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List Of Marches
This is a list of marches. In the Middle Ages, marches were any type of borderland between realms, or a neutral zone under joint control of two states. Marches served a political purpose, such as providing warning of military incursions, or regulating cross-border trade. Northeastern marches At the beginning of his rule as king of Germany, Otto I tried to reorganize his realm to prepare an expansion to the East. At the beginning of the year 937, he created two marches: the March of the Billungen, given to Hermann Billung, later Duke of Saxony; and the Eastern march, given to Gero. In 961, when Billung became Duke of Saxony, his March was merged with the duchy. In the case of Gero, Otto I, now emperor, decided the division of his territories, greatly expanded since 937. * March of Billung (937-961): Carved from the Duchy of Saxony, then merged back. ** 937-961: Hermann Billung * Danish March, German buffer zone against the Danes * March of Gero, sometimes called Nordmark or Ostm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marches
In medieval Europe, a march or mark was, in broad terms, any kind of borderland, as opposed to a national "heartland". More specifically, a march was a border between realms or a neutral buffer zone under joint control of two states in which different laws might apply. In both of these senses, marches served a political purpose, such as providing warning of military incursions or regulating cross-border trade. Marches gave rise to titles such as marquess (masculine) or marchioness (feminine) in England, ''marqués'' (masculine) and ''marquesa'' (feminine) in Spanish-speaker countries, as well as in the Catalan and Galician regions, ''marquês'' (masculine) and ''marquesa'' (feminine) in Portuguese language, Portuguese-speaker countries, ''markesa'' (both masculine and feminine) in Basque Country (autonomous community), Euskadi, ''marquis'' (masculine) or ''marquise'' (feminine) in France in the Middle Ages, France and Scotland in the Middle Ages, Scotland, margrave (german: Mar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thietmar I
Thietmar (II) ( – 3 August 979) was Margrave of Meissen from about 976 until his death. Life Thietmar was the eldest of three brothers, all sons of Margrave Christian, count in the Saxon Eastern March, and his wife Hidda, sister of Margrave Gero the Great. His brothers were Archbishop Gero of Cologne and Margrave Odo of the Saxon Ostmark. Thietmar strengthened the ties with the mighty Billung dynasty by marrying Swanehilde (d. 1014), daughter of Margrave Hermann Billung, acting Duke of Saxony from 961. The couple had one son: Gero II, who in 993 would succeed Thietmar's brother, Odo, as Margrave of the Saxon Eastern March. In 951, he was first recorded when he succeeded his father as margrave in the '' Gau'' Serimunt. Between 951 and 978, he was also count in the Saxon Schwabengau. After the death of his uncle Gero the Great in 965, Thietmar inherited large parts of whose vast ''Marca Geronis'' and upon the death of Margrave Wigbert (before 976) received the Margraviate of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
March Of Neustria
The Marches of Neustria (french: Marches de Neustrie; br, Marz Neustria; Norman: ''Maurches de Neûtrie'') were two marches created in 861 by the Carolingian king of West Francia Charles the Bald. They were ruled by officials appointed by the Monarchy of France (or the Crown), known as wardens, prefects or margraves (french: marquis). One march, (the Breton March) was created as a buffer against the Bretons and the other (the Norman March) against the Norsemen. Ultimately, for the Breton March alone, some 29 strongholds across several 'provinces' were constructed or fortified and designated to serve as fortresses of the march. In 911, Robert I of France, the incumbent margrave of Breton March, was affirmed/appointed margrave of both marches by king Charles the Simple, and took the title ''demarchus''. His family, the later Capetians, ruled the whole of Neustria until 987, when Hugh Capet was elected King of the Franks. The subsidiary counts of Neustria had exceeded the margra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles The Bald
Charles the Bald (french: Charles le Chauve; 13 June 823 – 6 October 877), also known as Charles II, was a 9th-century king of West Francia (843–877), king of Italy (875–877) and emperor of the Carolingian Empire (875–877). After a series of civil wars during the reign of his father, Louis the Pious, Charles succeeded, by the Treaty of Verdun (843), in acquiring the western third of the empire. He was a grandson of Charlemagne and the youngest son of Louis the Pious by his second wife, Judith. Struggle against his brothers He was born on 13 June 823 in Frankfurt, when his elder brothers were already adults and had been assigned their own ''regna'', or subkingdoms, by their father. The attempts made by Louis the Pious to assign Charles a subkingdom, first Alemannia and then the country between the Meuse and the Pyrenees (in 832, after the rising of Pepin I of Aquitaine) were unsuccessful. The numerous reconciliations with the rebellious Lothair and Pepin, as well as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Margraviate Of Landsberg
The Margraviate of Landsberg (german: Mark Landsberg) was a march of the Holy Roman Empire that existed from the 13th to the 14th century under the rule of the Wettin dynasty. It was named after Landsberg Castle in present-day Saxony-Anhalt. Geography The territory located in the historic Osterland region comprised the westernmost part of the March of Lusatia (Saxon Eastern March) between the rivers Saale and Mulde. It comprised the margravial fortress of Landsberg and the nearby town of Delitzsch, as well as the adjacent Leipzig area formerly part of the Margraviate of Meissen. It stretched down to the former County of Groitzsch in the south, and up to Sangerhausen in the west, including the town of Weißenfels which became the margravial residence. It also comprised the castle of Grimma and the former Pleissnerland town of Zwickau. History Upon the death of Margrave Conrad in 1156, the Wettin domains of Meissen and Lusatia were re-arranged. Conrad's younger son Margrave ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wigger I
Wigger I (died 981) was the father of a line of counts ruling from his new castle of Bilstein, west of Albungen (today part of Eschwege) to the Werra. The counts of Bilstein played a prominent role in Thuringia from 967 to 1301 and were third after the Ekkehardinger and Weimar-Orlamünde in terms of power and influence. Wigger was probably the second son of Siegfried, Count of Merseburg, and thus a nephew of Gero the Great. On his uncle's death in 965, he was granted the March of Zeitz. For a time he was also the Margrave of Merseburg and possible also of the March of Meissen. He had extensive estates — Langensalza, Mühlhausen, Schlotheim, Frieda, Dornburg an der Saale, and Eschwege — and comital authority in the Eichsfeld and the middle Werra. He was count of the Germarmark (east of Mühlhausen), Weitagau, and Ducharingau (area of Zeitz and Naumburg). He was also the advocate (''vogt'') of the Diocese of Zeitz. He was a faithful follower of the Ottonians. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
March Of Zeitz
The March of Zeitz (german: Mark Zeitz) was a march of the Holy Roman Empire. It was created by Emperor Otto I in the division of the ''marca Geronis'' in 965, following the death of Gero the Great. Its capital was Zeitz. Its first and only margrave was Wigger. In 982, Zeitz was reunited with the marches of Meissen and Merseburg under Ricdag, who thus temporarily reunited all of the southern ''marca Geronis'' save the Saxon Ostmark. In 983, Zeitz was overrun by the Sorbs and the marcher territory fell into the hands of the Slavs. Nevertheless, the march of Zeitz, along with the later March of Lusatia, was a recurring division of the Meissen march during the reign of the Emperor Henry II. Sources * Thompson, James Westfall. ''Feudal Germany, Volume II''. New York: Frederick Ungar Publishing Co., 1928. *Bernhardt, John W. ''Itinerant Kingship and Royal Monasteries in Early Medieval Germany, c. 936–1075''. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993. {{coord missing, Germany ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gunther, Margrave Of Merseburg
Gunther (german: Günther; died 13 July 982) was the Margrave of March of Merseburg, Merseburg from 965 until his death, upon which the march of Merseburg was united to that of March of Meissen, Meissen. Gunther was a scion of the Ekkeharding noble family first recorded around Naumburg, which may be affiliated with the Ottonian dynasty. In 962, he was already regarded as a margrave in the newly created Archbishopric of Magdeburg, Diocese of Magdeburg, alongside Count Wigger I, Wigger of Bilstein and Wigbert, Margrave of Meissen, Wigbert. He was appointed to the newly created Merseburger march by Emperor Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor, Otto I following the death of Margrave Gero, Gero the Great in 965, after which the ''Marca Geronis'' was split in several smaller parts. The establishment of the march was followed by the Bishopric of Merseburg, Merseburg diocese under Bishop Boso of Merseburg, Boso in 968. Gunther supported Duke Henry II, Duke of Bavaria, Henry II the Quarrelsome of Ba ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
March Of Merseburg
{{Unreferenced, date=June 2019, bot=noref (GreenC bot) The March of Merseburg (german: Mark Merseburg) was a short-lived march of the Holy Roman Empire. It comprised the lands of the Polabian Slavs beyond the margravial residence at Merseburg on the Saale river. Like the neighbouring marches of Meissen and Zeitz, the Merseburg march was created by Emperor Otto I in the division of the vast ''Marca Geronis'' east of the Elbe and Saale rivers, following the death of Margrave Gero in 965. Merseburg, located in the Hassegau on the eastern border of the Saxon duchy, had been the site of a fortress and a ''Königspfalz'' built at the behest of King Henry the Fowler from about 919. The first and only margrave at Merseburg was Gunther who had rendered services accompanying Otto on his Italian campaigns. However, when Gunther participated in the revolt of Duke Henry II of Bavaria, he was deposed as margrave in 976 and lost his territory to Margrave Thietmar of Meissen. Shortly before his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ekkehard I
Ekkehard I ( la, Eccehardus; died 14 January 973), called ''Major'' or ''Senex'' (the Elder), was a monk of the Abbey of Saint Gall. He was of noble birth, of the Jonschwyl family in Toggenburg, and was educated in the monastery of St. Gall; after joining the Benedictine Order, he was appointed director of the inner school there. Later, under Abbot Kralo, who trusted him implicitly, he was elected dean of the monastery, and for a while directed all the affairs of the abbey. Ekkehard made a pilgrimage to Rome, where he was retained for a time by Pope John XII, who presented him with various relics of St. John the Baptist. After Kralo's death Ekkehard refused the abbatial succession, because of lameness resulting from a fractured leg. However, he directed the choice of Burkard, son of Count Ulrich of Buchhorn, who governed St. Gall with the advice and co-operation of Ekkehard. The latter erected a hospice in front of the monastery for the sick and strangers, and was in many other ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rikdag
Rikdag, also called Ricdag, Riddag, or Rihdag (died 985), was Margrave of Meissen from 979 until his death. In 982, he also acquired the marches of Merseburg and Zeitz. After the Great Slav Rising in 983, he temporarily reunited all of the southern ''marca Geronis'' under his command. His march included the territory of the Chutizi and Dolomici tribes. Life Rikdag possibly is a progenitor of the House of Wettin, the son of Volkmar I (d. before 961), a Saxon count in the Harzgau. He is mentioned as an agnatic relative of Theodoric I of Wettin, who was raised at the Meissen court, however, the exact circumstances of their family relationship are not known. Ricdag's daughter, Oda or Hunilda, married Boleslaus I the Brave, who later became the King of Poland. However, this marriage alliance was cut short by the interests of power politics. Rikdag was documented as a count in the Schwabengau region of Eastphalia. In 979 he followed Margrave Thietmar in the Margraviate of Meissen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wigbert
Saint Wigbert, (Wihtberht) (May 7, 675 - August 13, 747) born in Wessex around 675, was an Anglo-Saxon Benedictine monk and a missionary and disciple of Saint Boniface who travelled with the latter in Frisia and northern and central Germany to convert the local tribes to Christianity. His feast day is August 13. Life Wihtberht was an Englishman of noble birth, who embraced the monastic life. It has been supposed that Wihtberht was a monk of Glastonbury, but Löffler finds this improbable. Character At times an anchorite,Bede.HE v.9 and hermit he was known for his missionary work, miracles and prophecies.Alcuin.VersEubor 1023-4 He is known to history mainly through Alcuin and Bede and is mentioned in the Secgan Hagiography. Alcuin described him as venerable,Alcuin.VitWillibrPr 4. and outstanding in his religious practice while Bede admired his ''contempt of this world'' and his learning. He worked mainly in Ireland. First mission Around 664 Wihtberht was studying at Rath Mel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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