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Lo Bord Del Rei D'Arago
Lo Bord del rei d'Arago (, ),Modern Occitan spelling: ''Lo Bord del rei d'Aragon'', modern Catalan spelling: ''El Bord del rei d'Aragó''. literally "The Bastard of the King of Aragon", is the name assigned to the composer of three ''coblas'' in an Occitan chansonnier. ''Lo Bord'' wrote two ''peticions'' (or ''cobles ab resposta'', questions) and one ''remissio'' (''resposta'', response) to Rostanh Berenguier de Marselha, who also wrote a fourth ''peticion'' of his own to ''Lo bord'', but without a surviving response. This poem without a response, ''Pos de sa mar man cavalier del Temple'', contains internal clues permitting it to be dated to between 1291 and 1310.Martí de Riquer (1964), ''Història de la Literatura Catalana'', vol. 1 (Barcelona: Edicions Ariel), 185–86. All these ''coblas'' were edited and published by Paul Meyer in ''Les derniers troubadours de la Provence'' (Paris, 1871). The dates, the connexion through his interlocutor with Marseille, and the abundance of ill ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Occitan Language
Occitan (; oc, occitan, link=no ), also known as ''lenga d'òc'' (; french: langue d'oc) by its native speakers, and sometimes also referred to as ''Provençal'', is a Romance languages, Romance language spoken in Southern France, Monaco, Italy's Occitan Valleys, as well as Spain's Val d'Aran; collectively, these regions are sometimes referred to as Occitania, Occitània. It is also spoken in Calabria (Southern Italy) in a linguistic enclave of Cosenza area (mostly Guardia Piemontese). Some include Catalan language, Catalan in Occitan, as the Linguistic distance, distance between this language and some Occitan dialects (such as the Gascon language) is similar to the distance between different Occitan dialects. Catalan was considered a dialect of Occitan until the end of the 19th century and still today remains its closest relative. Occitan is an official language of Catalonia, where a subdialect of Gascon known as Aranese dialect, Aranese is spoken in the Val d'Aran. Since Sept ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catalan Language
Catalan (; autonym: , ), known in the Valencian Community and Carche as ''Valencian'' (autonym: ), is a Western Romance language. It is the official language of Andorra, and an official language of three autonomous communities in eastern Spain: Catalonia, the Valencian Community, and the Balearic Islands. It also has semi-official status in the Italian comune of Alghero. It is also spoken in the Pyrénées-Orientales department of France and in two further areas in eastern Spain: the eastern strip of Aragon and the Carche area in the Region of Murcia. The Catalan-speaking territories are often called the or "Catalan Countries". The language evolved from Vulgar Latin in the Middle Ages around the eastern Pyrenees. Nineteenth-century Spain saw a Catalan literary revival, culminating in the early 1900s. Etymology and pronunciation The word ''Catalan'' is derived from the territorial name of Catalonia, itself of disputed etymology. The main theory suggests that (Latin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Legitimacy (family Law)
Legitimacy, in traditional Western common law, is the status of a child born to parents who are legally married to each other, and of a child conceived before the parents obtain a legal divorce. Conversely, ''illegitimacy'', also known as ''bastardy'', has been the status of a child born outside marriage, such a child being known as a bastard, a love child, a natural child, or illegitimate. In Scots law, the terms natural son and natural daughter bear the same implications. The importance of legitimacy has decreased substantially in Western countries since the sexual revolution of the 1960s and 1970s and the declining influence of conservative Christian churches in family and social life. Births outside marriage now represent a large majority in many countries of Western Europe and the Americas, as well as in many former European colonies. In many Western-influenced cultures, stigma based on parents' marital status, and use of the word ''bastard'', are now widely consider ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
King Of Aragon
This is a list of the kings and queens of Aragon. The Kingdom of Aragon was created sometime between 950 and 1035 when the County of Aragon, which had been acquired by the Kingdom of Navarre in the tenth century, was separated from Navarre in accordance with the will of King Sancho III (1004–35). In 1164, the marriage of the Aragonese princess Petronila (Kingdom of Aragon) and the Catalan count Ramon Berenguer IV (County of Barcelona) created a dynastic union from which what modern historians call ''the Crown of Aragon'' was born. In the thirteenth century the kingdoms of Valencia, Majorca and Sicily were added to the Crown, and in the fourteenth the Kingdom of Sardinia and Corsica. The Crown of Aragon continued to exist until 1713 when its separate constitutional systems ( Catalan Constitutions, Aragon ''Fueros'', and Furs of Valencia) were swept away in the ''Nueva Planta'' decrees at the end of the War of the Spanish Succession. Jiménez dynasty, 1035–1164 With th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coblas
A ''cobla esparsa'' ( literally meaning "scattered stanza") in Old Occitan is the name used for a single-stanza poem in troubadour poetry. They constitute about 15% of the troubadour output, and they are the dominant form among late (after 1220) authors like Bertran Carbonel and Guillem de l'Olivier.Simon Gaunt and Sarah Kay, edd. (1999), ''The Troubadours: An Introduction'' (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ). The term ''cobla triada'' is used by modern scholars to indicate a ''cobla'' taken from a longer poem and let stand on its own, but its original medieval meaning was a ''cobla esparsa'' taken from a larger collection of such poems, since ''coblas esparsas'' were usually presented in large groupings. Sometimes, two authors would write a cobla esparsa each, in a ''cobla'' exchange; this corresponds, in a shorter form, to the earlier ''tenso'' or ''partimen''.Martín de Riquer (1964), Història de la Literatura Catalana, vol. 1 (Barcelona: Ariel), 509ff. Whether such excha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chansonnier
A chansonnier ( ca, cançoner, oc, cançonièr, Galician and pt, cancioneiro, it, canzoniere or ''canzoniéro'', es, cancionero) is a manuscript or printed book which contains a collection of chansons, or polyphonic and monophonic settings of songs, hence literally " song-books"; however, some manuscripts are called chansonniers even though they preserve the text but not the music, for example, the Cancioneiro da Vaticana and Cancioneiro da Biblioteca Nacional, which contain the bulk of Galician-Portuguese lyrics. The most important chansonniers contain lyrics, poems and songs of the troubadours and trouvères used in the medieval music. Prior to 1420, many song-books contained both sacred and secular music, one exception being those containing the work of Guillaume de Machaut. Around 1420, sacred and secular music was segregated into separate sources, with large choirbooks containing sacred music, and smaller chansonniers for more private use by the privileged. Chansonniers ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rostanh Berenguier De Marselha
Rostanh or Rostaing Berenguier de Marselha was an early fourteenth-century troubadour and Hospitaller from Marseille. He was a friend of the Grand Master Folco del Vilaret. The earliest biographical notice we have about Rostanh is the brief but unreliable biography in Jean de Nostredame. He is one of only three known troubadours to compose ''estampidas'', the others being Raimbaut de Vaqueiras (who composed the first one, ''Kalenda maia'') and Cerverí de Girona (who composed four).Chambers, 215–17. Rostanh composed only one: ''La dousa paria''. His songs are preserved in the manuscript called "Giraud", where the first one is a long ''canso The Civil Air Navigation Services Organisation (CANSO) is a representative body of companies that provide air traffic control. It represents the interests of Air Navigation Service Providers (ANSPs). CANSO members are responsible for supporting ov ...'' in honour of his patron Folco. Notes References *Frank M. Chambers (1985), ''An Introdu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Martí De Riquer
Martí is a Catalan name and may refer to: People Surname *Cristóbal Martí (born 1903), Spanish footballer *David Martí (born 1971), Spanish Oscar winner for best makeup * Enriqueta Martí (1868–1913), Spanish "witch" * Farabundo Martí (1893–1932), Salvadoran revolutionary * Fernando Martí (c. 1994–2008), Mexican kidnap and murder victim * Inka Martí (born 1964), Spanish journalist, editor, writer, and photographer *Javier Martí (born 1992), Spanish tennis player * Jesús Martí Martín (1899–1975), Spanish architect who migrated to Mexico *José Luis Martí (born 1975), Spanish footballer * Joan Martí i Alanis (1928–2009), co-prince of Andorra *José Martí (1853–1895), Cuban national hero and poet * Josep Maria Martí (born 2005), Spanish racing driver * Juan José Martí (1570–1604), Spanish Golden Age novelist *Marcel Martí (1925–2010), Argentine-born sculptor *Nerea Martí (born 2002), Spanish racing driver *Paula Martí (born 1980), Spanish golfer Giv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
James I Of Aragon
James I the Conqueror ( es, Jaime el Conquistador, ca, Jaume el Conqueridor; 2 February 1208 – 27 July 1276) was King of Aragon and Lord of Montpellier from 1213 to 1276; King of Majorca from 1231 to 1276; and Valencia from 1238 to 1276 and Count of Barcelona. His long reign—the longest of any Iberian monarch—saw the expansion of the Crown of Aragon in three directions: Languedoc to the north, the Balearic Islands to the southeast, and Valencia to the south. By a treaty with Louis IX of France, he achieved the renunciation of any possible claim of French suzerainty over the County of Barcelona and the other Catalan counties, while he renounced northward expansion and taking back the once Catalan territories in Occitania and vassal counties loyal to the County of Barcelona, lands that were lost by his father Peter II of Aragon in the Battle of Muret during the Albigensian Crusade and annexed by the Kingdom of France, and then decided to turn south. His great part i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peter III Of Aragon
Peter III of Aragon ( November 1285) was King of Aragon, King of Valencia (as ), and Count of Barcelona (as ) from 1276 to his death. At the invitation of some rebels, he conquered the Kingdom of Sicily and became King of Sicily in 1282, pressing the claim of his wife, Constance II of Sicily, uniting the kingdom to the crown. Youth and succession Peter was the eldest son of James I of Aragon and his second wife Violant of Hungary. Among opportunistic betrothals of his youth, he was betrothed to Eudoxia Laskarina, the youngest daughter of Theodoros II Laskaris, in or before 1260 (''claim not substantiated''). This contract was dissolved, however, after Eudoxia's brother lost the imperial throne in 1261, and Eudoxia was instead married to the Count of Tenda. On 13 June 1262, Peter married Constance II of Sicily, daughter and heiress of Manfred of Sicily. During his youth and early adulthood, Peter gained a great deal of military experience in his father's wars of the ''Reconq ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sogorb
Segorbe is a municipality in the mountainous coastal province of Castelló, autonomous community of Valencia, Spain. The former Palace of the Dukes of Medinaceli now houses the city's mayor. Segorbe's bull-running week (''semana de Toros'') in September attracts 200,000 visitors each year. Geography The municipal district area is crossed by the Palancia River from north west to south east. It is located on the natural way from Aragón to Valencian Community, between the Serra d'Espadà on the north and Serra Calderona on the south. The urban area is located at 358 m height, placed over two hills emerging from the bank of the river. History The area of Segorbe was inhabited as early as the mid-Palaeolithic Age, as testified by archaeological remains. Segorbe was once identified as the ancient ''Segobriga'', described by Pliny the Elder as the capital of Celtiberia. However, archaeological excavations have uncovered an extensive Roman city in La Mancha which has been ident ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Goliard
The goliards were a group of generally young clergy in Europe who wrote satirical Latin poetry in the 12th and 13th centuries of the Middle Ages. They were chiefly clerics who served at or had studied at the universities of France, Germany, Spain, Italy, and England, who protested against the growing contradictions within the church through song, poetry and performance. Disaffected and not called to the religious life, they often presented such protests within a structured setting associated with carnival, such as the Feast of Fools, or church liturgy. Etymology The derivation of the word is uncertain. It may come from the Latin ''gula,'' gluttony. It may also originate from a mythical "Bishop Golias," a medieval Latin form of the name Goliath, the giant who fought King David in the Bible—thus suggestive of the monstrous nature of the goliard. Another source may be ''gailliard,'' a "gay fellow". Many scholars believe the term ''goliard'' is derived from a letter between Ber ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
