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List Of Recipients Of The Stalin Prize
The State Stalin Prize, usually called the Stalin Prize, existed from 1941 to 1954, although some sources give a termination date of 1952. It essentially played the same role; therefore upon the establishment of the USSR State Prize, the diplomas and badges of the recipients of Stalin Prize were changed to that of USSR State Prize. Recipients of the Stalin Prize in science and engineering by year 1941 * Adela Rosenthal: mathematics * Abram Alikhanov: physics * Alexander E. Braunstein: biochemistry * Nikolai Burdenko: neurosurgery * Mikhail Gurevich: aeronautical engineering * Sergey Ilyushin: aeronautical engineering * Aleksandr Khinchin: mathematics * Andrey Kolmogorov: mathematics * Semyon Lavochkin: aeronautical engineering * Mikhail Loginov: artillery design * Trofim Lysenko: biology * Dmitry Maksutov: astronomic optics * Vladimir Obruchev: geology * Evgeny Paton: electrical welding * Nikolai Polikarpov: aeronautical engineering * Nikolay Semyonov: chemical physics * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
State Stalin Prize
The USSR State Prize (russian: links=no, Государственная премия СССР, Gosudarstvennaya premiya SSSR) was the Soviet Union's state honor. It was established on 9 September 1966. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the prize was followed up by the State Prize of the Russian Federation. The State Stalin Prize ( Государственная Сталинская премия, ''Gosudarstvennaya Stalinskaya premiya''), usually called the Stalin Prize, existed from 1941 to 1954, although some sources give a termination date of 1952. It essentially played the same role; therefore upon the establishment of the USSR State Prize, the diplomas and badges of the recipients of Stalin Prize were changed to that of USSR State Prize. In 1944 and 1945, the last two years of the Second World War, the award ceremonies for the Stalin Prize were not held. Instead, in 1946 the ceremony was held twice: in January for the works created in 1943–1944 and in June for the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sergei Sobolev
Prof Sergei Lvovich Sobolev (russian: Серге́й Льво́вич Со́болев) H FRSE (6 October 1908 – 3 January 1989) was a Soviet mathematician working in mathematical analysis and partial differential equations. Sobolev introduced notions that are now fundamental for several areas of mathematics. Sobolev spaces can be defined by some growth conditions on the Fourier transform. They and their embedding theorems are an important subject in functional analysis. Generalized functions (later known as distributions) were first introduced by Sobolev in 1935 for weak solutions, and further developed by Laurent Schwartz. Sobolev abstracted the classical notion of differentiation, so expanding the range of application of the technique of Newton and Leibniz. The theory of distributions is considered now as the calculus of the modern epoch. Life He was born in St. Petersburg as the son of Lev Alexandrovich Sobolev, a lawyer, and his wife, Natalya Georgievna. His city was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sergei Rubinstein
Sergei Leonidovich Rubinstein (Russian: Сергей Леонидович Рубинштейн; 18 June 1889 – 11 January 1960) was a Soviet psychologist and philosopher and one of the founders of the Marxist tradition in Soviet psychology.Yasnitsky, A. (2020). Sergei Rubinstein as the founder of Soviet Marxist psychology: “Problems of Psychology in the Works of Karl Marx” (1934) and beyond. In: Yasnitsky, A. (Ed.) (2020). A History of Marxist Psychology: The Golden Age of Soviet Science (Routledge/Taylor & Francis) (BOOK PREVIEW') The pioneer of distinct tradition of "activity approach" in Soviet and, subsequently, international psychology. Life Sergei Leonidovich Rubinstein was born on June 18, 1889, in Odessa to a Jewish family of a prominent local lawyer. Rubinstein studied in Germany from 1909 to 1913 at the universities of Freiburg and Marburg and received his education in philosophy under the guidance of Hermann Cohen and Paul Natorp, the intellectual leaders of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leonid Isaakovich Mandelstam
Leonid Isaakovich Mandelstam or Mandelshtam ( be, Леанід Ісаакавіч Мандэльштам; rus, Леонид Исаакович Мандельштам, p=lʲɪɐˈnʲit ɨsɐˈakəvʲɪtɕ mənʲdʲɪlʲˈʂtam, a=Ru-Leonid_Mandelstam.ogg, links=y; 4 May 1879 – 27 November 1944) was a Soviet physicist of Belarusian-Jewish background. Life Leonid Mandelstam was born in Mogilev, Russian Empire (now Belarus). He studied at the Novorossiya University in Odessa, but was expelled in 1899 due to political activities, and continued his studies at the University of Strasbourg. He remained in Strasbourg until 1914, and returned with the beginning of World War I. He was awarded the Stalin Prize in 1942. Mandelstam died in Moscow, USSR (now Russia). Scientific achievements The main emphasis of his work was broadly considered theory of oscillations, which included optics and quantum mechanics. He was a co-discoverer of inelastic ''combinational scattering of light'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mikhail Koshkin
Mikhail Ilyich Koshkin (Russian language, Russian: Михаи́л Ильи́ч Ко́шкин; 3 December 1898, Pereslavsky District, Brynchagi, Yaroslavl Oblast – 26 September 1940) was a Soviet Union, Soviet tank designer, chief designer of the famous T-34 medium tank. The T-34 was the most produced tank of World War II. He started out in life as a confectioner, but then studied engineering.Panther Vs T-34: Ukraine 1943 By Robert Forczyk, Osprey Publishing, 2007, , on Google Books/ref> In 1937, the Red Army assigned him to lead design bureau KB-190 to design a replacement for the BT tanks at the Kharkiv Komintern Locomotive Plant (KhPZ) in Kharkiv. Koshkin imagined the T-34 tank after BT tanks tested during the Spanish Civil War proved to be under-armored and prone to catching fire. Koshkin claimed that he named the tank “T-34” because he began to imagine designs for the tank in 1934. After the Soviet Army rejected his prototype, Koshkin began privately assembling a test ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isaak Kikoin
Isaak Konstantinovich (Kushelevich) Kikoin (; 28 March 1908 – 28 December 28, 1984), , was a Soviet physicist of Lithuanian origin and an author of physics textbooks in Russian language who played an important role in the former Soviet program of nuclear weapons. Biography Kikoin was born in the town of Novye Zhagory (now Žagarė in Lithuania), Russian Empire. Kikoin was a Lithuanian Jew (orthodoxy) whose patronymic was also written as Kushelevich (Кушелевич; "son of Kushel"); and his parents were school teachers. During the World War I, his family was relocated from Latvia to Russia where he entered in ''gymnazium'' in Pskov, and upon graduation, he went to study physics at the Leningrad Polytechnic Institute in 1925. In 1930-31, he earned his specialist degree in physics and successfully defended his thesis on Photomagnetism for his ''Doktor Nauk'' in 1936. He taught physics at the Leningrad Polytechnic Institute, and his early work investigated the electrical ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mstislav Keldysh
Mstislav Vsevolodovich Keldysh (russian: Мстисла́в Все́володович Ке́лдыш; – 24 June 1978) was a Soviet mathematician who worked as an engineer in the Soviet space program. He was the academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union (1946), President of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union (1961–1975), three-time Hero of Socialist Labour (1956, 1961, 1971), and fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh (1968). He was one of the key figures behind the Soviet space program. Among scientific circles of the USSR Keldysh was known by the epithet "the Chief Theoretician" in analogy with epithet "the Chief Designer" used for Sergei Korolev. Family Keldysh was born to a professional family of Russian nobility. His grandfather, Mikhail Fomich Keldysh (1839–1920), was a military physician, who retired with the military rank of General. Keldysh's grandmother, Natalia Keldysh (née Brusilova), was a cousin of general Aleksei Brusilov. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ivan Grave
Ivan Platonovich Grave (''Иван Платонович Граве'' in Russian) ( in Kazan – March 3, 1960 in Moscow) was a Russian and Soviet scientist in the field of artillery, Doctor of Technical Sciences (1939), professor (1927), member of the Academy of Artillery Sciences (1947-1953), Major General of the Engineer Corps (1942). Ivan Grave graduated from the Mikhailovskoye Artillery School (1895) and Mikhailovskaya Artillery Academy (1900), where he would begin to teach four year later. In 1916, Grave invented a missile powered by smokeless powder and launched from mobile launchers, and first experiments of primitive liquid-fueled rockets, and therefore he is also known as father of '' Katyusha''. On July 14 of that year he files the patent request No. 746 for a rocket burning smokeless gunpowder, that is issued in 1924. In 1918, he participated in creating the RKKA Artillery Academy, where he would work as a head of studies and head of a department until 1943. Ivan G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aleksandr Danilovich Aleksandrov
Aleksandr Danilovich Aleksandrov (russian: Алекса́ндр Дани́лович Алекса́ндров, alternative transliterations: ''Alexandr'' or ''Alexander'' (first name), and ''Alexandrov'' (last name)) (4 August 1912 – 27 July 1999) was a Soviet/Russian mathematician, physicist, philosopher and mountaineer. Personal Life Aleksandr Aleksandrov was born in 1912 in Volyn, Ryazan Oblast. His father was a headmaster of a secondary school in St Petersburg and his mother a teacher at said school, thus the young Alekandrov spent a majority of his childhood in the city. His family was old Russian nobility—students noted ancestral portraits which hung in his office. His sisters were Soviet botanist Vera Danilovna Aleksandrov (RU) and Maria Danilovna Aleksandrova, author of the first monograph on gerontopsychology in the USSR. In 1937, he married a student of the Faculty of Physics, Marianna Leonidovna Georg. Together they had two children: Daria (b. 1948) and Daniil (R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Bogomolets
Oleksandr Oleksandrovych Bogomolets (russian: Алекса́ндр Алекса́ндрович Богомо́лец, uk, Олекса́ндр Олекса́ндрович Богомо́лець/Oleksandr Oleksandrovych Bohomolets; 24 May 1881 – 19 July 1946) was a Soviet and Ukrainian pathophysiologist. His father was the physician and revolutionary Oleksandr Mykhailovych Bogomolets (1850–1935). He was president of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and director of the Institute of clinical Physiology in Kyiv. His laboratories were located in Georgia, where he had a permanent research unit attached to the Academy of Sciences (1937). According to Zhores Medvedev, this was made possible by Stalin, who wanted members of the Experimental Institute to study the extension of life expectancy. He developed antireticular cytotoxic serum. In 1938, in Kyiv, Oleksandr Bogomolets convened the world’s first scientific conference on aging and longevity. Honours and awards ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Semyon Volfkovich
Semyon Isaakovich Volfkovich (russian: Семён Исаакович Вольфкович) (October 23, 1896 – November 12, 1980) was a Soviet chemist, technologist and member of the Soviet Academy of Sciences (1946). In 1941 he was awarded the Stalin Prize and in 1976 he received the Lomonosov Gold Medal The Lomonosov Gold Medal (russian: Большая золотая медаль имени М. В. Ломоносова ''Bol'shaya zolotaya medal' imeni M. V. Lomonosova''), named after Russian scientist and polymath Mikhail Lomonosov, is awarded .... (accessed 20 October 2022) References 1896 births 1980 deaths[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
