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List Of Cyclamen Diseases
This article is a list of diseases of cyclamens (''Cyclamen persicum''). Bacterial diseases Fungal diseases Nematodes, parasitic Virus and viroid diseases Phytoplasmal diseases References {{reflist Common Names of Diseases, The American Phytopathological Society Cyclamen ''Cyclamen'' ( or ) is a genus of 23 species of perennial flowering plants in the family Primulaceae. ''Cyclamen'' species are native to Europe and the Mediterranean Basin east to the Caucasus and Iran, with one species in Somalia. They grow ... Ornamental plant pathogens and diseases ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cyclamen
''Cyclamen'' ( or ) is a genus of 23 species of perennial flowering plants in the family Primulaceae. ''Cyclamen'' species are native to Europe and the Mediterranean Basin east to the Caucasus and Iran, with one species in Somalia. They grow from tubers and are valued for their flowers with upswept petals and variably patterned leaves. It was traditionally classified in the family Primulaceae, was reclassified in the family Myrsinaceae in 2000 and finally, in 2009 with the introduction of the APG III system, was returned to the subfamily Myrsinoideae within the family Primulaceae. Names ''Cyclamen'' is Medieval Latin, from earlier Latin ''cyclamīnos'', from Ancient Greek κυκλάμινος, ''kyklā́mīnos'' (also ''kyklāmī́s''), from κύκλος, ''kýklos'' "circle", because of the round tuber. In English the species of the genus are commonly called by the genus name. In many languages cyclamen species are colloquially called by a name like the English sow ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phyllosticta Cyclaminicola
''Phyllosticta cyclaminella'' is a fungal plant pathogen infecting cyclamen ''Cyclamen'' ( or ) is a genus of 23 species of perennial flowering plants in the family Primulaceae. ''Cyclamen'' species are native to Europe and the Mediterranean Basin east to the Caucasus and Iran, with one species in Somalia. They grow ...s. References External links Index FungorumUSDA ARS Fungal Database Fungal plant pathogens and diseases Ornamental plant pathogens and diseases cyclaminella {{fungus-plant-disease-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Potato Virus X
Potato virus X (PVX) is a plant pathogenic virus of the family ''Alphaflexiviridae'' and the order ''Tymovirales''. PVX is found mainly in potatoes and is only transmitted mechanically. There are no insect or fungal vectors for this virus. This virus causes mild or no symptoms in most potato varieties, but when Potato virus Y is present, synergy between these two viruses causes severe symptoms in potatoes. The virion has helical symmetry and a deeply grooved, highly hydrated surface and is made of a single-stranded positive-sense RNA genome of approximately 6.4 kb. This is wrapped in approximately 1300 units of a single coat protein (CP) type, with 8.9 CP units per helix turn. The genome is capped at the 5′-end and poly-adenylated at the 3′-terminus. It contains five open reading frames (ORFs) encoding five proteins: the RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase (RdRP), the movement proteins encoded by three overlapping ORFs that form the Triple Gene Block module (TGBp1, TGBp2, and TGBp3), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Potexvirus
''Potexvirus'' is a genus of pathogenic viruses in the order ''Tymovirales'', in the family ''Alphaflexiviridae''. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are 48 species in this genus, three of which are assigned to a subgenus. Diseases associated with this genus include: mosaic and ringspot symptoms. The genus name comes from ''POTato virus X''). Taxonomy ''Potexvirus'' contains one subgenus that has three species and 45 additional species unassigned to a subgenus. The following 48 species are assigned to the genus: * Subgenus: '' Mandarivirus'' ** ''Citrus yellow mottle-associated virus'' ** ''Citrus yellow vein clearing virus'' ** '' Indian citrus ringspot virus'' The following species are unassigned to a subgenus: *'' Allium virus X'' *'' Alstroemeria virus X'' *'' Alternanthera mosaic virus'' *'' Ambrosia asymptomatic virus 1'' *'' Asparagus virus 3'' *''Babaco mosaic virus'' *'' Bamboo mosaic virus'' *''Cactus virus X'' *''Cassava Colombian symptomless virus'' *''Cassava c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Impatiens Necrotic Spot Virus
''Impatiens necrotic spot orthotospovirus'' (INSV) is a plant pathogenic virus of the order ''Bunyavirales''. It was originally believed to be another strain of ''Tomato spotted wilt virus,'' but genetic investigations revealed them to be separate viruses. It is a negative-strand RNA virus which has a tripartite genome. It is largely spread by the insect vector of the western flower thrips. The virus infects more than 648 species of plants including important horticultural and agricultural species such as fuchsia, tomato, orchids, and lettuce (especially romaine). As the name implies, the main symptom on plants is necrotic spots that appear on the leaves. The INSV virus infects by injecting the RNA the virus contains into the cell which then starts using the cell resources to transcribe what the virus RNA states. Viral infection can often result in the death Death is the irreversible cessation of all biological functions that sustain an organism. For organisms with a bra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tospovirus
''Orthotospovirus'' is a genus of negative-strand RNA viruses, in the family ''Tospoviridae'' of the order ''Bunyavirales,'' which infects plants. Tospoviruses take their name from the species '' Tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus'' (TSWV) which was discovered in Australia in 1919. TSWV remained the only known member of the family until the early 1990s when genetic characterisation of plant viruses became more common. There are now at least twenty species in the genus with more being discovered on a regular basis. Member viruses infect over eight hundred plant species from 82 different families. Genome Tospoviruses have a negative-sense, single-strand RNA genome. The genome resembles that of the genus ''Phlebovirus''. It is linear and is 17.2 kb in size. It is divided into three segments termed S (2.9kb), M (5.4kb), and L (8.9kb). The M and S RNA segments encode for proteins in an ambisense direction. Transmission Tospoviruses are arboviruses usually vectored by thrips. At ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cucumber Mosaic Virus
''Cucumber mosaic virus'' (CMV) is a plant pathogenic virus in the family ''Bromoviridae''. This virus has a worldwide distribution and a very wide host range, having the reputation of the widest host range of any known plant virus. It can be transmitted from plant to plant both mechanically by sap and by aphids in a stylet-borne fashion. It can also be transmitted in seeds and by the parasitic weeds, ''Cuscuta sp.'' (dodder). Hosts and symptoms This virus was first characterized in cucumbers (''Cucumis sativus'') showing mosaic symptoms in 1934, hence the name ''Cucumber mosaic''. Since then, it has been found to infect a great variety of other plants. These include other vegetables such as squash, melons, peppers, eggplants,tomatoes, beans, carrots, celery, lettuce, spinach, beets, many ornamentals and bedding plants, such as '' Narcissus'', and various weeds. Its presence has been confirmed on every continent of the world, including Antarctica. Symptoms seen with this virus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cucumovirus
''Cucumovirus'' is a genus of viruses, in the family ''Bromoviridae''. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are four species in this genus. Taxonomy The following species are assigned to the genus: * ''Cucumber mosaic virus'' * '' Gayfeather mild mottle virus'' * '' Peanut stunt virus'' * ''Tomato aspermy virus'' Structure Viruses in the genus ''Cucumovirus'' are non-enveloped, with icosahedral and Spherical geometries, and T=3 symmetry. The diameter is around 29 nm. Genomes are linear and segmented, tripartite. Life cycle Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration into the host cell. Replication follows the positive stranded RNA virus replication model. Positive stranded rna virus transcription, using the internal initiation model of subgenomic rna transcription is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by tubule-guided viral movement. Plants serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are mechanical and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ditylenchus Dipsaci
''Ditylenchus dipsaci'' is a plant pathogenic nematode that primarily infects onion and garlic. It is commonly known as the stem nematode, the stem and bulb eelworm, or onion bloat (in the United Kingdom).''Ditylenchus dipsaci'' at European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization Symptoms of infection include stunted growth, discoloration of bulbs, and swollen stems. ''D. dipsaci'' is a migratory endoparasite that has a five-stage lifecycle and the ability to enter into a dormancy stage. ''D. dipsaci'' enters through stomata or plant wounds and creates galls or malformations in plant growth. This allows for the entrance of secondary pathogens such as fungi and bacteria. Management of disease is maintained through seed sanitation, heat treatment, crop rotation, and fumigation of fields. ''D. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meloidogyne Incognita
''Meloidogyne incognita'' (root-knot nematode - RKN), also known as the "southern root-nematode" or "cotton root-knot nematode" is a plant-parasitic roundworm in the family Heteroderidae. This nematode is one of the four most common species worldwide and has numerous hosts. It typically incites large, usually irregular galls on roots as a result of parasitism. ''Meloidogyne incognita'' can move along shallower temperature gradients (0.001C/cm) than any other known organism, an example of thermotaxis. The response is complicated and thought to allow the nematodes to move toward an appropriate level in soil, while they search for chemical cues that can guide them to specific roots.Diez and Dusenbery. 1989. Repellent of root-knot nematodes from the exudate of host roots. J. Chem. Ecol. 15:2445-2455. Distribution ''Meloidogyne incognita'' is widely spread around the globe and found in many different soil types. Host ''Meloidogyne incognita'' is probably the most economically ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aphelenchoides Ritzemabosi
''Aphelenchoides ritzemabosi'' (Black currant nematode, Chrysanthemum foliar nematode, Chrysanthemum leaf nematode, Chrysanthemum nematode, Chrysanthemum Foliar eelworm) is a plant pathogenic nematode. It was first scientifically described in 1890 in England. This nematode has a wide host range. Among the most important species affected are Chrysanthemums and strawberries. ''A. ritzemabosi'' is a migratory foliar feeding nematode. It can feed both ectoparasitically and endoparasitically, with the later causing the most significant damage. When adequate moisture is present, this nematode enters the leaves and feeds from inside the tissue. Typical damage is characterized by necrotic zones between the veins of the leaves. Its lifecycle is short; only ten days from egg to mature adult. A single female can lay as many as 3,500 eggs. This pest can be difficult to control. Host plant resistance, hot water treatments, and predatory mites are recommended. Nomenclature and Synon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aphelenchoides Fragariae
Strawberry foliar nematode, or strawberry crimp nematode, is a disease caused by ''Aphelenchoides fragariae'', a plant pathogenic nematode. It is common in strawberries and ornamental plants and can greatly affect plant yield and appearance, resulting in a loss of millions of dollars of revenue. Symptoms used to diagnose the disease are angular, water soaked lesions and necrotic blotches. ''Aphelenchoides fragariae'' is the nematode pathogen that causes the disease. Its biological cycle includes four life stages, three of which are juvenile. The nematode can undergo multiple life cycles in one growing season when favorable conditions are present. The crowns, runners, foliage, and new buds of the plant via stylet penetration or through the stomata can be infected. The best management practices for this disease are sanitation, prevention of induction of the pathogen to the environment, and planting clean seed or starter plants. Importance Foliar nematodes are an important pla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
