known as Otokitoki, and this Māori language word refers either to 'the place of tokitoki' (a native tree commonly known as tītoki), or a brown duck ('' Anas chlorotis''), or New Zealand dabchick ('' Poliocephalus rufopectus''). The French whaler ''Cachalot'', commanded by Jean Langlois, came to grief in this location in 1838, and the headland was then known Cachalot Head. The headland was renamed by Captain Joseph Thomas, the chief surveyor of the Canterbury Association, in his 1849 survey of Canterbury. Location Godley Head is the easternmost end of the Port Hills. It forms the northern boundary to the entrance ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Port Hills
The Port Hills () are a range of hills in Canterbury Region of New Zealand, so named because they lie between the city of Christchurch and its port at Lyttelton, New Zealand, Lyttelton. They are an eroded remnant of the Banks Peninsula Volcano, Lyttelton volcano, which erupted millions of years ago. The hills start at Godley Head, run approximately east–west along the northern side of Lyttelton Harbour, and continue running to the south, dividing the city from the harbour. The range terminates near Gebbies Pass above the head of the harbour. The range includes a number of summits between 300 and 500 metres above sea level. The range is of significant geological, environmental and scenic importance. History The volcano is one of two from which Banks Peninsula was originally formed 12 million years ago. The area was first populated by Māori people, Māori during the 14th century. During early European settlement some 500 years later the Port Hills presented a challenging ba ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Banks Peninsula Volcano
The Banks Peninsula Volcano is an extinct volcanic complex to the east of Christchurch on New Zealand's South Island.Sewell 1986 While the volcano is highly eroded it still forms the majority of Banks Peninsula with a highest point of . It is a composite of two main eruptive centres one originating at Lyttelton Harbour, the other at Akaroa Harbour. The eruptions were predominantly basaltic, with associated andesite and trachytes, with minor rhyolite. The volcanic activity occurred in the Late Miocene and possibly extended into the Early Pliocene. There are four volcanic groups, all of which are within the Māui Supergroup.Mortimer et al. 2014 The Christchurch earthquakes led to rumors of a possible eruption, however, there is no known magma chamber beneath the volcano and there has not been any sign of volcanic activity in the last 5 million years. Origin and relationship to other volcanoes New Zealand's South Island has many extinct volcanic centres with no obvious tectonic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caldera
A caldera ( ) is a large cauldron-like hollow that forms shortly after the emptying of a magma chamber in a volcanic eruption. An eruption that ejects large volumes of magma over a short period of time can cause significant detriment to the structural integrity of such a chamber, greatly diminishing its capacity to support its own roof and any substrate or rock resting above. The ground surface then collapses into the emptied or partially emptied magma chamber, leaving a large depression at the surface (from one to dozens of kilometers in diameter). Although sometimes described as a Volcanic crater, crater, the feature is actually a type of sinkhole, as it is formed through subsidence and collapse rather than an explosion or impact. Compared to the thousands of volcanic eruptions that occur over the course of a century, the formation of a caldera is a rare event, occurring only a few times within a given window of 100 years. Only eight caldera-forming collapses are known to have ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Teddington, New Zealand
Teddington is a very small community on Banks Peninsula Banks Peninsula () is a rocky peninsula on the east coast of the South Island of New Zealand that was formed by two now-extinct volcanoes. It has an area of approximately . It includes two large deep-water harbours — Lyttelton Harbour a ... at the head of Lyttelton Harbour / Whakaraupō. It sits on the junction of the road to Gebbies Pass and the road from Purau to Christchurch. It dates back to the early settlers of Christchurch but is now reduced to a pub and a restored working blacksmith's forge. Tsunami An 1960 Valdivia earthquake, earthquake near Chile on 23 May 1960 caused a tsunami which crossed the Pacific to hit New Zealand. The tsunami was funnelled up Lyttelton Harbour and flooded low-lying farmland and the Wheatsheaf Tavern in Teddington. A similar event occurred in 2010 following an earthquake in Chile with three waves that were greater than two metres high inundating the head of the harbour arou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
