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List Of Mammals Of Croatia
This list shows the IUCN Red List status of mammal species occurring in Croatia. Seven of them are vulnerable and four are near threatened. The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed on the respective IUCN Red List published by the International Union for Conservation of Nature: Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of near threatened and least concern categories: Order: Rodentia (rodents) Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to . ***Family: Castoridae (beavers) ****Genus: '' Castor'' *****Eurasian beaver, ''C. fiber'' ***Family: Echimyidae ****Genus: ''Myocastor'' *****Nutria, ''M. coypus'' introduced ***Family: Sciuridae (squirrels) ****Su ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
IUCN Red List
The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species, also known as the IUCN Red List or Red Data Book, founded in 1964, is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of biological species. It uses a set of precise criteria to evaluate the extinction risk of thousands of species and subspecies. These criteria are relevant to all species and all regions of the world. With its strong scientific base, the IUCN Red List is recognized as the most authoritative guide to the status of biological diversity. A series of Regional Red Lists are produced by countries or organizations, which assess the risk of extinction to species within a political management unit. The aim of the IUCN Red List is to convey the urgency of conservation issues to the public and policy makers, as well as help the international community to reduce species extinction. According to IUCN the formally stated goals of the Red List are to provi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Echimyidae
Echimyidae is the family of neotropical spiny rats and their fossil relatives. This is the most species-rich family of hystricognath rodents. It is probably also the most ecologically diverse, with members ranging from fully arboreal to terrestrial to fossorial to semiaquatic habits. They presently exist mainly in South America; three members of the family also range into Central America, and the hutias are found in the Greater Antilles in the Caribbean. Species of the extinct subfamily Heteropsomyinae formerly lived on Cuba, Hispaniola, and Puerto Rico in the Antilles, probably until the arrival of Europeans. Characteristics In general form, most spiny rats resemble rats, although they are more closely related to guinea pigs and chinchillas. Most species have stiff, pointed hairs, or spines, that presumably serve for protection from predators. Many echimyids can break off their tails when attacked. This action may confuse predators long enough for the spiny rat to es ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Ground Squirrel
The European ground squirrel (''Spermophilus citellus''), also known as the European souslik, is a species from the squirrel family, Sciuridae. It is among the few European species in the genus ''Spermophilus''. Like all squirrels, it is a member of the rodent order. It is to be found in eastern Europe from southern Ukraine, to Asia Minor, Austria, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Serbia, Greece, Romania, Bulgaria, North Macedonia and north as far as Poland but the range is divided in two parts by the Carpathian Mountains. The European ground squirrel grows to a length of approximately and a weight of approximately . It is a diurnal animal, living in colonies of individual burrows in pastures or grassy embankments. The squirrels emerge during the day to feed upon seeds, plant shoots and roots or flightless invertebrates. The colonies maintain sentinels who whistle at the sight of a predator, bringing the pack scurrying back to safety. Breeding takes place in early summer when a sin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spermophilus
''Spermophilus'' is a genus of ground squirrels in the Sciuridae, squirrel family. As traditionally defined the genus was very species-rich, ranging through Europe, Asia and North America, but this arrangement was found to be paraphyletic to the certainly distinct prairie dogs, marmots, and antelope squirrels. As a consequence, all the former ''Spermophilus'' species of North America have been moved to other genera, leaving the European and Asian species as true ''Spermophilus'' (the only exceptions are two Asian ''Urocitellus''). Some species are sometimes called susliks (or sousliks). This name comes from Russian :ru:Суслики, суслик, ''suslik''. In some languages, a derivative of the name is in common usage, for example ''suseł'' in Polish. The scientific name of this genus means "seed-lovers" (gr. σπέρμα ''sperma'', genitive σπέρματος ''spermatos'' – seed; φίλος ''philos'' – friend, lover). Habitat and behavior As typical ground squirr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alpine Marmot
The alpine marmot (''Marmota marmota'') is a large ground-dwelling squirrel, from the genus of marmots. It is found in high numbers in mountainous areas of central and southern Europe, at heights between in the Alps, Carpathians, Tatras and Northern Apennines. In 1948 they were reintroduced with success in the Pyrenees, where the alpine marmot had disappeared at end of the Pleistocene epoch. Evolution The alpine marmot originates as an animal of Pleistocene cold steppe, exquisitely adapted to this ice-age climate. As such, alpine marmots are excellent diggers, able to penetrate soil that even a pickaxe would have difficulty with, and spend up to nine months per year in hibernation. Since the disappearance of the Pleistocene cold steppe, the alpine marmot persists in the high altitude alpine meadow. During the colonisation of Alpine habitat, the alpine marmot has lost most of its genetic diversity through a bottleneck effect. It could not rebuild its genetic diversity eve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xerinae
The Xerinae comprise a subfamily of squirrels, many of which are highly terrestrial. It includes the tribes Marmotini (marmots, chipmunks, prairie dogs, and other Holarctic ground squirrels), Xerini (African and some Eurasian ground squirrels), and Protoxerini (African tree squirrels).Thorington, R. W. and R. S. Hoffmann (2005). "Family Sciuridae". pp. 754–818 in Wilson, E. D. and Reeder, D. M. (eds.), Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference', Vol. 2. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore. Taxonomy Tribe Xerini six species of ground squirrels in five genera, occurring in Africa and Asia. :''Atlantoxerus'' :'' Euxerus'' :''Geosciurus'' :''Spermophilopsis'' :'' Xerus'' Tribe Protoxerini thirty species of tree squirrels in six genera, occurring in Africa. :''Epixerus'' :'' Funisciurus'' :'' Heliosciurus'' :''Myosciurus'' :'' Paraxerus'' :'' Protoxerus'' Tribe Marmotini ground squirrels in fifteen genera, occurring world wide. Includes the prairie d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Red Squirrel
The red squirrel (''Sciurus vulgaris'') is a species of tree squirrel in the genus ''Sciurus'' common throughout Europe and Asia. The red squirrel is an arboreal, primarily herbivorous rodent. In Great Britain, Ireland, and in Italy numbers have decreased drastically in recent years. This decline is associated with the introduction by humans of the eastern grey squirrel (''Sciurus carolinensis'') from North America. However, the population in Scotland is stabilising due to conservation efforts, awareness and the increasing population of the pine marten, a European predator that selectively controls grey squirrels. Description The red squirrel has a typical head-and-body length of , a tail length of , and a mass of . Males and females are the same size. The red squirrel is somewhat smaller than the eastern grey squirrel which has a head-and-body length of and weighs between . The long tail helps the squirrel to balance and steer when jumping from tree to tree and running ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sciurus
The genus ''Sciurus'' contains most of the common, bushy-tailed squirrels in North America, Europe, temperate Asia, Central America and South America. Species The number of species in the genus is subject to change. In 2005, Thorington & Hoffman- whose taxonomic interpretation is followed by the IUCN website- accepted 28 species in the genus: Genus ''Sciurus'' *Subgenus ''Sciurus'' **Allen's squirrel, ''Sciurus alleni'' **Arizona gray squirrel, ''Sciurus arizonensis'' **Mexican gray squirrel, ''Sciurus aureogaster'' **Eastern gray squirrel, ''Sciurus carolinensis'' **Collie's squirrel, ''Sciurus colliaei'' **Deppe's squirrel, ''Sciurus deppei'' **Japanese squirrel, ''Sciurus lis'' **Calabrian black squirrel, ''Sciurus meridionalis'' **Mexican fox squirrel, ''Sciurus nayaritensis'' **Fox squirrel, ''Sciurus niger'' ** Peters's squirrel, ''Sciurus oculatus'' **Variegated squirrel, ''Sciurus variegatoides'' **Eurasian red squirrel, ''Sciurus vulgaris'' **Yucatan squirrel, ''Sciur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sciurini
Sciurini is a tribe (taxonomy), tribe that includes about forty species of squirrels,Thorington and Hoffmann, 2005, p. 754 mostly from the Americas. It includes five living genera—the American dwarf squirrels, ''Microsciurus''; the Bornean ''Rheithrosciurus''; the widespread American and Eurasian tree squirrels of the genus ''Sciurus'', which includes some of the best known squirrel species; the Central American ''Syntheosciurus''; and the American pine squirrels, ''Pine squirrel, Tamiasciurus''. Like other arboreal squirrels, they are sometimes referred to as tree squirrels. Taxonomy The name "Sciurini" was first employed by Hermann Burmeister in 1854, who used it for the entire squirrel family. In his influential 1945 classification of mammals, George Gaylord Simpson included four genus, genera of squirrels in Sciurini, which he recognized as one of eight tribe (taxonomy), tribes within the subfamily Sciurinae (including all squirrels except the flying squirrels): ''Sciuru ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sciurinae
Sciurinae is a subfamily of squirrels (in the family Sciuridae), uniting the flying squirrels with certain related tree squirrels. Older sources place the flying squirrels in a separate subfamily (Pteromyinae) and unite all remaining sciurids into the subfamily Sciurinae, but this has been strongly refuted by genetic studies. Classification Subfamily SciurinaeThorington, R. W. and R. S. Hoffmann. 2005. Family Sciuridae. pp 754–818 in Mammal Species of the World A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore. walker's mammals of the world 5th edition Volume 1 *Tribe Sciurini **Genus ''Microsciurus'' – American dwarf squirrels ***Central American dwarf squirrel, ''M. alfari'' ***Amazon dwarf squirrel, ''M. flaviventer'' ***Western dwarf squirrel, ''M. mimulus'' ***Santander dwarf squirrel, ''M. santanderensis'' **Genus '' Rheithrosciurus'' *** Tufted ground squirrel, ''R. macrotis'' **Genus ''Sciurus'' ***Subgenus ''Sciurus'' ****Allen's squirrel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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