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Lithophragma Glabra
''Lithophragma'' is a genus of flowering plants in the saxifrage family containing about nine species native to western North America. These plants are known generally as woodland stars. The petals of the flowers are usually bright white with deep, long lobes or teeth. Each petal may look like three to five petals, when at closer inspection the lobes fuse into a single petal at its base. Most species reproduce via bulblets instead of seeds. ''L. maximum'' is a federally listed endangered species. ''Lithophragma'' specifically coevolved with moths of the genus ''Greya'', who pollinate and only lay eggs on ''Lithophragma'' plants. Species There are 9 species. The Flora of North America North of Mexico counts 10 species, elevating ''L. parviflorum'' var. ''trifoliatum'' to species status, but the Jepson Manual considers it to be a variety of ''L. parviflorum'' restricted to California. *''Lithophragma affine'' - San Francisco woodland star *''Lithophragma bolanderi'' - Bolander' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas Nuttall
Thomas Nuttall (5 January 1786 – 10 September 1859) was an England, English botany, botanist and zoologist who lived and worked in America from 1808 until 1841. Nuttall was born in the village of Long Preston, near Settle, North Yorkshire, Settle in the West Riding of Yorkshire and spent some years as an apprentice printer in England. Soon after going to the United States he met professor Benjamin Smith Barton in Philadelphia. Barton encouraged his strong interest in natural history. Early explorations in the United States In 1810 he travelled to the Great Lakes and in 1811 travelled on the Astor Expedition led by William Price Hunt on behalf of John Jacob Astor up the Missouri River. Nuttall was accompanied by the English botanist John Bradbury (naturalist), John Bradbury, who was collecting plants on behalf of Liverpool botanical gardens. Nuttall and Bradbury left the party at the trading post with the Arikara Indians in South Dakota, and continued farther upriver with Rams ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lithophragma Bolanderi
''Lithophragma bolanderi'' is a species of flowering plant in the saxifrage family known by the common name Bolander's woodland star. It is endemic to California, where it is known from several mountain ranges, including the North Coast Ranges, the foothills of the Sierra Nevada, and the San Gabriel Mountains. It grows in many types of open habitat. It is a rhizomatous perennial herb growing erect or leaning with a tall naked flowering stem. The leaves are located on the lower part of the stem, each divided into rounded lobes. The stem bears up to 25 flowers, each in a cuplike calyx of red or green sepal A sepal () is a part of the flower of angiosperms (flowering plants). Usually green, sepals typically function as protection for the flower in bud, and often as support for the petals when in bloom., p. 106 The term ''sepalum'' was coined b ...s. The five petals are white, under one centimeter long, and toothed or smooth along the edges. External linksJepson Manual Treatm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lithophragma Tenellum
''Lithophragma tenellum'' is a species of flowering plant in the saxifrage family known by the common name slender woodland star. It is native to much of western North America from British Columbia to California to New Mexico, where it grows in several types of open habitat. It is a rhizomatous perennial herb growing erect or leaning with a naked flowering stem. The leaves are mainly located low on the stem, each divided into three toothed lobes. The stem bears 3 to 12 flowers, each in a cuplike calyx of red or green sepal A sepal () is a part of the flower of angiosperms (flowering plants). Usually green, sepals typically function as protection for the flower in bud, and often as support for the petals when in bloom., p. 106 The term ''sepalum'' was coined b ...s. The five petals are white or pink, up to 7 millimeters long, and lined with several lobes or teeth. External linksJepson Manual Treatment [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lithophragma Maximum
''Lithophragma maximum'', known by the common name San Clemente Island woodland star, is a rare species of flowering plant in the saxifrage family. It is endemic to San Clemente Island, one of the eight Channel Islands of California. It is known from only about four kilometers of rocky coastal cliffs on the edge of the island.Furches, M.S., et al. (2009)High genetic divergence characterizes populations of the endemic plant ''Lithophragma maximum'' (Saxifragaceae) on San Clemente Island ''Conservation Genetics'' 10:115-26. The plant was thought to be extinct until a few specimens were rediscovered in 1979.USFWSDetermination of Endangered Status for Three Plants from the Channel Islands of Southern California.Federal Register. August 8, 1997. Only 200 individuals were tallied in a 1996 survey. In 1997 the plant was listed as an endangered species on the federal level. Description ''Lithophragma maximum'' is a rhizomatous perennial herb growing erect or leaning with a slender naked ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lithophragma Heterophyllum
''Lithophragma heterophyllum'', commonly known as hillside woodland star, is a species of flowering plant in the saxifrage family found in the western United States. It is native to the coastal mountain ranges of California, where it can generally be found in shady habitat. It is a rhizomatous perennial herb growing erect or leaning with a slender naked flowering stem. The leaves are located on the lower part of the stem, each divided into rounded lobes. The stem bears 3 to 12 flowers, each in a cuplike calyx of red or green sepal A sepal () is a part of the flower of angiosperms (flowering plants). Usually green, sepals typically function as protection for the flower in bud, and often as support for the petals when in bloom., p. 106 The term ''sepalum'' was coined b ...s. The five petals are white, up to 1.2 centimeters long, and usually divided into about three pointed lobes. External linksJepson Manual Treatment [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lithophragma Glabrum
''Lithophragma glabrum'' is a slender perennial western North American mountain plant in the Saxifrage family (Saxifragaceae), known by the common names bulbous woodland star, bulbiferous prairie-star, smooth woodland star, and smooth rockstar.Sierra Nevada Wildflowers, Karen Wiese, 2nd ed, 2013, p. 90 Habitat and range It is native to western North America from British Columbia to California and Saskatchewan to Colorado, where it grows in many types of habitat. Growth pattern It is a rhizomatous perennial herb growing erect or leaning with a slender glandular-pubescent flowering stem. Leaves and stems The small leaves are mostly located on the lower part of the stem. Each is cut into five deep fingerlike lobes or divided into five leaflets which may be toothed. Inflorescence and fruit The stem bears 1 to 7 flowers, each in a cuplike calyx of hairy red or green sepals. The five petals are white or pink-tinged, up to about 7 millimeters long, and divided into several, often f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lithophragma Cymbalaria
''Lithophragma cymbalaria'' is a species of flowering plant in the saxifrage family known by the common name mission woodland star. It is endemic to California, where it is known from moist, shady habitat in the California Coast Ranges and canyons from the San Francisco Bay Area to the Transverse Ranges in the Los Angeles region, and the northern Channel Islands of California. Description ''Lithophragma cymbalaria'' is a rhizomatous perennial herb growing erect or leaning with a slender naked flowering stem. The small leaves are mostly located on the lower part of the stem, each divided into three rounded lobes. The stem bears 2 to 8 flowers, each in a cuplike calyx of red or green sepals. The five petals are white, under one centimeter long, and smooth along the edges or very shallowly toothed. External linksJepson Manual Treatment [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lithophragma Campanulatum
''Lithophragma campanulatum'' is a species of flowering plant in the saxifrage family known by the common name Siskiyou Mountain woodland star. It is native to southern Oregon and northern California, where it grows in the forests and woods of the mountains. It is a rhizomatous perennial herb growing erect or leaning with a tall naked flowering stem. The leaves are mostly located on the lower part of the stem, each divided into rounded lobes, sometimes narrowed into teeth. The stem bears 2 to 11 flowers, each in a cuplike calyx of red or green sepal A sepal () is a part of the flower of angiosperms (flowering plants). Usually green, sepals typically function as protection for the flower in bud, and often as support for the petals when in bloom., p. 106 The term ''sepalum'' was coined b ...s. The five petals are white, under one centimeter long, and divided into irregular toothlike lobes. External linksJepson Manual Treatment [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lithophragma Affine
''Lithophragma affine'' is a species of flowering plant in the saxifrage family known by the common name San Francisco woodland star. It is native to the coast of western North America from Oregon to Baja California, where it grows in open habitat on mountain slopes, hills, and canyonsides. It is a rhizomatous perennial herb growing erect or leaning with a tall naked flowering stem. The leaves are located on the lower part of the stem, each divided into sharp-pointed lobes. The stem bears up to 15 widely spaced flowers, each in a cuplike calyx of red or green sepals. The five petals are bright white, up to 1.3 centimeters long, and divided into three toothlike lobes at the tips. External linksJepson Manual Treatment |
John Torrey
John Torrey (August 15, 1796 – March 10, 1873) was an American botany, botanist, chemist, and physician. Throughout much of his career, he was a teacher of chemistry, often at multiple universities, while he also pursued botanical work, focusing on the flora of North America. His most renowned works include studies of the New York flora, the Mexican Boundary, the Pacific railroad surveys, and the uncompleted ''Flora of North America''. Biography Torrey was born in New York City, the second child of Capt. William and Margaret (née Nichols) Torrey.Robbins, C. C. (1968). John Torrey (1796–1873), His Life & Times. ''Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club''. Vol. 95, No. Nov. 6–Dec. 1968, 515–645. Torrey Botanical Club, New York. He showed a fondness for mechanics, and at one time planned to become a machinist. When he was 15 or 16, his father received an appointment to the state prison at Greenwich Village, New York, where he was tutored by Amos Eaton, then a pri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lithophragma Parviflorum
''Lithophragma parviflorum'' is a species of flowering plant in the saxifrage family known by the common name smallflower woodland star. It is native to much of western North America from British Columbia to California to South Dakota and Nebraska, where it grows in several types of open habitat. It is a rhizomatous perennial herb growing erect or leaning with a naked flowering stem. The leaves are mainly located low on the stem, each cut into three lobes or divided into three lobed leaflets. The stem bears up to 14 flowers, each in a cuplike calyx of red or green sepals. The five petals are bright white, up to 1.6 centimeters long, and usually divided into three toothlike lobes. Its bulblets may produce toxins capable of poisoning livestock, although rodents eat them with no known adverse effects. Varieties The Flora of North America North of Mexico considers ''L. parviflorum'' var. ''trifoliatum'' to be a separate species endemic to California. But the Jepson Manual ''The J ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jepson Manual
''The Jepson Manual'' is a flora of the vascular plants that are either native to or naturalized in California. Botanists often refer to the book simply as ''Jepson''. It is produced by the University and Jepson Herbaria, of the University of California, Berkeley. Its second edition is the basis of the online Jepson eFlora. History *1923: Willis Linn Jepson – ''Manual of the Flowering Plants of California'' *1958, 1968: Philip Alexander Munz – ''A California Flora and Supplement'' *1993: James Craig Hickman (editor) – ''The Jepson Manual, Higher Plants of California'' (TJM93) *2012: Bruce Gregg Baldwin – ''The Jepson Manual: Vascular Plants of California, 2nd edition'' (TJM2) *2010−ongoing: The Jepson Online Interchange for California Floristics − Jepson eFlora (TJM2) – ''online''. Preceding works ''The Jepson Manual'' also follows Philip A. Munz and David D. Keck in their ''A California Flora and Supplement'' of 1958 and 1968. Like other florae, ''The Jepson ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
